1. 1 Typical or Troubled? TM Presentation for Teachers & Staff Typical or Troubled? TM Know the Difference, Make a Difference A Program of the American Psychiatric Foundation

2. 2 Typical or Troubled? TM TODAY’S PRESENTATION Treatment Steps to take Warning signs Normal teen development Types of mental health problems Referral process State of the problem

3. 3 Typical or Troubled? TM Why is this information important? Provides a framework for education on children’s mental health Outlines specific steps staff can take when behaviors are noticed Defines process of referring students Creates a platform for continued education and interventions to support our students

4. 4 Typical or Troubled? TM Marshall Middle School

5. 5 Typical or Troubled? TM At least 1 in 5 children and adolescents has a mental health disorder 1 in 10 has a serious disorder 90% of people who develop a mental disorder show warning signs during their teen years National Statistics

6. 6 Typical or Troubled? TM Trends Homelessness Incarcerated Parents Drug Use in the Home Truancy/Ed Neglect Anxiety (Social, Separation & General) Depression Disengaged Parenting Poverty Cutting Child Protection Concerns Increase in more significant mental health diagnosis

7. 7 Typical or Troubled? TM No help = Pain Suffering Failing

8. 8 Typical or Troubled? TM HELP = Better academic achievement Less substance abuse Improved chances for their future

9. 9 Typical or Troubled? TM Everyone Can Make a Difference Every Adult School Staff Parents

10. 10 Typical or Troubled? TM Teachers’ Critical Role

11. 11 Typical or Troubled? TM Influential On the Front Lines Overburdened

12. 12 Typical or Troubled? TM NOTICETALK ACT Steps Teachers Can Take

13. 13 Typical or Troubled? TM

14. 14 Typical or Troubled? TM Poor concentration 14 Typical or Troubled? TM Increased tardiness or absences Withdrawn Anxious Angry or aggressive behaviors Somatic Complaints

15. 15 Typical or Troubled? TM Angry or aggressive behaviors 15 Typical or Troubled? TM

16. 16 Typical or Troubled? TM Increased tardiness or absences 16 Typical or Troubled? TM

17. 17 Typical or Troubled? TM Withdrawn 17 Typical or Troubled? TM

18. 18 Typical or Troubled? TM Anxious 18 Typical or Troubled? TM

19. 19 Typical or Troubled? TM Typical? Troubled? 19 Typical or Troubled? TM

20. 20 Typical or Troubled? TM Complex period of rapid change, transition Challenges: fitting in, defining identity, competing demands (school, home) Sometimes - other home issues (divorce, violence or substance abuse) Bottom line: May display alterations of mood, distressing thoughts, anxiety, and impulsive behavior. Typical Teens

21. 21 Typical or Troubled? TM Experiencing more than normal developmental challenges Without treatment, more likely to have serious problems: Academic Relationships Employment Signs of Trouble 21 Typical or Troubled? TM

22. 22 Typical or Troubled? TM + environment What causes mental health disorders? biology

23. 23 Typical or Troubled? TM As you NOTICE signs, ask yourself, are they: FREQUENT ? –(e.g., student is quiet, withdrawn over multiple days/weeks) EXTREME ? –(e.g., violent outburst) If either: TALK with student ACT by communicating what you’ve seen/heard with school MH staff 23 Typical or Troubled? TM Typical or Troubled? TM

24. 24 Typical or Troubled? TM Mood disorders Anxiety disorders Psychotic disorders Behavioral/disruptive disorders Teen Mental Health Disorders 24 Typical or Troubled? TM

25. 25 Typical or Troubled? TM CLINICAL DEPRESSION Deep despair, sadness, crying 1 in 13 teens experience symptoms BIPOLAR DISORDER Extreme changes from happy to sad 1 in 100 teens have it Hard to diagnose, looks like depression 25 Typical or Troubled? TM

26. 26 Typical or Troubled? TM ANXIETY DISORDERS Overwhelming fear with no cause Frequently runs in families EATING DISORDERS Unrealistic thoughts about weight 1 in 20 teens suffer; 90% females Can result in death 26 Typical or Troubled? TM

27. 27 Typical or Troubled? TM SCHIZOPHRENIA Strange thoughts, unusual behaviors High functioning, then big decline Distrustful, no longer social, voices ADHD Problems paying attention Can seriously impact ability to learn 27 Typical or Troubled? TM

28. 28 Typical or Troubled? TM OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER Stubborn, argumentative, hostile Major distraction in the classroom CONDUCT DISORDER Verbal/physical aggression End up in juvenile hall 28 Typical or Troubled? TM

29. 29 Typical or Troubled? TM Teen Mental Health & Substance Abuse 29 Typical or Troubled? TM

