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State Standard SB4A. Investigate the relationships among organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems, and biomes. Terrestrial Biomes (3.2)
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EFFECTS OF LATITUDE/CLIMATE 1 Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a specific place and time. 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes One of the keys to understanding these communities is to be aware of latitude and climatic conditions. Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Chapter 3
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The distance of any point on the surface of Earth north or south from the equator is latitude. Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 EFFECTS OF LATITUDE/CLIMATE 2 - Latitude
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The average weather conditions in an area, including temperature and precipitation, describe the area’s climate. Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems The graph shows how temperature and precipitation influence the communities. 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 EFFECTS OF LATITUDE/CLIMATE 3 - Climate
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Biomes are classified by 3 factors: plant life temperature precipitation Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 MAJOR LAND BIOMES 1
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Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Tundra Abiotic factors: soggy summers; permafrost; cold and dark much of the year Temp: Very low Precipitation: Very low Plant Life: Treeless, short grasses, shallow-rooted shrubs Animal Life: Caribou, polar bears, birds, insects, wolves, trout, salmon Location: South of the polar ice caps in the Northern hemisphere 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 MAJOR LAND BIOMES 2 - Tundra
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Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Boreal Forest Abiotic factors: short/moist summers long/cold/dry winters *** AKA Taiga or Northern Coniferous Forest *** Temp: Low Precipitation: Low Plant Life: Spruce & Fir (Christmas) trees, decidous trees, small shrubs Animal Life: birds, moose, beavers, deer, wolverines, mountain lions Location: Northern part of North America, Europe, Asia 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 MAJOR LAND BIOMES 3 – Boreal Forest
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Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Temperate Forest Abiotic factors: well-defined seasons; hot summers, cold winters ***AKA Temperate Decidous Forest*** Temp: Moderate Precipitation: Moderate Plant Life: Deciduous trees (oak/maple/beech), shrubs Animal Life: squirrels, rabbits, skunks, birds, deer, foxes, black bear Location: South of boreal forest in eastern N. America, eastern Asia, Australia, & Europe 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 MAJOR LAND BIOMES 4 – Temperate Forest
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Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Temperate Woodland/Shrubland Abiotic factors: Hot, dry summers; cool, wet winters Temp: Moderate Precipitation: Low Plant Life: Evergreens, shrubs, corn oak Animal Life: foxes, jackrabbits, birds, bobcats, coyotes, lizards, snakes, butterflies Location: surrounds Mediterranean Sea, western coasts of North & South America, South Africa, & Australia 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 MAJOR LAND BIOMES 5 – Temperate Woodland/Shrubland
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Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Temperate Grassland Abiotic factors: hot summers, cold winters, fires Temp: moderate Precipitation: moderate to low Plant Life: grasses & herbs Animal Life: gazelles, bison, horses, lions, deer, mice coyotes, foxes, wolves, birds, snakes, grasshoppers, spiders Location: North & South America, Asia, Africa, Australia 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 MAJOR LAND BIOMES 6 – Temperate Grassland
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Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Desert Abiotic factors: dry; widely variable temperature from day to night Temp: Very High to low Precipitation: Very low Plant Life: cacti, Joshua trees, succulents Animal Life: lizards, bobcats, birds, tortoises, rats, antelope, desert toads Location: every continent except Europe 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 MAJOR LAND BIOMES 7 - Desert
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Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Tropical Savanna Abiotic factors: hot/rainy summers; cool/dry winters ***Think “Lion King”*** Temp: Very high Precipitation: Moderately Low Plant Life: grasses & scattered trees Animal Life: lions, hyenas, cheetahs, elephants, giraffes, zebras, birds, insects Location: Africa, South America, & Australia 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 MAJOR LAND BIOMES 8 – Tropical Savanna
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Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Tropical Seasonal Forest Abiotic factors: seasonal rainfall Temp: Very High Precipitation: Moderate Plant Life: deciduous & evergreen trees, orchids, mosses Animal Life: elephants, tigers, monkeys, koalas, rabbits, frogs, spiders Location: Africa, Asia, Australia, South & Central America 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 MAJOR LAND BIOMES 9 – Tropical Seasonal Forest
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Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Tropical Rain Forest Abiotic factors: humid all year; hot/wet Temp: Very High Precipitation: Very High Plant Life: broadleaf evergreens, bamboo, sugar cane Animal Life: chimps, Bengal tigers, elephants, toucans, bats, orangutans, sloths, snakes, insects Location: Central & South America, southern Asia, western Africa, & northeastern Australia 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 MAJOR LAND BIOMES 10 – Tropical Rain Forest ***Biome with the most biodiversity***
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Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Mountains If you go up a mountain, temperature and precipitation will change with increasing elevation. An increase in altitude has the same effect as an increase in latitude. The highest points on a mountain will resemble the tundra. 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 OTHER TERRESTRIAL AREAS 1 ***Be able to explain this diagram***
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Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Polar Regions Border the tundra at high latitudes Polar regions are cold all year. Penguins in Antarctica 3.2 Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 3 OTHER TERRESTRIAL AREAS 2
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