1. Introduction to Beef

2. Youtube; Beef Commercial

3. Essential Question
What is a breed?

4. What is a breed?
The classic definition of a breed is: animals that, through selection and breeding, have come to resemble one another and pass their traits uniformly to their offspring

5. Important Terms to Know
A Mature Male is called a:
Bull
A Mature Female is called a:
Cow
The act of Giving Birth is called:
Calving
Gestation =
283 days
A Castrated Male is called a:
Steer
An Immature Female is called a:
Heifer

6. Group Discussion
Discuss in your small group and write down what you think a trait is. What traits do you think are important in identifying cattle breeds?

7. What is the actual definition?
After your in-depth discussion on traits, compare your ideas with the actual definition: A Trait is: a distinguishing characteristic within a specific breed of cattle

8. Classification and Identification of Beef Cattle Breeds

9. OBJECTIVES
To be able to Classify Beef Cattle Breeds into Bos Taurus or Bos Indicus .
To be able to Classify Beef Cattle Breeds into British, European.
To be able to Determine or Give the Make up of Certain Composite Breeds.
To Give the Attributes of Specific Breeds.

10. Classification Why do we Need It
We classify everything. Example Automobiles
We Break them down into Cars and Trucks, How can we break them down even further.

11. Classification Of Automobiles

12. CLASSIFICATION OF BEEF CATTLE

13. PUREBRED Recognized family line of an animal Unmixed
Parents are standards of the breed
Eligible for registration in a breed association

14. CROSSBREEDING
Definition: Mating of 2 purebred animals to form a cross. Crossbreeding is used to emphasize, extract, and design desired traits or characteristics that are reflected in the offspring.
The offspring of crossbreeding, is known as a crossbred.

15. Popular BRITISH BREEDS OF BEEF CATTLE
Hereford
Black Angus
Shorthorn

16. Popular EUROPEAN BREEDS OF BEEF CATTLE
Simmental
Charolais

17. Popular ZEBU BREEDS OF BEEF CATTLE
Grey Brahman

18. BOS TAURUS BEEF BREEDS
BRITISH / EUROPEAN

19. Hereford Originated in England Red with white points Horned usually
Known for pink eye
Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification

20. Black Angus Native to Angus (near Scotland)
Most popular beef breed in the US
Always black in color
Can produce Red Angus
Known for Marbling Ability
Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification

21. Shorthorn Originated in England White to red in color
Roane Color, very popular for show heifers.
Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification

22. Simmental First recorded in Switzerland Large body mass
Light red to dark red with white points
Known for Maternal Characteristics
Bos Taurus / European Breed Classification

24. BOS INDICUS BEEF BREEDS
ZEBU

25. Brahman Developed in the United States Breeds from India used
Light gray or red to black
Known for Mothering Ability
Bos Indicus Classification

26. Activity Design your own breed!
Complete your worksheet with designing your own beef cattle breed
Complete Beef Crossword Puzzle when finished

27. Beef Crossword

28. Review Of Beef Cattle Classification
Cattle are Classified into Two Groups
The Bos Taurus Classification includes what two Groups?
What are some Breeds Attributes?

29. Beef Anatomy

30. Warm Up A cows horns are called :
A Cow, A Chicken, A Horse and A Dog all have THIS anatomical part in common. What is it?

31. Objectives Review basic cattle anatomy both gross and digestive
Identify location of cuts of meat on a beef animal

32. Essential Question
Name 4 different cuts of meat you can find in the grocery store.

33. Review: Remember Dairy Anatomy?

34. Rumen Largest of 4 compartments Its Job :FERMENTATION Papillae lining
Continuous mixing and moving
Anaerobic environment/Diverse bacterial pop.
Breaks down fibrous feed in volatile fatty acids
Papillae lining
Nonfunctional at birth , shunted off

35. Reticulum Feed boluses come from here Honeycomb appearance
Its Job : REGURGITATION
Regurgitation from rumen to mouth
Expulsion to omasum
Fermentation gases

36. . Omasum Many folds Its Job: REDUCE Reduces particle size
Absorb some water, minerals
Why would you reduce particle size?

