1. Population Growth and Economic Development: Causes, Consequences, and Controversies
Chapter 6 1

2. The Basic Issue: Population Growth and Quality of Life
Six major issues:
Will developing countries be able to improve levels of living given anticipated population growth?
How will developing countries deal with the vast increases in their labor forces?
How will higher population growth rates affect poverty?

3. The Basic Issue: Population Growth and Quality of Life
Six major issues (cont’d):
Will developing countries be able to extend the coverage and improve the quality of health care and education in the face of rapid population growth?
Is there a relationship between poverty and family size?
How does affluence in the developed world affect the ability of developing countries to provide for their people?

4. A Review of the Numbers: Population Growth - Past, Present, and Future
A brief history of human population growth

8. A Review of the Numbers: Population Growth - Past, Present, and Future
A brief history of human population growth
Structure of the world’s population

14. A Review of the Numbers: Population Growth - Past, Present, and Future
A brief history of human population growth
Structure of the world’s population
The hidden momentum of population growth

17. The Demographic Transition
Stage I: high birthrates and death rates
Stage II: continued high birthrates, declining death rates
Stage III: falling birthrates and death rates, eventually stabilizing

20. The Causes of High Fertility in Developing Countries: The Malthusian Model
The Malthusian population trap

22. The Causes of High Fertility in Developing Countries: The Malthusian Model
The Malthusian population trap
Criticisms of Malthus’ model

25. The Causes of High Fertility in Developing Countries: The Household Model
The microeconomic household theory of fertility

26. Demand for Children Equation
Where
Cd is the demand for surviving children
Y is the level of household income
Pc is the “net” price of children
Px is price of all other goods
tx is the tastes for goods relative to children

27. Demand for Children Equation
Under neoclassical conditions, we would expect:

29. The Causes of High Fertility in Developing Countries: The Household Model
The microeconomic household theory of fertility
The demand for children in developing countries
Some empirical evidence
Implications for development and fertility

30. The Consequences of High Fertility: Some Conflicting Opinions
Population growth isn’t a real problem

32. The Consequences of High Fertility: Some Conflicting Opinions
Population growth isn’t a real problem
Overpopulation is a deliberately contrived false issue
Population growth is a desirable phenomenon
Population growth is a real problem
The empirical argument: the negative consequences of population growth

33. Goals and Objectives: Toward a Consensus
Despite the conflicting opinions, there is some common ground

34. Some Policy Approaches
What developing countries can do

36. Some Policy Approaches
What developing countries can do
What the developed countries can do: resources, population, and the global environment
How developed countries can assist developing countries

37. Concepts for Review Birthrate Death rate Demographic transition
Doubling time
Empowerment of women
Family-planning programs
Fertility
Hidden momentum of population growth
Infant mortality rate
Life expectancy at birth
Malthusian population trap

38. Concepts for Review, cont’d
Microeconomic theory of fertility
Mortality
Natural increase
Net international migration
Population-poverty cycle
Population pyramid
Positive checks
Preventative checks
Rate of population increase
Reproductive choice
Total fertility rate
Youth dependency ratio