1. X-ray CT, CAD. CAM For Bioengineering JalalJalalShokouhi@hotmail.com Jalal Jalal Shokouhi –MD, ISR, Shahid beheshti med. Uni., Defense ministry Alireza Darvish-PhD. Mazandaran Uni., Defense ministry Ali Akbar Khadem - MS. Sapco Iran khodro Mohammad hossein Herischi-MD Orthopedic research center, Baku, Republic Azerbayjan Ali Akbar Ameri-MD ISR, Shahid beheshti med. Uni. Shiva Jalal Shokouhi - BS IT research center,Sharif Uni.

2. Jaam e jam med imaging center, Non-Medical use of X-ray and animal research radiology, Anatomic research center, Tehran, Iran Badr system,Tehran, Iran and Dubai, UAE. Sapco (Iran khodro), Tehran,Iran Orthopedic research center, Baku,Republic Azerbayjan Educational industry, Tehran, Iran

3. Disciplines for Anatomy & Engineering: 1. X-ray: conventional analog X-ray X-ray CT (conventional, Spiral, Multi slice, 2D, 3D & CTA) Digital X-ray (CR, DR, Flat panel) 2.Ultra sound (B Scan, 2D, 3D, 4D, Doppler & flow studies) 3.MRI, MRA, 3D imaging 4.RN Scan, SPECT, PET (Combined with CT & MRI)

4. Advantages: 1.Exact dimensions (Scale) 2.Parallel with anatomic images from dissected body and paintings 3.DICOM compatibility (PACS and tele- radiology)

5. Bioengineering or Biomedical Engineering 1.Engineering expertise 2.Biology (biological problems) 3.Medicine (medical needs) All improves human health and instruments and device design

6. Most Important Advances 1. Artificial joints (CAD CAM by SLA machine) 2. MRI 3. Heart pacemakers 4. Arthroscopy (virtual by imaging) 5. Angioplasty 6. Bioengineered skin 7. Kidney dialysis 8. Heart lung machine

7. A bioengineer knowledge 1.Electrical, Electronics 2.Informatics 3.Mechanical 4.Mathematical 5.Chemical and Physical 6.Medical 7.Humanities and social siences 8.Etc.

16. Bruce C. Wheeler, Bioengineering for Current UIUC Undergrads, September 2005 What is Bioengineering? Any Area of Biology Mixed with Any Area of Engineering In Any Proportion

17. Bruce C. Wheeler, Bioengineering for Current UIUC Undergrads, September 2005 Example: Magnetic Resonance Imaging – Electrical Engineers: electromagnetics – Computer Engineers/Scientists: computation – Physiologists: biological function – Chemists: new imaging agents – Psychologists: mental function – Physicians: medical implications

18. Bruce C. Wheeler, Bioengineering for Current UIUC Undergrads, September 2005 More Bioengineering Examples Artificial Skin – Materials Scientist: artificial polymers – Cell Biologist: tissue reaction EKG Machine – Engineers: electronics – CS: automated diagnosis – Physician: medical design Pharmaceutical Production – Molecular Biologist: receptor / ligand identification – Genetic Engineer: induce bacteria to produce molecules – Chemical Engineer: scaleup of production

19. Bruce C. Wheeler, Bioengineering for Current UIUC Undergrads, September 2005 Examples of Engineers in Medicine and Biology Materials Science: Implants (e.g. artificial hip) Electrical Engineering: Cardiac Signals Computer Science: computer data bases, programs, bioinformatics Computer Engineering: computer design for CAT scanners Physics: basics of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

20. Bruce C. Wheeler, Bioengineering for Current UIUC Undergrads, September 2005 Examples of Engineers in Medicine and Biology Chemical Engineering: Pharmaceuticals Mechanical Engineering: Rehabilitation Devices Nuclear Engineering: Radiology Civil Engineering: Environmental problems Agricultural Engineering: Food Processing

21. Bruce C. Wheeler, Bioengineering for Current UIUC Undergrads, September 2005 Areas Emerging in “Engineering of Biology” – Bioinformatics (Genetic / Proteomic Data Base, Design, Inquiry) – BioMolecular Modeling – Genetic Engineering of Animals – Genetic Engineering of Proteins, Drugs – Cell and Tissue Engineering – Neural Engineering – Biomaterials

22. Bruce C. Wheeler, Bioengineering for Current UIUC Undergrads, September 2005 More Programs Related to Bioengineering Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering Department and Degree Program Biomaterials concentration in Materials Science and Engineering Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department and Degree Program

23. Bruce C. Wheeler, Bioengineering for Current UIUC Undergrads, September 2005 What Do I Need to Study to be a Bioengineer? Short Answer #1: Everything Short Answer #2: Depends -- on what interests you most

24. Bruce C. Wheeler, Bioengineering for Current UIUC Undergrads, September 2005 What Do I Need to Study? Mathematics – Calculus through Differential Equations Physics (calculus based) – Mechanics, Electromagnetics, Modern Physics Chemistry – Through Organic and Biochemistry Biology – Strong in Molecular Biology, but also Cellular and Systems Physiology

25. Bruce C. Wheeler, Bioengineering for Current UIUC Undergrads, September 2005 What Do I Need to Study? Traditional Approaches #1 and #2 Choose one major and one minor from traditional disciplines: – 1. Engineering Side: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical, Chemical, Materials, Nuclear, Computer Science … – 2. Life Science Side: Molecular and Cellular Biology, Physiology, Cell Biology, Microbiology … Anticipate possible need for one more year to double major to achieve career objectives

26. What is Bioengineering? l Bioengineering applies engineering methods and techniques to problems in biology and medicine. Biology Engineering Medicine Tissue Engineering Neural Implants DNA Expression Arrays www.advancedtissue.com Pumps Pacemakers Prosthetics www.guidant.com

27. Future of Bioengineering Open-Source Biology Human Genome Sequence Heart Cell Regeneration Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis

28. Our Ability Inside Country 1.Polymer micro-drops with UV lights for bone anatomy and prosthesis 2.Fluid – resin micro-drops with UV laser for soft tissue (silicon) 3.3D print using micro-seeds or sand print over print in high temperature

48. Thank you for your attention