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3. Guidance Notes for Teachers Some indication of content and range at level 1 and 2 is shown on the next slide. Relevant slides show all the diagrams/questions/answers that are required. End slides have student question sheets and a teacher question/answer sheet. End slides have printable worksheets for students. Calculator symbols are suggestions only and could be removed depending on the group. The vast majority of questions in this presentation are designed to be non- calculator. Generic Advice: The preparation below is advisable in the majority of presentations. 1.Print off the teacher question and answer sheets/worksheets 2.Print off the student question sheets/worksheets 3.Run through the presentation yourself answering the questions 4.Decide how you are going to deliver the presentation. (a) Are you going to go through it from start to finish with the class, perhaps using it as an example/demonstration of functional maths and focusing on the development of the processing skills involved at each stage? (b) Are you going to use only part of the presentation? (c) Are you simply going to use the presentation to introduce the activity and let the class work on their own through the question sheets but refer to some of the elements/answers within the presentation when needed? 5.Remember the slides are editable so if you wish to introduce an open question/small investigation of your own then simply choose the relevant slide add/delete your own text (using a text box if needed).

4. Content and Skills Coverage and range: Level 1 Understand and use whole numbers and recognise negative numbers in practical contexts Add, subtract, multiply and divide using a range of mental methods Multiply and divide whole numbers by 10 and 100 using mental arithmetic Understand and use equivalences between common fractions, decimals and percentages Add and subtract decimal up to two decimal places Solve simple problems involving ratio, where one number is a multiple of the other Use simple formulae expressed in words for one- or two-step operations Solve problems requiring calculation with common measures including money, time, length, weight, capacity and temperature Convert units of measure in the same system Work out areas, perimeters and volumes in practical situations Construct models and draw shapes, measuring and drawing angles and identifying line symmetry Extract and interpret information from tables, diagrams, charts and graphs Collect and record discrete data and organise and represent information in different ways Find mean and range Use probability to show that some events are more likely to occur than others Understand outcomes, check calculations and explain results Understand and use positive and negative numbers of any size in practical contexts Carry out calculations with numbers of any size in practical contexts Understand, use and calculate ratio and proportion, including problems involving scale Understand and use equivalences between fractions, decimals and percentages Add and subtract fractions; add, subtract, multiply and divide decimals to a given number of decimal places Understand and use simple equations and simple formulae involving one- or two-step operations Recognise and use 2D representations of 3D objects. Find area, perimeter and volume of common shapes Use, convert and calculate using metric and, where appropriate, imperial measures Collect and represent discrete and continuous data, using ICT where appropriate Use and interpret statistical measures, tables and diagrams, for discrete and continuous data using ICT where appropriate Use statistical methods to investigate situations Use a numerical scale from 0 to 1 to express and compare probabilities Title: Weather Observer Content and skills covered Coverage and range: Level 2 At least 1 from each area

5. What mathematics might be involved with weather reporting and observation?

6. Jackie’s Data DaySummary Temperature o C Wind (mph) Avg Cloud Cover Rain mm Snow mm Sun (hrs) MinMaxSpeedDir 1Cloudy3918SW90%Dry- 1.5 2Partly Cloudy2715W45%Dry- 3.4 3 Drizzle038SSW60%3-2.3 4Light Rain0210SSW38%5- 4.0 5Heavy Rain2528SW100%20- 0 6Snow Shower-2012W15%216 5.2 7Heavy Snow230NW28%-134 4.8 8Clear/ Sunny-50CalmN8%Dry- 6.1 9Clear/Sunny-8-2CalmN5%Dry- 7.2 10Clear/Sunny-10-45NE3%Dry- 8 The table below shows some meteorological data collected by Jackie, an amateur weather observer, at her home in the Cotswolds, during the first ten days of February. Q1. What was the wind speed and direction on the 5 th ? Q2. How much rain fell on the 3 rd ? 28mph from SW 3mm Q3. On which day was the maximum temperature 7 0 C? 2 nd

