1. Cell Structures, Functions and Transport

2. Animal Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Cytoplasm Nucleolus
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Go to Section:

3. Eukaryotic Cell Nucleus Nickname: “The Control Center”
Function: holds the DNA
Parts:
Nucleolus: dark spot in the middle of the nucleus that helps make ribosomes

4. Located Inside the Nucleus
Chromatin
Function:
Material in cells that contains DNA and carries genetic information and direct functions of a cell.
Thin strands inside the nucleus.

5. When the cell get ready to divide it makes
Chromosomes
Function: Carries genetic information that control inherited characteristics such as eye color and blood type.
DNA is always in the form of chromosomes.

6. Animal Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Cytoplasm Nucleolus
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Go to Section:

7. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
Ribosomes
Nickname: “Protein factories”
Function: Produce proteins
Proteins are passed to the interior of the endoplasmic reticulum. From there they will be transported to the Golgi bodies.
Found in all cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic

8. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Nickname: “Passageway”
Function: Passageway that carries proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another.

9. Animal Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Cytoplasm Nucleolus
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Go to Section:

10. Endoplasmic Reticulum
2 Types:
Rough ER:
Rough appearance because it has ribosomes
Function: helps make proteins, that’s why it has ribosomes
Smooth ER:
NO ribosomes
Function: makes fats or lipids

11. Animal Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Cytoplasm Ribosomes
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Complex
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12. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
Golgi Complex
Nickname: mailroom
Function: receives, packages, and distributes proteins and other materials to different locations inside/outside of the cell
Appearance: stack of pancakes

13. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
Lysosomes: circular, but bigger than ribosomes)
Nickname: “Clean-up Crews”
Function: to break down large food particles into smaller ones. Also, breaks down old cell parts and release substances to reuse.

14. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
Mitochondria
Nickname: “The Powerhouse”
Function: Produce most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions.
Muscle cells have large numbers of mitochondria.
Breaks down food to make ATP
ATP: is the major fuel for all cell activities that require energy

15. Animal Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Cytoplasm Nucleolus
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Mitochondria
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Bodies

17. Animal Cell Cytoplasm Nucleolus Ribosomes Nucleus Cell Membrane
Mitochondria
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Bodies

18. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
7. Cell Membrane
Nickname: “Gatekeeper”
Function: forms outside boundary of animal cell and allows materials to move in and out of the cell
Selectively permeable – allows some substances to move through and some cannot.

19. Animal Cell Cytoplasm Nucleolus Ribosomes Nucleus Cell Membrane
Mitochondria
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Bodies

20. Now let’s talk about structures only found in PLANT Cells!!

21. Plant Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Vacuole Cell Membrane
Section 7-2
Vacuole
Cell Membrane
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22. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
8. Vacuoles
Nickname: Storage Tank
Function: stores water, food, waste products, and other materials.
Central vacuole in plants
Not all animals have vacuoles. If they do they are small and more than one.

23. Plant Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Vacuole Chloroplasts
Section 7-2
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Go to Section:

24. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
9. Chloroplasts
Function: captures energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell
Green in color because of chlorophyll, which is a green pigment

25. Chloroplasts

26. Plant Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Vacuole Chloroplasts
Section 7-2
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Go to Section:

27. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
10. Cell Wall
Function: rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.
Provides support and protection to the cell membrane
Found outside the cell membrane in plant cells

28. Plant Cell Cytoplasm Vacuole Smooth ER Ribosomes Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Nucleolus
Golgi Bodies
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Rough ER

29. Comparing Plant and Animal Cells