1. HydroExpert Decision Support System Quick Guide to HydroSim XP Simulation Model Version 1.4 – Revision: 13/07/2012 HydroByte Software

2. GR HydroExpert 2 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software CONTENT  We will show... Reservoir Operation Reservoir Operation o Goals o Hydro plants o Generation function o Reservoirs o Multi-Reservoir structure o Simulation model and algorithm o Network flow model HydroSim XP Model DSS HydroExpert and HydroSim XP Model Access to HydroExpert Access to HydroExpert

3. GR HydroExpert 3 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software HYDROPLANT MODEL  Main Structures Hydro Plant’s Main Structure Reservoir Powerhouse Spillway Tailrace channel

4. GR HydroExpert 4 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Goals What to do? Decision = Total OutflowsDecision = Total Outflows What to satisfy? Verify all operational constraintsVerify all operational constraints Any help? Inflow forecastInflow forecast Generation schedulingGeneration scheduling Units maintenance schedulingUnits maintenance scheduling

5. GR HydroExpert 5 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Hydro Plant Main Variables z fb : Upstream levelz fb : Upstream level z tr : Downstream levelz tr : Downstream level u : Total outflowu : Total outflow q : Turbine’s releaseq : Turbine’s release s : Spillages : Spillage x : Reservoir volumex : Reservoir volume

6. GR HydroExpert 6 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Spillways Maximum Spill Control s max = f (z fb )s max = f (z fb ) FreeboardFreeboard GatesGates OutletsOutlets

7. GR HydroExpert 7 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Generation Function  Efficiency ( η )  Turbine’s release ( q )  Net head ( h n ) Forebay level ( z fb ) Tailrace level ( z tr ) Penstock head loss ( h p ) long time short time Horizon influence:

8. GR HydroExpert 8 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Net Head (Brazilian tipical example) 4th degree Polynomials

9. GR HydroExpert 9 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Turbine’s Efficiency  Hill Curves ( η )

10. GR HydroExpert 10 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Reservoir’s Mass Balance Account Hydraulic Components Reservoir Volume IncreaseDecrease Upstream outflow + Lateral inflow + Turbine release - Spillage - Multiple use - Diversions +- Net evaporation +-

11. GR HydroExpert 11 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Reservoir’s Limit Levels Limit Levels MaximorumMaximorum MaximumMaximum MinimumMinimumNote maximorum level is a Brazilian specific case.maximorum level is a Brazilian specific case.

12. GR HydroExpert 12 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Simulation Model

13. GR HydroExpert 13 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Multi-Reservoir Internal Structure 3 1 2 4 Real Cascade 2 1 3 4 Tree Structure Hydro Scheduling Network Storage Reservoir Plant Run-of-river Reservoir Plant Interval 1Interval 2Interval T 2,1 1,1 3,1 4,1 2,2 1,2 3,2 4,2 2,T 1,T 3,T 4,T... Volume Release Temporally Expanded Arborescence (Rosenthal, 1981)

14. GR HydroExpert 14 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Multi-Reservoir Internal Structure

15. GR HydroExpert 15 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Network Flow Model The Water Balance Equation is represented as a node into a network flow structure. i,t x i,t x i,t-1 y i,t q i,t s i,t mu i,t ev i,t

16. GR HydroExpert 16 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Simulation Algorithm Hydro Kernel ▪ Decision Making ▫the Operational Policy determines controlled discharge and spillage. ▫water balance ex-ante (optional). ▪ Water Balance ex-post ▫verifies decisions feasibility. ▫corrections can be made. ▪ Feasible State ▫always guaranty a new feasible state. Oper. Policy Data Setup given y, x 0, t = 1 Feasible State Start End t = t+1 Decision Making (q, s : ex-ante ) Decision Corrections t ≤ T Yes No Yes Water Balance for each i (ex-post ) No Can be an Autopilot!

17. GR HydroExpert 17 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software RESERVOIR OPERATION  Simulation of Multi-Reservoir Operation The desired Generation Scheduling could change in order to satisfy the constraints feasibility. So, a new input can be done and restart the simulation process. Short Term Planning Detailed Hydro Simulator Trajectories (levels & streamflows) Check constraints feasibility Check generation scheduling towards inflow forecasting Efficiency Reports, charts and analysis Generation scheduling Gen. units dispatch Inflow forecasting

18. GR HydroExpert 18 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software HYDROSIM XP MODEL  Software The HydroSim XP simulation module is a is a multi-reservoir simulation model with multi-purpose constraints representation. The HydroSim XP is part of the Decision Support System called HydroExpert. HydroExpert Slides: 5-6

19. GR HydroExpert 19 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software ACCESS TO HYDROEXPERT  www.hydrobyte.com Click on download tab. Click on New here? Sign up link.

20. GR HydroExpert 20 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software ACCESS TO HYDROEXPERT  www.hydrobyte.com Fill up a small form and click on Submit button. You will receive a confirmation message. An additional step will be necessary to validate your e- mail address.

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22. GR HydroExpert 22 Version 1.4 ©2012 - HydroByte Software CONTACT  Contact Us www.hydrobyte.com.br www.hydrobyte.com.br See “Contact” page. www.hydrobyte.com.br