7. DaySummary Temperature o C Wind (mph) Avg Cloud Cover Rain mm Snow mm Sun (hrs) MinMaxSpeedDir 1Cloudy3918SW90%Dry- 1.5 2Partly Cloudy2715W45%Dry- 3.4 3 Drizzle038SSW60%3-2.3 4Light Rain0210SSW38%5- 4.0 5Heavy Rain2528SW100%20- 0 6Snow Shower-2012W15%216 5.2 7Heavy Snow230NW28%-134 4.8 8Clear/ Sunny-50CalmN8%Dry- 6.1 9Clear/Sunny-8-2CalmN5%Dry- 7.2 10Clear/Sunny-10-45NE3%Dry- 8 Q4. What percentage of these days were clear/sunny? 30% Q5. On what fraction of the days did rain fall? 2/5 Q6. How much snow fell during this period? Give your answer in cm and inches. 15cm/6 ” The table below shows some meteorological data collected by Jackie, an amateur weather observer, at her home in the Cotswolds, during the first ten days of February. *

8. DaySummary Temperature o C Wind (mph) Avg Cloud Cover Rain mm Snow mm Sun (hrs) MinMaxSpeedDir 1Cloudy3918SW90%Dry- 1.5 2Partly Cloudy2715W45%Dry- 3.4 3 Drizzle038SSW60%3-2.3 4Light Rain0210SSW38%5- 4.0 5Heavy Rain2528SW100%20- 0 6Snow Shower-2012W15%216 5.2 7Heavy Snow230NW28%-134 4.8 8Clear/ Sunny-50CalmN8%Dry- 6.1 9Clear/Sunny-8-2CalmN5%Dry- 7.2 10Clear/Sunny-10-45NE3%Dry- 8 Q7. Which two days showed least variation in temperature? 4 th and 6 th Q8. What was the range of maximum temperatures over the period? 13 degrees Q9. Suggest a reason why the 10 th was so cold. Little cloud cover for 3 days + NE airflow The table below shows some meteorological data collected by Jackie, an amateur weather observer, at her home in the Cotswolds, during the first ten days of February. *

9. DaySummary Temperature o C Wind (mph) Avg Cloud Cover Rain mm Snow mm Sun (hrs) MinMaxSpeedDir 1Cloudy3918SW90%Dry- 1.5 2Partly Cloudy2715W45%Dry- 3.4 3 Drizzle038SSW60%3-2.3 4Light Rain0210SSW38%5- 4.0 5Heavy Rain2528SW100%20- 0 6Snow Shower-2012W15%216 5.2 7Heavy Snow230NW28%-134 4.8 8Clear/ Sunny-50CalmN8%Dry- 6.1 9Clear/Sunny-8-2CalmN5%Dry- 7.2 10Clear/Sunny-10-45NE3%Dry- 8 Q10. What is the mode for the maximum temperature? 2 o C and 0 o C Q11. Calculate the median number of sunshine hours. 4.4 hours Q12. On what numerical bearing is the wind coming from on day 7? 315 o The table below shows some meteorological data collected by Jackie, an amateur weather observer, at her home in the Cotswolds, during the first ten days of February. *

10. DaySummary Temperature o C Wind (mph) Avg Cloud Cover Rain mm Snow mm Sun (hrs) MinMaxSpeedDir 1Cloudy3918SW90%Dry- 1.5 2Partly Cloudy2715W45%Dry- 3.4 3 Drizzle038SSW60%3-2.3 4Light Rain0210SSW38%5- 4.0 5Heavy Rain2528SW100%20- 0 6Snow Shower-2012W15%216 5.2 7Heavy Snow230NW28%-134 4.8 8Clear/ Sunny-50CalmN8%Dry- 6.1 9Clear/Sunny-8-2CalmN5%Dry- 7.2 10Clear/Sunny-10-45NE3%Dry- 8 Q13. Calculate the mean rainfall over the period. 3mm Q14. Calculate the mean hours of sunshine over the period. (hrs and mins) 4hr 15min Q15. What was the ratio of wind speed on the 2 nd to wind speed on the 6 th ? 5 : 4 The table below shows some meteorological data collected by Jackie, an amateur weather observer, at her home in the Cotswolds, during the first ten days of February. *

