1. Chapter 7 How are Plants Classified

2. Plants Trivia What percent of a raw apple is water? 84%
What percent of a cucumber is water?
96%
How many kernels are on an average ear of corn?
800 kernels

3. Brainstorming Time! List some characteristics of all plants?
With a partner, answer the following questions and WRITE down what you come up with! You will have approximately 15 minutes to do this (and do it WELL!) You will be sharing your thoughts!
List some characteristics of all plants?
How do humans use plants?
List as many different types of plants you can think of!!! (hopefully your list is long)
On the blank paper, draw a plant of your choice and label its parts/structures!

4. Put the following plants in order from most primitive (1) to most advanced (5).4 3 2 5 1

6. All Plants… Are multicellular!
Have rigid cell walls (made of cellulose)
Have chloroplasts in their cells for photosynthesis!
Photosynthesis:
Water + Carbon Dioxide  glucose + oxygen
C6H12O6

7. Kingdom Plantae is Divided into 2 Groups:
Tracheophytes (advanced)
Are vascular plants
have transport tubes
Larger
Flowers, trees, shrubs, ferns
Bryophytes (primative)
Are non-vascular plants
no transport tubes
small
Moss, liverworts, hogworts

8. Tracheophytes vs. Bryophytes

9. Bryophytes Most Primitive Pants Small! “pioneer plants”
Examples: mosses, liverworts, hornworts

10. Liverworts, Hornworts (Examples of Bryophytes)
Marchantia
Hornwort

11. WARM-UP (Review)
What are 3 distinguishing characteristics of ALL plants?
Multicellular, cell walls, chloroplasts
The kingdom Plantae is divided into what 2 groups?
Tracheophytes and Bryophytes
What are the two main differences between those 2 plant groups?
Vascularity (transport tubes)
What group do mosses belong to?
Bryophyte
List the two phases of the moss life cycle?
Spore-Producing Phase
Gamete-Producing Phase

12. Ferns
Oldest Tracheophyte!
Feather-like leaves
Reproduces by spores

13. Fern Structure

14. Spore-Producing Phase Gamete-Producing Phase
Fern Life Cycle
Spore-Producing Phase
Gamete-Producing Phase

15. Let’s take a closer look at this life cycle!
Dissection microscope – sori on underside of leaves
Regular microscope – gametophyte

16. Gymnosperms Tracheophyte Means uncovered, exposed/naked seeds
Has vascular tissue!
Means uncovered, exposed/naked seeds
Seed: reproductive structure of a plant. Contains own food for its growth.
Woody stems
Examples:
Conifers (pine trees)
Gingkos
Cycads

17. Types of Gymnosperms Conifers (Produce cones) Ex- Pine, Spruce Ginkgos
(Fan-like leaves)
*Grow-well! Even in Pollution!
Cycads
(Tropical, large leaves)

18. Here’s something you may not know….
The needles on conifers are modified leaves. They still need to photosynthesis and exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the environment.
If you look at the underside of the needles, you can see the little holes.
Conifers can be identified by looking at the patterns of these holes on needles!

19. List as many angiosperms (flowering plants) as you can!
Warm-Up
List as many angiosperms (flowering plants) as you can!
Here’s a start…

20. Angiosperms Flowering plants!  Largest plant group!
250,000 diff. types
All have flowers and seeds!
Tracheophytes (most advanced!)
Vascularity (transport tubes) HIGHLY DEVELOPED!
True roots, stems, and leaves
Examples:
Grasses, oak tree, tulip, corn

21. Seeds are Protected by Fruit (not naked like the Gymnosperms)
Angiosperms are seed plants (produce seeds to reproduce)
Seeds are enclosed in a fruit
Many types of fruits!

22. Did You Know… These are all fruits too!
SEED
SEED
SEED
SEED

23. Angiosperms can either be… Monocot or Dicot
Monocot – flowering plant with one cotyledon in its seeds
Dicot – flowering plant with two cotyledons in its seeds
Cotyledon – leaf-like structure inside a seed that contains food for the developing plant.

24. You can see the difference in cotyledon # two ways!
Look at seeds
Look at sprout structure!

25. Monocot vs. Dicot Chart