1. Chapter 2: Safety and Injury Prevention
Lessons 1-5

2. PEBPE Standards
PEBPE1.c
The learner will demonstrate correct form in all flexibility, cardiovascular, and strength training exercises.
PEBPE3.a
The learner will participate in fitness assessment and developmentally appropriate health-related fitness activities.
PEBPE3.b
The learner will accumulate the recommended minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity outside of physical education class (60min daily).
PEBPE3.c
The learner will participate regularly in all fitness activities while dressing safely/appropriately, and actively engage in all practice and exercise settings.

3. PeBpe Standards continued
PEBPE4.a
The learner will perform each health-related fitness assessment test with the proper form.
PEBPE4.d
The learner will implement a comprehensive fitness plan and adjust FITT Principles (frequency, intensity, type, time) and Principles of Conditioning (specificity, overload, progression) necessary to maintain a healthy level of fitness.
PEBPE4.f
The learner will design an exercise program based upon age, gender, and current levels of fitness.
PEBPE4.g
The learner will use available technologies to assess, enhance, and maintain health-related and skill-related fitness.

4. Chapter 2: Safety and Injury Prevention
Key Vocabulary:
Medical Screening
Obesity
Chronic Disease
Asthma
Hernia
Medical History
Heat Stroke Fluid Balance
Dehydration
Heat Stroke
Heat Cramps
Substance Abuse
Topics For The Unit
Personal Fitness Screening
Environmental Concerns
Safety Gear and Clothing
Preventing Fitness Injuries
Avoiding Harmful Substances

5. Essential Questions
What medical Screening tests do you think teens need before starting a physical activity or exercise program?
Why do you think these tests are important?

6. Lesson 1: Personal Fitness Screenings
Medical Screening
A basic assessment of a person’s overall Health and personal fitness.
Includes
Physical examination
Measures individual’s physical readiness for strenuous activity
Preciously undetected medical problems.

7. Lesson 1: Personal Fitness Screenings
Who should have a Medical Screen.
People with poor lifestyle habits
People who are physically inactive.
People over 40
People who are overweight or suffer from obesity.
Obesity: a medical condition in which a person's ratio of body fat to lean muscle mass is excessively high.
People with a known chronic disease.
Asthma
Medical Screen Timetable
Age Frequency of Screening
6 to Every 3 years
16 to Every 2 years
35 to Once a year
60 and up Twice a year

8. Lesson 1: Personal Fitness Screenings
What Happens During a Medical Screening
A complete blood count, or CBC.
Your Height and Weight
An examination of your eyes, ears, nose, and Throat
Your Blood Pressure.
An examination of our lungs to make sure they are clear
An examination of your heart to make sure the heartbeat is regular and normal
For males, Hernia Test
Medical History:
A record of past health problems and illness.
Heredity

9. Lesson2: Environmental Concerns
Environmental Conditions and Physical Activity
Extreme heat and Fluid Balance
Your body produces heat during physical Activity
You Sweat to reduce you increased body temperature
Fluid Balance:
The body’s ability to balance the amounts of fluid taken in with the amounts lost through perspiration or excretion.
Dehydration:
Loss of body fluid
Heat Cramps:
Are muscle spasms resulting from the loss of large amounts of salt and water through perspiration.
Heat Exhaustion:
An overheating of the body resulting in cold, clammy skin and symptoms of shock. (Weakness, headache, rapid pulse, stomach discomfort, dizziness)
Heat stroke:
A condition in which the body can no longer rid itself of heat through perspiration. (Loss of consciousness) (MOST SERIOUS)
Heat Exhaustion: Should not resume physical activity for 2-3 days.
Heat Stroke: Call 911, Put the person in a cold place and sponge the person with cold water.

10. Lesson2: Environmental Concerns
How to Avoid Heat-Related Injury
Acclimatization:
the process of allowing your body to adapt slowly to weather conditions.
Takes 5 to 10 days for your body to get acclimated to weather conditions.
Fluid intake:
Your body can loss up to 3 liters of water per hour through perspiration.
Water intake recommendations
Before: cups of cool water or sports drink 10 to 20 minutes before exercise.
1 Cup = 8 Ounces
During: Depending on the work out. 1.5 to 3.5 cups of water every hour.
After: Drink 2 cups of water or sports drink for every pound lost.
Avoid carbonated drinks and beverages that contain caffeine.

11. Lesson2: Environmental Concerns
How to Avoid Heat-Related Injury continued…
Clothing:
Heat:
Light weight material.
Dry-Fit clothing
Loose-fitting
Light in color
Setting limits:
Heat-stress index: is a scientific measure of the combined effects of heat and humidity on the body
Check out the chart on the next slide.

12. Lesson2: Environmental Concerns

13. Lesson2: Environmental Concerns
Physical Activity in Extreme Cold
Hypothermia:
A condition in which your body temperature drops below normal.
Long exposure in windy or rainy weather.
Body temperature becomes to low and the brain cannot function properly.
Frostbite:
Tissue damage from freezing
Wind Chill Factor:
The combined influence of wind and temperature on the body.
Refer to the Chart on the next slide.

14. Lesson2: Environmental Concerns

15. Lesson2: Environmental Concerns
Other Outdoor Environmental Concerns
Air pollution
Lung Disease: increase risk by exercising outside and inhaling pollutants
Check Air Quality Index
Workout indoors
Altitude
Higher altitudes (5,000 feet above see level) = lower oxygen levels.
Remember: Trainability
Personal Safety
Exercise in well-lit areas.
Exercise with friends
Avoid isolated trails or paths
Unleashed Dogs
“bad dog! Stop!”

16. Lesson 3: Safety Gear and clothing
Climbing or hiking
Durable clothing
Stretching or Bending
Clothing that is comfortable to move in.
Outdoor Activities
Breathable fabric (dry fit)
Absorbing perspiration (cotton)
Warm or Cool depending on weather
Water-Resistant and light weight
Sport Specific

17. Lesson 3: Safety Gear and clothing
Footwear
Sport Specific
Type of Arch
Stride Irregularities
Safety Equipment
Helmet
Knee and Elbow Pads

18. Lesson 4: Preventing Fitness Injuries
Biomechanics:
Is the study and application of principles of physics to human motion.
Correct Jogging form:
Elbows Flexed no more than 90 to 100 degrees.
Body erect; arms, shoulders, and neck relaxed.
Hands held loosely.
Heel to toe.

19. Lesson 4: Preventing Fitness Injuries
Common fitness Injuries and Treatments
Skin Injuries
Muscle Injuries
Connective Tissue Injuries
Treatment For Connective Tissue Injuries
Rest the Injured area.
Ice the area to reduce swelling.
Compress the area by wrapping it in an elastic bandage.
Elevate, or raise, the body part.
Skin Injury: cuts, scrapes, bruises, and blisters.
Muscle Injuries: Muscle Cramp. Mineral imbalance or dehydration. Side Stitch.
Connective tissue: Tendons Muscle to bone. Ligaments Bone to Bone. Cartilage is the tissue that surrounds the ends of bones.
Shinsplint: inflammation of a tendon or muscle in the leg.

20. Lesson 4: Preventing Fitness Injuries
Injuries to Bone

21. Lesson 5: Avoiding harmful substances
Anabolic Steroids
Chemicals similar in structure to the male hormone testosterone.
Athletes sometimes use steroids in an attempt to increase weight, strength, and muscle mass.
Effects of Anabolic Steroids
Male
Female
Lower Sperm Count
Infertility
Smaller Testicles
Deeper Voice
Increased Risk of Testicle or Prostate Cancer
More Facial Hair
Larger Breasts
Smaller Breasts