1. Many congratulations for the 2008 ACP Japan Chapter Meeting Tokyo, Japan, April 12, ‘08 Atsuko HESHIKI, M.D., Ph.D. President, MWIA

2. Empowering Women Physicians; improving working conditions & enhancing leader Leadership in the advanced and highly specialized field

3. MWIA Medical Women’s International Association Founded in 1919 By 3 American Women Physicians In New York 86 member countries with 100, 000 members NGO of WHO and UN

4. Scenario of my Talk 1. Where are we standing 2. My personal career 3. What are we doing 4. My expectation and Outcome

5. 1. Where are we standing 1. Newly Licensed Women Physicians 2. Uneven Distribution 3. Women Physicians in Academia 4. Women Physicians in Medical Society

6. Newly Licensed Women Physicians (%)

7. Women Physician in Recent Years Total number 2004 42410 2008 52514 Under age 29 2004 9164 2008 19250

8. Age distribution in OB-GYN 医学界新聞 ‘ ０７ 倉智博久教授

9. Women Physicians in Academia (2005) Clinical Medicine Basic & Social Science Professor 44 41 Associate Professor 53 87

10. Women Physicians in Academia (2005) ， (2003) Clinical Medicine Basic & Social Science Professor 44 52 41 32 Associate Professor 53 73 87 64

11. Women Physician’s in Medical Society Percentage of Women members above 30% 1. Ophthalmology 2. Dermatology 3. Hospital Management 4. Pediatric Neurology 5. Hematology ( transfusion ) 6. Pediatrics. 15. Radiology 15.9%

12. Executive Board and Board Members in Medical Society Extremely Limited !

13. Executive Board members in Medical Society Ophthalmology 5 males and 2 females Japan Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 17 males and 3 females

14. Board members in Medical Society male female Medical education 18 2 Anatomy 12 1 Nuclear Medicine 17 1 Ophthalmology 7 1 Infectious Disease 13 1 Plastic surgery 13 1 Public health 27 3

15. 2. My career Professor and Chair of Radiology ( 1987-2006) Associate Professor ( 1974) Assistant Professor Resident Intern Medical Student ( graduated in 1964 )

16. Suggestions for your future career 1.Your philosophy your scenario your will strong decision making your commitment 2. Mentor 3. Role Model 4. Working Environment

17. Requests to improve your career(%) from questionnaires of JMWA ( 03) female （ male ） Child care facility 63.4 （ 21.0 ） Clarification of working condition 50.5 （ 65.1 ） Mental innovation of the environment 38.7 （ 51.6 ） Clarification of the status 27.2 （ 46.8 ） Information networking 26.5 （ 25.8 ）

18. 3. What are we doing? Gender Equality Bureau Cabinet Office 男女共同参画推進連絡会議 http://www.gender.go.jp/

19. Strategies of the Cabinet Office 1. Work-life Balance 2. Promotion of Work-life Balance 3. Evaluation of the Outcome.

20. (1) Seminars “ career design seminar for future women physician” Dec. 9, 2007 * presentation by accomplished women physicians * emphasized the value of coordinator physician

21. (2)Implementation of the Office at University Hospitals and Hospitals to promote women physician to continue her career. Women physicians are appointed as the chief or the director.

22. (3) Fund and Grant Ministry of Education and Science Promote the Support of Women Physicians Tokyo Women’s Medical University headed by Prof. Dr. Kayoko Saito. * received fund from 2006 for 3 year period * re-education, support during child care, improve working environment, and continuous education

23. (4) “ Women Physician’s Bank ” Initiated by Ministry of Health and Labor Conducted by Japan Medical Association Job offering 1340 Job seeking 278 matched 60 by Feb. 29, 2008

24. ４． Outcome and Expectation The Johns Hopkins Hospital Appointed Women Surgical Chair, 2007 in over 100 years history yet “Women Leaves Science due to Family Obligation and Lack of Confidence” from RSNA News ’08 RSNANEWS. ORG even at UN

25. HDI( Human Development Index) Normalized Measure of Life expectancy Literacy Education Standard of Living GDP per capita Well-being Child welfare Economic policies on quality of life

26. GEM (Gender Empowerment Measure) Measurement of inequality between men’s and women’s opportunities in a country: 1. political participation and decision making 2. economic participation and decision making 3. power over economic resources

27. GEM No. 1 Norway 0.932 No.10 USA 0.808 No.42 Japan 0.557

28. Outcome and Expectation Still a long way to go Effort! Effort with strong Will ! I will not say I fight against……

29. Thank you for your attention Good Luck for your future Career