30. 30 Typical or Troubled? TM Teen use & abuse of alcohol and drugs can be common. Why? Curiosity, feels good, reduce stress, fit in, feel grown up Some use drugs/alcohol to compensate for anxiety, depression, lack of positive social skills 30 Typical or Troubled? TM

31. 31 Typical or Troubled? TM Some facts: Teen mental health & substance abuse: Mental health disorders often co-exist with substance abuse problems Repeated & regular recreational use can sometimes lead to anxiety and depression Teen risk factors for developing serious alcohol/drug problems: depressed, low self- esteem, feel out of mainstream, family history of substance abuse, lack of positive social skills 31 Typical or Troubled? TM

32. 32 Typical or Troubled? TM Warning Signs of teen drug/alcohol abuse Emotional: Personality change, mood changes Irritable, negative attitude Depression Irresponsible or delinquent behavior Drop in school performance Change in groups of friends 32 Typical or Troubled? TM

33. 33 Typical or Troubled? TM Warning Signs of teen drug/alcohol abuse Emotional Personality/Mood Changes Irritable, Negative Depression Irresponsible/Delinquent Drop in School Performance Change in Groups of Friends Physical Fatigue Repeated Health Complaints Red/Glazed Eyes Lasting Cough Changes in Eating of Sleeping Habits

34. 34 Typical or Troubled? TM Warning Signs (cont’d) Physical: Fatigue Repeated health complaints Red/glazed eyes, lasting cough Changes in eating or sleeping habits 34 Typical or Troubled? TM

35. 35 Typical or Troubled? TM Attendance/ Performance Issues Inability to cope Somatic complaints Sexual acting out Depression Abuse of alcohol/ drugs Anxiety Threat to harm self or others Self-injury Frequent outbursts Threats to run away Aggression Unusual behavior 35 Typical or Troubled? TM Sleep Disturbances

36. 36 Typical or Troubled? TM NOTICETALK ACT Steps Teachers Can Take

37. 37 Typical or Troubled? TM The Referral Process 37 Typical or Troubled? TM

38. 38 Typical or Troubled? TM PsychiatristsPsychologists Mental Health Counselors

39. 39 Typical or Troubled? TM

40. 40 Typical or Troubled? TM Teacher TALKS to student Teacher NOTICES a cause for concern in a student Teachers ACTS by notifying SCHOOL MH assigned to student (or CASE MANAGER for special ed students) What a referral looks like at Marshall Public Schools STUDENT and SCHOOL MH meet SCHOOL MENTAL HEALTH handles problem OR SCHOOL MENTAL HEALTH provides information on outside resources to parents If problem is identified as a behavior/conduct problem, student is sent to ASSISTANT PRINCIPAL PSYCHOLOGISTPSYCHIATRIST COUNTY SOCIAL WORKER MH COUNSELOR PHYSICIAN

41. 41 Typical or Troubled? TM Psychiatrists Psychologists Mental Health Counselors Primary Physicians Behavioral Health Facilities

42. 42 Typical or Troubled? TM EFFECTIVE TREATMENT Therapy, Medication –Often a combination works best No quick fix – timeframe depends on: –Severity of disorder –Temperament of child –Family & school support On-going Collaboration is Critical –Mental health professional –School Mental Health Support –Teachers –Parents 42 Typical or Troubled? TM

43. 43 Typical or Troubled? TM MEDICATION Used to: –Improve daily functioning –Prevent serious symptoms –Enable therapy to be more effective Must be used appropriately and only under care of psychiatrist or other physician 43 Typical or Troubled? TM

44. 44 Typical or Troubled? TM Effective Mental Health Treatment Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) Family Therapy Group Therapy THERAPY 44 Typical or Troubled? TM

45. 45 Typical or Troubled? TM Effective Treatment for Mental Health and Substance Use Adolescent psychiatrist consultation to help with assessing for co-existing mental health diagnoses and treatment decisions Types of treatment might include inpatient, outpatient programs, support groups, twelve- step programs 45 Typical or Troubled? TM

46. 46 Typical or Troubled? TM Managing Disorders in the Classroom Follow good classroom management principles Communicate with others Take care of yourself

47. 47 Typical or Troubled? TM Talking with Parents Start early Stick together Be positive and have perspective Observable behaviors

48. 48 Typical or Troubled? TM NOTICETALKACT

49. 49 Typical or Troubled? TM Changing a Life’s Course 49 Typical or Troubled? TM

50. 50 Typical or Troubled? TM More Resources for You www.healthyminds.org –American Psychiatric Association www.aacap.orgwww.aacap.org –American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry http://www.transitionyear.org/ –“A roadmap for emotional health and wellness at college,” an initiative by The Jed Foundation http://store.samhsa.gov/home –SAMHSA, a government agency, provides free publications and mailing

51. 51 Typical or Troubled? TM