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Heavy Ion Tumor Therapy
Michael Scholz GSI Darmstadt
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Introduction Advantage of ion beams for therapy: Physical aspects:
Inverted depth dose profile Defined penetration depth Reduced lateral scattering Biological aspects: Increased effectiveness Reduced oxygen effect Increased effectiveness depends on many parameters like e.g. dose, Z, LET, or depth, which have to be taken into account for treatment planning
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Depth Dose Profile Penetration Depth [cm] Relative Dose
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Die höhere Wirkung schwerer Ionen
Die RBE hängt ab von: Dosis Strahlenergie Ionensorte Reparaturvermögen der Zelle
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Depth Dose Profile
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Survival: Dependence of RBE on Cell Type
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Biological Verification of Treatment Plans
“Head Phantom”
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Biological Verification of Treatment Plans II
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Local Effect Model
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Comparison of LEM with Exp. Data
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Heavy ion induced foci CDKN1A/p21: green DNA: red
Cell Nucleus p21 response CDKN1A/p21: green DNA: red Pb-ions, 3.1 MeV/u, 3x106/cm2 Tracks in CR39 Ca-ions, 10.1 MeV/u, 2x106/cm2
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Visualization of tracks
sample holder sample holder
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Rasterscan
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Heavy Ion Therapy Carbon: advantage of RBE 3 Blocks / 4 weeks per year
10…15 Patients / Block 140 Patients total since Dec. 1997 2/3 carbon alone 1/3 photons + carbon boost Tumors: head and neck, few pelvic chordoma, chondrosarcoma, ACC, meningeoma
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Therapy Online Monitor
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Treatment Room
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Heavy Ion Therapy: Technical Aspects
Horizontal fixed beam Active magnetic scanning + energy variation 250 energies, 7 focus steps, 15 intensity steps 2-4 fields per patient and treatment day Typical treatment time: 45 min Typical irradiation time/field: 5…10min Verification of distal field edge by PET using 11C
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Current Activities Moving targets Installation of patient chair
PET with protons (FZ Rossendorf, W. Enghardt et al.) Preparation of the dedicated clinical facility at Heidelberg
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Schedule for Heidelberg Facility
2002 Call for tender Refine specifications Prepare Component manufacturing Building construction documentation 2003 Component manufacturing Construction work 2004 Component manufacturing Component acceptance trials Begin 2005 Systemtests Mid 2005 Commissioning Mid 2006 Pre-clinical operations End 2006 Clinical operation
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The Biophysics Group
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