1. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc. 1 Computers: Information Technology in Perspective, 11e Larry Long and Nancy Long Chapter 6 Information Input and Output

2. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.2 Objectives Once you have read and studied this chapter, you will have learned:  The operation and application of common input devices.  The operation and application of common output devices.  The scope of and technology for multimedia applications.  The breadth of assistive input/output technology for disabled people.

3. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.3 Why this chapter is important to you! Understanding what input/output devices are available will enable you to take full advantage of your computer Learning about input/output devices can help you make informed decisions related to ergonomic purchases Using certain input/output devices can help you to be more productive at work and in your personal life

4. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.4 Input Devices Input devices translate our data and communications into a form that the computer can understand The computer processes the data Output devices translate the data back into a form we can understand

5. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.5 The Keyboard Two types of keyboards:  Alphanumeric Typical keyboard has 101 keys 12 function keys Special-function keys Cursor-control key  Special-function Designed for specific application  Example: cash register

6. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.6 Point-and-Draw Devices GUI lets you point and click With a mouse you can draw, drag and drop, click, and double-click A mouse can have one or two buttons, and some have a wheel for scrolling

7. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.7 Additional Point-and-Draw DevicesTrackpad Digitizer Tablet and Pen Joystick Trackball Trackpoint Photos Courtesy of: Imation Corporation Imation Corporation Houston Instrument Div. AMETEK, Inc.Houston Instrument Div. AMETEK, Inc. Advanced Gravis Computer Technology Ltd.Advanced Gravis Computer Technology Ltd.

8. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.8 Scanners Scanners read and interpret information on printed matter The information is converted to a format for storage

9. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.9 OCR and Bar Code Scanners Optical character recognition (OCR)  Reads coded information and text  Types Contact and Laser  Handheld  Label  Document

10. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.10 Optical Mark Recognition Grades test Checks survey  The sense marks are compared on the test by the scanner  Corrections are calculated

11. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.11 Optical Scanners Digitizes an image Image processing  Manipulates and manages the scanned image Two types:  Page image scanners Works like a copy machine  Hand image scanners Rolled over the image

12. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.12 Image Processing Eliminating the paper pile  Once scanned in documents can be easily retrieved  Once scanned in documents and images can be manipulated

13. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.13 Magnetic Stripes and Smart Cards Magnetic stripes on the back of bank cards and ID badges are encoded with data When they are swiped the device reads the card Smart cards look like a regular bank card, but contain 32 KB of memory

14. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.14 Speech Recognition Today’s speech-recognition software will record a person speaking up to 125 words a minute Considered the newest “killer application” Includes:  Software  Generic vocabulary database  High-quality microphone Speaker-dependent system  Need to train systems Speaker-independent systems  Limited capabilities

15. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.15 Pattern Recognition Uses a camera to digitize the image Stores digitized image in a database Continually compares new images to stored images in database Suited to very specialized tasks like quality-control inspections

16. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.16 Digital Cameras Captures still and video imagery  Good digital camera costs as little as $200  Memory cards or memory sticks can be uploaded to a PC  Photos can then be inserted in a document, e- mailed to family or more

17. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.17 Desktop Video Cameras Captures motion video in the area of the PC Two purposes  Videophone  Webcams

18. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.18 Digital Camcorders Video is stored on a digital tape that can be uploaded to a PC Costs are from $500 to $1000

19. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.19 Handheld and Wearable Data Entry Devices Actually a small computer which includes:  Limited external keyboard or soft keyboard  Small display (touch sensitive)  Storage capacity (flash memory)  Scanning device for OCR Capture data and upload to a central computer

20. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.20 Touch Screen Monitors Touch screen monitors have pressure-sensitive overlays that detects pressure Users touch the icon or menu item to make their selections

21. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.21 Output Devices Monitors Printers Sound systems Voice-response systems

22. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.22 Monitors CRT monitors  Excellent resolution  Larger size Flat-panel monitor  Found on all notebooks  More expensive  Takes up less space

23. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.23 Graphics Adapters Device controller for the monitor Inserted into expansion slot Most graphics adapters have their own video RAM (VRAM) Size of video RAM is important  VRAM determines the number of possible colors and the resolution of the display

24. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.24 Monitor Size 15 inch 17 inch 19 inch 21 inch The bigger the more costs

25. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.25 Monitor Resolution 1024 pixels 768pixels Students are great! The size of the screen image is measured in pixels.

26. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.26 Monitor Resolution – Bits Used Grayscale RGB monitors Color depth  8-bit (246 colors)  16-bit (high color, 65,536 colors)  24-bit or 32-bit (true color, >16 million colors)

27. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.27 Monitor Resolution-Dot Pitch The distance between centers of adjacent pixels..28mm (millimeters) or less is recommended Higher Resolution Low Resolution

28. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.28 Refresh Rate The number of times per second the screen image is redrawn Faster refresh rates have fewer flickers and is easier on the eyes

29. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.29 LCD Projectors Presentation graphics Multimedia projectors  LCD panels  LCD projectors

30. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.30 Wearable Displays Wireless headset RSD  Screen outside the eye  Addresses the retina with a stream of pixels Uses  For privacy  Gather information while still working

31. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.31 Printers Printers produce hard- copy such as term papers, reports, labels, and more… Considerations:  Budget  Black/white or color  Volume  Quality  Special needs  Network considerations

32. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.32 Page Printers Nonimpact Laser, LED, LCS High speed 4-32 ppm Near-typeset-quality 600 dpi to 1200 dpi

33. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.33 Ink-Jet Printers Nonimpact Budget-minded consumer’s choice 1200 dpi for black/white 4800 dpi for color

34. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.34 Other Printers Dot-matrix  Prints one character at a time All-in-one  Print  Fax  Scan  Copy

35. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.35 Sound Systems Today’s PCs  Play DVD movies  Record and play CDs and MP3 music

36. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.36 Voice Response Systems Two Types:  Reproduction of human voice and sounds  Speech synthesis (text-to-speech software)

37. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.37 Multimedia Multimedia experience:  The Internet  Video editing  Presentations  Kiosks  Tutorials  Online references  Family photo album  Entertainment center Multimedia growth:  Video cameras  Synthesizer  Video capture card  Scanner  CD-RW/DVD-RW Multimedia files  Text files  Sound files  Image files  Animation files

38. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.38 Technology for the Disabled

39. Copyright Prentice Hall, Inc.39 Summary Input devices Output devices The multimedia experience Technology for the disabled