1. Spondylosis Dr.Shamekh M. El-Shamy

2. Spondylosis

7. I- Cervical Spondylosis  Definition: It is a gradual progressive diffuse degeneration of inter- vertebral discs, affecting the most mobile lower cervical vertebrae

8.  PREDISPOSING FACTORS: 1- Old age. 2- Diabetes mellitus. 3- Excessive mobility of the spine as in labourers

9. Pathology

11. Pathology -

12. 1- Lateral prolapse 2- Posterior prolapse 3- Postero-lateral prolapse

13. Manifestations

14. b) Posterior root compression: -

16.  2)Manifestations of cord compression (Posterior prolapse): (Myelopathy)

17.  3)Manifestations of root and root compression: (Myloradiculopathy)

18. Vertebro-basilar insufficiency (VBI)  It is usually due to compression of upper cervical osteophytes on the vertebral arte ry.

19. Investigations  1)Plain X-ray:

20.  C.T. scan and M.R.I,  Myelography  Bone Scan,

21. Treatment I- Medical: II- Physiotherapy:

22. III- Surgical:.

23. II- Lumbar disc prolapse

24.  Clinical picture: - Age: Any age. - Sex: 75 – 80 % in males. - Sites: Common sites are L 4-5 and L 5 -S 1, which compresses the spinal nerve below i.e. In L 4-5 disc prolapse, the prolapsed disc compresses L 5 nerve roots.

25. Manifestations 1- Pain: -

26. 2. Muscle weakness: -

27. - Scoliosis; -Tenderness -

28. Investigations 1. Plain x-ray: - 2. Myelography: -

29. 3. Computerized axial tomography (CT): -

30. 4. Electro-physiological studies: 5. CSF:

31. Prognosis

32. Treatment 1.Drugs: 2.2. Surgery (10 % of cases): -

33. 3. Injections:

34. 4. Physiotherapy:

35. Thank You