37. . Abomasum “True Stomach” Glandular , meaning it secretes
Does your stomach excrete anything? Why ?
Its Job: DIGESTION
Begin digestion here
Feed leaves abomasum and enters the small intestine where further digestion takes place
Feed leaving abomasum is high in water content
Why do you think this happens?

38. How does this all work?

39. Beef Meat
The meat from mature bovines that are generally over 12 months of age
Remember that Bovine = Cow!!

40. Cuts of Meat

41. In Your Freezer
Chuck
Brisket
Ribs
Sirloin Joint

42. Food Safety in the Beef Industry
FDA: Monitors use of animal drugs by the livestock industry
FSIS: Inspects livestock and carcasses for meat safety

43. Beef Meat Project You will be assigned a cut of beef.
Find a recipe on the internet that uses the cut of meat you were assigned. OR
Find a Product for purchase that contains your cut of meat. Be sure to include what type of meat it is ( Angus etc) and the company that makes the product and its relative price.

44. Vocabulary Sheet Brisket, Tenderloin, Chuck
Put your name and the date on the top.
Define the following words:
Brisket, Tenderloin, Chuck
Turn in when finished. Due at the end of class. Free time after you’re finished .

45. Beef Industry

46. Objectives Identify levels of beef industry and their purpose
Produce the correct chain of events beef cattle follow from farm to factory.

47. Essential Question
What is the end goal when feeding and caring for cattle?
How to farmers achieve this goal?

48. Cuts of Meat Review

49. The Beef Industry
The average size beef herd is around 100 head.

50. The beef industry
In the US there are over forty different breeds as well as many crosses of these breeds.

51. 4 Major Segments: purebred operations cow-calf operations
stocker operations
feedlot operations

52. Purebred operations
Purpose is to produce seed stock cattle.

53. Cow-Calf operations:
Most calves produced are crossbreeds from purebred parents of different breeds.

54. Stocker operations:
Provide a step between the weaning of calves and slaughter.

55. Feed them right Grass fed vs. grain fed vs. a mixed ration
Feedstuffs are items that when mixed together can provide a Total Mixed Raton
Some feedstuffs include
Bone and Meat Meal
Feather Meal
Molasses
Cottonseed
Corn
Soybean meal
Distiller’s Grain
MUCH MORE
Why you feed your animals a mix of different things?
Feed examples from UD farm???

56. Feedlot operations:
Final phase before the animals are sent to slaughter.

57. Watch them grow
Average daily gain: Pounds of weight gained per day

58. What does it look like?
It is March 1st. Your beef cow’s ADG is 5 pounds per day. On April 1st, how much will your cow weigh?
In 30 days your beef cow is going to market and needs to weigh 1300 pounds. It currently weighs 1000 pounds. What does your ADG need to be for your cow to be ready for market in 30 days??

59. Feedlot operation

60. Problems?
What problems could occur with so many animals in one place?

61. Management Practices
Ear Tagging
Branding
Tattooing
Registration

65. Vocabulary REVIEW Cow-Calf Production: own cows, sell weaner calves
Stocker: buy weaner calves, sell yearlings
Feedlot Finishing: buy calves, fatten, sell to slaughter house

66. Hobby farms Farm is not the main source of income ($) for the owner.
Most Delaware Cattle farms are hobby farms

67. Write a 1 page paper on the following:
Writing Prompt
Write a 1 page paper on the following:
You are a beef cattle producer. Explain the process your cow will follow from farm to factory. Be sure to include what steps you will take to make sure you get the most money for your beef cows.
You should include topics like: breed you have chosen and why, what your animals live in, nutrition information, and who your marketing to. Use correct vocabulary!

68. Important to know!
Beef cattle reproduce through: Artificial Insemination
Beef are Flight Animals
We use their Flight Zone to move them
Hormones are injected and monitored by the : FDA

69. Vocabulary Sheet Herd Branding Registration Average Daily Gain Feedlot
BSE
Finishing
Cow/Calf Operation
Hobby Farm

70. Test Review
Vocab: Herd, Branding, Registration, Average Daily Gain, Feedlot, BSE, Cow/Calf Operation, Hobby Farm, Crossbreeding
1. What are the parts of the beef digestion tract?
2. What are the major cuts of Beef?
3. What is the purpose of a feedlot?
4. What are the 4 major management practices in Beef cattle?