1. BTEC Health & Social Care Award
Unit 2: Equality, Diversity and Rights

2. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Learning objective
To understand the effects of discrimination on service users in Health and Social Care

3. Equality, Diversity and Rights
As discussed earlier, discrimination can occur against any individual or group who is different from the dominant and prevailing norm in that situation.

4. Equality, Diversity and Rights
As discussed earlier, discrimination can occur against any individual or group who is different from the dominant and prevailing norm in that situation.
With that in mind, it is useful to remember that, given the right circumstances, the potential for each of us to experience discrimination is there.

5. Equality, Diversity and Rights
On what basis do people discriminate?

6. Equality, Diversity and Rights
On what basis do people discriminate?
Our society is made up of groups of people.

7. Equality, Diversity and Rights
On what basis do people discriminate?
Our society is made up of groups of people.
We gain our identity from membership of these groups.

8. Equality, Diversity and Rights
On what basis do people discriminate?
Our society is made up of groups of people.
We gain our identity from membership of these groups.
The groups may be formed by our genetics, our culture our religion; or by pressure from family and peers; or due to our own choices.

9. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Within any society, there will be dominant groups who are more powerful and influential than others.

10. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Within any society, there will be dominant groups who are more powerful and influential than others.
‘Others’
‘In’ Group
‘Others’

11. Equality, Diversity and Rights
The main group’s power and influence dominates society. Their views become the norm against which all others are measured.

12. Equality, Diversity and Rights
The main group’s power and influence dominates society. Their views become the norm against which all others are measured.

13. Equality, Diversity and Rights
If others are deemed acceptable by the dominant group's views, they can be integrated.

14. Equality, Diversity and Rights
All those individuals who do not hold the dominant views or conform to the norm, may be subjected to ridicule, unfair treatment and discrimination.

15. Equality, Diversity and Rights
This process, sometimes called ‘othering’ creates a barrier between the dominant norm group and those outside.

16. Equality, Diversity and Rights
This process, sometimes called ‘othering’ creates a barrier between the dominant norm group and those outside.
The idea that the dominant group is superior
and the only ‘right way’ to do things
emerges.

17. Equality, Diversity and Rights
This process, sometimes called ‘othering’ creates a barrier between the dominant norm group and those outside.
The idea that the dominant group is superior
and the only ‘right way’ to do things
emerges.
In the UK, the most powerful group
are white, middle class, employed,
heterosexual, married, C of E males.

18. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Culture

19. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Culture
Fear
Acceptable behaviour
Lack of knowledge
Regional differences
Unwritten rules
‘The way we do things’

20. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Disability

21. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Disability
Medical model of normality
Disabled hidden away
‘Deviant’ people committed
‘Less important’
Terminations
Poor access to education and medicine
Assumptions of ability

22. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Age

23. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Age
Both younger and older
Legal ages
‘Belonging’ to parents
Homogenous groups
Negative images ‘out of control’ ‘past it’
Incapable
Forced retirement
Medical access

24. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Social class

25. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Social class
Determined by occupation
Family background
Determines access to education
Access to healthcare
Different accommodation
Opportunities
Barriers to some occupations

26. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Gender

27. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Gender
Control by men ‘the natural order’
Teachings of world religions
Needs less important
Rights
Pressure to conform to mother/wife role
Workplace inequality

28. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Sexuality

29. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Sexuality
Founded in religious belief
Other expressions viewed as ‘deviant’
Hidden from public
Considered a private matter
Fear and prejudice, AIDS crisis
Violent attacks
Civil partnerships

30. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Health status

31. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Health status
Pressure on healthcare
Personal responsibility
Disregard of advice
Unhealthy behaviours
Access to treatment
HIV status
Mental health needs

32. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Family status

33. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Family status
Single parents
Same sex marriages
Welfare benefits
Judging mothers, not absent fathers
Access to opportunities
Financial difficulty

34. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Cognitive ability

35. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Bases of discrimination: Cognitive ability
Learning disabilities
Mental health issues
‘Unpredictable/unreasonable’
Talked over, ignored
Assumptions from speech/actions
‘Can’t manage own affairs’
Decisions taken against their will

36. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Discriminatory practice:
when someone discriminates
in the absence of personal
knowledge or understanding
of the individual, but on a
socially constructed,
stereotypical view which
has been influenced
and reinforced by prejudice.
Examples of discriminatory practice are:
Infringement of rights

37. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Examples of discriminatory practice:
Infringement of rights
Covert or overt abuse of power
Prejudice
Stereotyping
Labelling
Bullying
Abuse

38. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Effects of discrimination:
Marginalisation
Disempowerment
Low self-esteem and self-identity
Restricted opportunities
Negative behaviours

39. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Read Alan’s story, taking note of the terms used to describe the effects of discriminatory practice.
Write about the effects of discriminatory practice in:
Access to infertility treatment
Placing older people in care Or
A case study of your choice (check with tutor)

40. Equality, Diversity and Rights
Can you think of an example of discriminatory practice you have witnessed in school?
What is meant by the self-fulfilling prophecy?
What could you do as a health or social care worker to minimise discrimination?