11. DaySummary Temperature o C Wind (mph) Avg Cloud Cover Rain mm Snow mm Sun (hrs) MinMaxSpeedDir 1Cloudy3918SW90%Dry- 1.5 2Partly Cloudy2715W45%Dry- 3.4 3 Drizzle038SSW60%3-2.3 4Light Rain0210SSW38%5- 4.0 5Heavy Rain2528SW100%20- 0 6Snow Shower-2012W15%216 5.2 7Heavy Snow230NW28%-134 4.8 8Clear/ Sunny-50CalmN8%Dry- 6.1 9Clear/Sunny-8-2CalmN5%Dry- 7.2 10Clear/Sunny-10-45NE3%Dry- 8 Q16. Use the supplied graph paper to plot cloud cover against sunshine hours and describe the resulting correlation. Negative Q17. Calculate the mean minimum temperature over the period. -1.9 o C The table below shows some meteorological data collected by Jackie, an amateur weather observer, at her home in the Cotswolds, during the first ten days of February. *

12. DaySummary Temperature o C Wind (mph) Avg Cloud Cover Rain mm Snow mm Sun (hrs) MinMaxSpeedDir 1Cloudy3918SW90%Dry- 1.5 2Partly Cloudy2715W45%Dry- 3.4 3 Drizzle038SSW60%3-2.3 4Light Rain0210SSW38%5- 4.0 5Heavy Rain2528SW100%20- 0 6Snow Shower-2012W15%216 5.2 7Heavy Snow230NW28%-134 4.8 8Clear/ Sunny-50CalmN8%Dry- 6.1 9Clear/Sunny-8-2CalmN5%Dry- 7.2 10Clear/Sunny-10-45NE3%Dry- 8 Q18. The formula that converts o C to o F is shown. Use this formula to convert the maximum temperature on the 5 th to o F. 41 o F F = 9C 5 + 32 Q19. Do the same for the minimum temperature on the 10 th. 14 o F The table below shows some meteorological data collected by Jackie, an amateur weather observer, at her home in the Cotswolds, during the first ten days of February. *

13. Friends’ Data © bigstockphoto.com Day Temperature o C Temperature o C MinMaxMinMax 13927 2272 3 03-31 40201 525 0 6-2002 72 4 8-50-21 9-8-2-40 10-10-4-3 A friend of Jackie’s who lives in another part of the country also took some weather observations over the same period. The maximum and minimum daily temperatures are shown in the table, together with Jackie’s temperature observations. Q20. Find the mean and range of the maximum temperatures for both places and comment on any differences. Jackie: Mean = 2.2 o C, range = 13 o C Friend: Mean = 1.5 o C, range = 10 o C It was colder on average (for maximum temperatures) at Jackie’s friends’ location over this period although there was less variation in temperature. Q21. Repeat Q20 for the minimum temperatures at both places. Jackie: Mean = -1.9 o C, range = 13 o C Friend: Mean = -1.5 o C, range = 6 o C It was colder on average (for minimum temperatures) at Jackie’s location. The temperature there was also much more variable. *

