1. Mr. Buttell West Broward HS APUSH
The s:
Secession to
War
KC 5.2 All
Mr. Buttell West Broward HS APUSH

2. Free Soil Party WHY? Free Soil! Free Speech! Free Labor! Free Men!
“Barnburners” – discontented northern Democrats.
Anti-slave members of the Liberty and Whig Parties.
Opposition to the extension of slavery in the new territories!
WHY?

3. The 1848 Presidential Election Results√

4. GOLD! At Sutter’s Mill, 1848
John A. Sutter

5. California Gold Rush, 1849
49er’s

6. Westward the Course of Empire Emmanuel Leutze, 1860

7. The Mexican Cession

8. Problems of Sectional Balance in 1850
California statehood.
Southern “fire-eaters” threatening secession.
Underground RR & fugitive slave issues:
Personal liberty laws

9. Concessions to the North Concessions to the South
Compromise of 1850
Concessions to the North
Concessions to the South
CA admitted as free state
Territory disputed by TX and NM to be surrendered to NM
Abolition of slave trade (not slavery) in D.C.
Remainder of MX cession, formed into territories of NM and UT, slavery = Pop. Sov.
TX to receive $10 million for compensation from federal govt.
More stringent fugitive-slave law

10. Compromise of 1850

11. 1852 Presidential Election
√ Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale Democrat Whig Free Soil

12. 1852 Election Results

13. Territorial Growth to 1853
Sec. of War Jefferson Davis sent James Gadsden as minister of Mexico. Want 1st Transcontinental RR built in South

14. Expansionist Young America in the 1850s
America’s Attempted Raids into Latin America
Clayton-Bulwer Treaty; Neither US or Britain would control an Isthmus in Latin America

15. CUBA – Pearl of the Antilles
Established slave country
Spanish govt. rebuffed two attempts by southerners
Pres. Pierce plans the Ostend Manifesto with U.S. diplomats in Europe to purchase Cuba for $120 million.
If Spain refused, the U.S. would attack since Europe is dealing with the Crimean War

16. Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811 – 1896)
So this is the lady who started the Civil War Abraham Lincoln

17. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852 Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.
2 million in a decade!

18. Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

19. John Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr?
Mural in the Kansas Capitol building by John Steuart Curry (20c)

20. Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)
“Bleeding Kansas”
Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)

21. “The Crime Against Kansas”
“Senator Butler, you have taken the Harlot slavery as your mistress.”
-Charles Sumner (1856)
Sen. Charles Sumner (R-MA)
Congr. Preston Brooks (D-SC)

22. Birth of the Republican Party, 1854
Northern Whigs.
Northern Democrats.
Free-Soilers.
Know-Nothings.
Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

23. 1856 Presidential Election
√ James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican American (Know Not)

24. 1856 Election Results

25. Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857

26. Lecompton Constitution
1857 Kansas writes constitution
Vote for it with or without slavery
Against it, would protect the established slave system
Proslaveryites approved with slavery
Buchanan now President approved it, and Douglas went after it with vengeance.

27. A House divided against itself, cannot stand.
The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858
A House divided against itself, cannot stand.

28. Stephen Douglas & the Freeport Doctrine
Lincoln to Douglas: “How does Popular Sovereignty work simultaneously with the Dred Scott decision?”
“A territory’s residents could exclude slavery by not adopting laws to protect it.”

29. John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859

30. 1860 Presidential Election
√ Abraham Lincoln Republican
John Bell Constitutional Union
1860 Presidential Election
Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat
John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat

31. Republican Party Platform in 1860
Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.
Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].
No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].
Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].
Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.
Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].

32. 1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

33. 1860
Election
Results

34. Crittenden Compromise: A Last Ditch Appeal to Sanity
Senator John J. Crittenden (Know-Nothing-KY)

35. Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860