1. Biotechnology Overview
Create a Frayer Diagram graphic organizer

2. Diagram layout Biotechnology Manipulating DNA Genomics
Genetic Engineering
Genetic Screening
Diagram layout

3. Manipulating DNA Cut DNA with restriction enzymes
At specific locations
Gel electrophoresis creates maps of the DNA
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)- copies DNA
DNA Fingerprint – molecular identification for an individual
Forensics, Paternity and kinship, study biodiversity changes.
Manipulating DNA

4. Genetic Engineering Adding or changing DNA Cloning Adding Genes
Genetically identical copy
Plants clone through regeneration; animals clone via nuclear transfer
Adding Genes
Recombinant DNA – most often uses bacterial plasmids
Transgenic organisms – contains genes from multiple organisms (i.e. GMOs)
Gene Knockout – Turning off specific genes
Genetic Engineering

5. Genomics Study of Genomes Human Genome Project
Gene sequencing – maps the order of the nucleotide sequence
Human Genome Project
Completed in 2003 (nucleotide order)
Today – locating the specific locations of genes on chromosomes
Bioinformatics – analyze biodata
DNA microarrays – analyzing many genes at once
Proteomics – study and compare protein structures based on gene information
Genomics

6. Determine the risk of having or passing on a genetic disorder
Gene Therapy – Replacing defective or missing genes
Use stem cells (bone marrow)
“suicide” genes in cancer cells
Genetic Counseling – Use information from gene sequencing to counsel individuals about genetic risk factors.
Genetic Screening