14. Teacher Q + A Q1. What was the wind speed and direction on the 5 th ? Q2. How much rain fell on the 3 rd ? 28mph from SW 3mm Q3. On which day was the maximum temperature 7 0 C? 2 nd Q4. What percentage of these days were clear/sunny? 30% Q5. On what fraction of the days did rain fall? 2/5 Q6. How much snow fell during this period? Give you answer in cm and inches. 15cm/6 ” Q7. Which two days showed least variation in temperature? 4 th and 6 th Q8. What was the range of maximum temperatures over the period? 13 degrees Q9. Suggest a reason why the 10 th was so cold. Little cloud cover for 3 days + NE airflow Q10. What is the mode for the maximum temperature? 2 o C and 0 o C Q11. Calculate the median number of sunshine hours. 4.4 hours Q12. On what numerical bearing is the wind coming from on day 7? 315 o Q13. Calculate the mean rainfall over the period 3mm Q14. Calculate the mean hours of sunshine over the period. (hrs and mins) 4hr 15min Q15. What was the ratio of wind speed on the 2 nd to wind speed on the 6 th ? 5 : 4 Q16. Use the supplied graph paper to plot cloud cover/sunshine hours and describe the resulting correlation. Negative Q17. Calculate the mean minimum temperature over the period. -1.9 o C Q18. The formula that converts o C to o F is shown. Use this formula to convert the maximum temperature on the 5 th to o F. Q19. Do the same for the minimum temperature on the 10 th. 41 o F 14 o F Q20. Find the mean and range of the maximum temperatures for both places and comment on any differences. Q21. Repeat Q20 for the minimum temperatures at both places. Jackie: Mean = 2.2 o C, range = 13 o CFriend: Mean = 1.5 o C, range = 10 o C It was colder on average (for maximum temperatures) at Jackie’s friends’ location over this period although there was less variation in temperature. Friend: Mean = -1.5 o C, range = 6 o C It was colder on average (for minimum temperatures) at Jackie’s location. The temperature there was also much more variable. Jackie: Mean = -1.9 o C, range = 13 o C. Teacher Q + A

15. Teacher Graph Plot 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Hours of Sunshine Percentage Cloud Cover Plot for Q13

16. Student Questions Q1. What was the wind speed and direction on the 5 th ? Q2. How much rain fell on the 3 rd ? Q3. On which day was the maximum temperature 7 0 C? Q4. What percentage of these days were clear/sunny? Q5. On what fraction of the days did rain fall? Q6. How much snow fell during this period? Give you answer in cm and inches. Q7. Which two days showed least variation in temperature? Q8. What was the range of maximum temperatures over the period? Q9. Suggest a reason why the 10 th was so cold. Q10. What is the mode for the maximum temperature? Q11. Calculate the median number of sunshine hours. Q12. On what numerical bearing is the wind coming from on day 7? Q13. Calculate the mean rainfall over the period Q14. Calculate the mean hours of sunshine over the period. (hrs and mins) Q15. What was the ratio of wind speed on the 2 nd to wind speed on the 6 th ? Q16. Use the supplied graph paper to plot cloud cover/sunshine hours and describe the resulting correlation. Q17. Calculate the mean minimum temperature over the period. Q18. The formula that converts o C to o F is shown. Use this formula to convert the maximum temperature on the 5 th to o F. Q19. Do the same for the minimum temperature on the 10 th. Q20. Find the mean and range of the maximum temperatures for both places and comment on any differences. Q21. Repeat Q20 for the minimum temperatures at both places. Student Question Sheet

17. Worksheet 1 DaySummary Temperature o C Wind (mph) Avg Cloud Cover Rain mm Snow mm Sun (hrs) MinMaxSpeedDir 1Cloudy3918SW90%Dry- 1.5 2Partly Cloudy2715W45%Dry- 3.4 3 Drizzle038SSW60%3-2.3 4Light Rain0210SSW38%5- 4.0 5Heavy Rain2528SW100%20- 0 6Snow Shower-2012W15%216 5.2 7Heavy Snow230NW28%-134 4.8 8Clear/ Sunny-50CalmN8%Dry- 6.1 9Clear/Sunny-8-2CalmN5%Dry- 7.2 10Clear/Sunny-10-45NE3%Dry- 8 Day Temperature o C Temperature o C MinMaxMinMax 13927 2272 303-31 40201 525 0 6-2002 72 4 8-50-21 9-8-2-40 10-10-4-3 Q20 – 21 Q1 – 19Worksheet 1

18. Graph Sheet 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Hours of Sunshine Percentage Cloud Cover For Q13 Worksheet 2