1. “The Space Race Note Outline” I. What sparked United States interest in getting into space? A. U.S.S.R launches Sputnik into space. (First Satellite to be launched into space Oct. 4 th 1957) B. U.S.S.R launches first man into space. (Yuri Gagarin first man in space April 12 th 1961)

2. * Orbit a man around Earth. * Investigate man’s ability to work in space. II. United States Space Programs : A. Mercury Program Objectives: * Recover both man and space craft safely. B. Mercury Program Information: * Mercury Freedom 7: Alan Shepard becomes first American man in space May 5 th 1961. * Mercury Freedom 6: John Glenn becomes first American man to orbit Earth Feb. 20 th 1962. * All Mercury missions were * All Mercury missions were one man missions.

3. C. Gemini Program Objectives: * Learn to maneuver a space craft in space. * Dock a space craft with another space craft. * Practice space walks. D. Gemini Program Information: * Gemini 3: Edward White becomes first American to complete a space walk. * All Gemini missions were two man missions.

4. E. Apollo Program Objectives: * Land a space craft on the moon. * Have man walk on the moon. * Return all crew to Earth Safely. * Apollo 1: Virgil “Gus” Grissom, Edward White, and Roger Chaffee die in pre-flight test fire. F. Apollo Program Information:

5. * Apollo 11: Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin make historic moon landing. * Neil & Buzz land on the moon, Michael stays behind in the command module. 21

6. * Apollo 13: James Lovell, Fred Haise, and John Sweigert experience oxygen tank explosion, which cripples their space craft. L.E.M used as a life boat, which gets astronauts home safely. * Apollo 17: Last mission to land on the moon. 1-Cernan, 2-Evans, 3-Schmidt

7. G. SPACE SHUTTLE INFO: ENTERPRISE (first built, used for tests in Earth’s atmosphere COLUMBIA (first one to enter space-1981, exploded during landing-2003) DISCOVERY (carried the Hubble telescope into space-1990) CHALLENGER (carried Sally Ride-1 st U.S. woman in space, exploded 72 seconds after launch-1986) ENDEAVOUR (built to replace the Challenger, first flight-1992 ATLANTIS (Responsible for launch of the Galileo Space Probe-1989)

8. H. Space Stations, & Probes: 1. Space Station- is a large artificial satellite on which people can live and work for long periods of time. 2. Examples: a. Sky Lab 1973-1979 b. International Space Station- 1998-present 3. Space Probes- a space craft that carries scientific instruments that can collect data on far away places which are to far for humans to travel. 4. Examples: a. Sputnik (1st USSR) c. Voyager (Outer Planets) b. Explorer (1st USA 1/31/58) d. New Horizons (Pluto)