1. Reducing cloud computing's carbon emissions in the business world Francine Bennett | Mastodon C

2. Who are Mastodon C? London-based startup Tools and services to make businesses' cloud computing massively greener Corporate mission: to reduce global emissions by 1%

3. 'Public cloud' computing

4. Cloud computing is growing fast Source: The Economist

5. Carbon emissions are growing fast Year Source: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Centre

6. "The world is locking itself into an unsustainable energy future which would have far-reaching consequences" International Energy Agency, November 2011

7. Source: McKinsey & Co IT is a big contributor to emissions

9. © 2006 Bruno & Lígia Rodrigues

10. Why target cloud computing? Usage is tripling year on year Major differences between cloud service providers Work is mobile and switching costs are low

11. Making it happen

12. The footprint of a cloud server Power draw of server PUE* of data centre Power source * Power Usage Effectiveness

13. What is PUE? 2KW used by servers Power for cooling, security, lighting, etc Data centre 4KW goes in Other energy losses

15. What is PUE? 2KW used by servers Power for cooling, security, lighting, etc Data centre 4KW goes in Other energy losses

16. Source: Amee/Defra How much do power sources differ? Grid emissions per kWh, by country

17. The footprint of a cloud server Power draw of server PUE of data centre Power source

18. "While this sounds like an interesting project, I'm afraid we don't make these sorts of data points available."

19. "OK, no problem. Is there any public industry data which you regard as high quality, which you would recommend if we're making estimates? Also would be great to know if [Company] has any green power or efficiency initiatives which we should be aware of in our modelling."

20. "While this sounds like an interesting project, I'm afraid we don't make these sorts of data points available." "OK, no problem. Is there any public industry data which you regard as high quality, which you would recommend if we're making estimates? Also would be great to know if [Company] has any green power or efficiency initiatives which we should be aware of in our modelling." "None that I'm aware of, but we continually and relentlessly seek even more efficient operations."

21. Determinants of footprint

22. Multiplier effect Physical design

23. Determinants of footprint Multiplier effect Physical design1.6

24. Determinants of footprint Multiplier effect Physical design1.6 Utilisation

25. Determinants of footprint Multiplier effect Physical design1.6 Utilisation1.2

26. Determinants of footprint Multiplier effect Physical design1.6 Utilisation1.2 Local climate

27. Determinants of footprint Multiplier effect Physical design1.6 Utilisation1.2 Local climate2.0

28. Determinants of footprint Multiplier effect Physical design1.6 Utilisation1.2 Local climate2.0 Power source

29. Determinants of footprint Multiplier effect Physical design1.6 Utilisation1.2 Local climate2.0 Power source 8.0

30. Determinants of footprint

31. The footprint of a cloud server Power draw of server PUE of data centre Power source

32. The footprint of a cloud server Power draw 380W PUE of data centre Power source

33. The footprint of a cloud server Power draw 380W PUE 1.5 + cooling Power source

34. The footprint of a cloud server Power draw 380W PUE 1.5 + cooling Power source depends on location

35. picture of oregon here © Wendell Ojai 2010

36. The footprint of a cloud server

40. This is Bruce.

41. Bruce needs to make his cloud computing greener.

42. Bruce's problems Latency Legal and data protection Cost FUD* and greenwash Lack of data *Fear, uncertainty, and doubt

43. Solving Bruce's problems Latency Legal and data protection Cost FUD* and greenwash Lack of data *Fear, uncertainty, and doubt

44. Solving Bruce's problems Latency Legal and data protection Cost FUD* and greenwash Lack of data *Fear, uncertainty, and doubt

45. Solving Bruce's problems Latency Legal and data protection Cost FUD* and greenwash Lack of data *Fear, uncertainty, and doubt

46. Isn't the cloud green already? Cloud computation is more efficient than using your own servers Cloud computation is greener than using your own servers

47. Isn't the cloud green already? Cloud computation is more efficient than using your own servers Cloud computation is greener than using your own servers

48. efficient green

49. From Time inc

50. © ThinkGeoEnergy

51. Isn't the cloud green already? Hardware efficiency is improving rapidly Footprint will drop to insignificant levels

52. William Stanley Jevons 1835-1882

53. 2012 Simeon Bennett

54. Isn't the cloud green already? Hardware efficiency is improving rapidly Footprint will drop to insignificant levels

55. Solving Bruce's problems Latency Legal and data protection Cost FUD* and greenwash Lack of data *Fear, uncertainty, and doubt

56. Per Year, Virginia (AWS East) ==

57. The footprint of a cloud server

58. Solving Bruce's problems Latency Legal and data protection Cost FUD* and greenwash Lack of data *Fear, uncertainty, and doubt

59. Wrap up and summary

60. Recap Cloud computing is growing; its footprint is big; its footprint is a big part of global total emissions Cloud vendors are not willing to share data, but we can make good estimates Power source is the most important factor There are some dangerous myths. In particular, efficient doesn't mean green, and Jevons' paradox can swallow future efficiency gains We can put this all together to make businesses' cloud computing greener

61. Source: McKinsey & Co IT is a big contributor to emissions

62. From Time inc

63. © ThinkGeoEnergy

64. 1%

65. We're on a mission to reduce global emissions by 1% "Herds of intelligent roaming compute jobs, migrating from datacentre to datacentre, in search of cold iron." @mrchrisadams Francine Bennett www.mastodonc.com @MastodonC @fhr