1. WATSAN, SWM & PH ROUNDTABLE WATSAN, SWM & PH ROUNDTABLE 3 RD LVB DONORS’ CONFERENCE By: Dr. Doreen A.M Othero On behalf of the WATSAN, SWM & PH Team Lake Victoria Basin Commission E-mail: othero@lvbcom.org E-mail: othero@lvbcom.org

2. Organization of the talk Lake Victoria and the basin LVB opportunities- Population, Water sources and towns WATSAN, PH and SWM - Challenges Current LVBC interventions Gaps and where we want to be Project Concept Notes –Up-scaling LVWATSAN –Solid Waste Management –Transboundary water for LVB –Population, Health and Environment –Integrated HIV & Reproductive Health Conclusions

3. Lake Victoria and the Basin Lake Victoria and its basin covers an area of 193,000km² Average population is over 40 million The lake basin is endowed with rich natural resources and other opportunities which need to be exploited sustainably However, challenges are evident and are mainly linked to a number of interrelated problems such as: –rapid population growth and poverty –land degradation and declining agricultural productivity –Declining water quality and Ill-health …… which must be addressed concurrently to achieve sustainable development.

4. Lake Victoria and the Basin

5. Description of Lake Victoria and the Basin CountryLake Surface Area Catchment AreaLake Shoreline Km ² % % % Tanzania33,7564979,57044115033 Uganda31,0014528,85715.9175050 Kenya4,113638,91321.555017 Rwanda-20,55011.4- Burundi-13,0607.2- Total68,870180,9503,450

6. LVB Opportunities

7. 1. The basin’s population High population density well over 100/km² in some areas Among the highest growth rate in the world For example 40% of Kenya’s total population lives in the basin

8. 2. LVB water sources

9. 3. Beautiful Towns of the basin

10. CHALLENGES IN POPULATION, HEALTH, WATER, SANITATION & WASTE MANAGEMENT Our dilemma….

11. Our dilemma….(1) Vibrant population but… - challenged by ill-health - uncontrolled pop. growth Total fertility rate- (4.6-8.6) MMR- (530-1000/100,000) U5 mortality – (74-206/1000) HIV prevalence – ( 3.1-26%) FP unmet need (25.6-60%)

12. Our dilemma….(1) ct Source: Kenya DHS, 2008-09; Uganda DHS, 2006

13. Our dilemma….(2) Burden of thirst and pollution WATSAN Indicators Access to improved drinking water (JMP- 2013) Ke- 61% URT- 53% Ug- 72% Rw- 63% Bu- 68% Access to improved sanitation (JMP- 2013) Bu- 50%URT- 21% Ke- 55%Rw- 56% Ug- 34%

14. Our dilemma….(3) Beautiful cities…… but with unmanaged solid waste

15. LVBC is doing something… i.Lake Victoria Water and Sanitation Programme (LVWATSAN II) ii.Components of LVEMP II - Cleaner Production, Pollution Control and Waste Management iii.Population, Health and Environment (PHE) Programme iv.EAC/AMREF Lake Victoria HIV&AIDS (EALP) Programme but for us to succeed, we need to do much more….

16. Suppose we succeed…..(1) Water - We want to move from this… to accessible water

17. Suppose we succeed…..(2) Sanitation - from this… to safe sanitation

18. Suppose we succeed…..(3) Pop. Health- from this… to controlled healthy populations

19. Suppose we succeed…..(4) SWM- from this to…… appropriate solid waste management

20. For this donors’ conference… What are LVBC’s aspirations in PH, WATSAN and SWM?

21. 1. Up-Scaling LVWATSAN Introduction LVWATSAN Phase I launched in 2004 Aim was to contribute to the achievement of MDGs for water and sanitation in secondary towns within the LVB Was successfully implemented in 10 secondary towns in Ke, Ug and Tz. LVWATSAN II was conceived after Rwanda and Burundi joined the EAC Currently being implemented in 15 towns – 3 focal towns for each of the five Partner States of the EAC A gap still exists – there are 200 – 300 secondary towns in the basin, only 25 have been reached

22. 1. Up-Scaling LVWATSAN cont… Goal To contribute to the achievement of MDGs and Sustainable Development targets in WATSAN and by so doing promote EAC integration. Objectives To support pro-poor water and sanitation investments in the secondary urban centers in the Lake Victoria Region; To build institutional and human resource capacities at local and regional levels; To facilitate the benefits of upstream water sector reforms to reach the local level in the participating urban centers; To reduce the environmental impact of urbanization in the Lake Victoria Basin.

23. 1. Up-Scaling LVWATSAN cont… Key Outputs i.EAC integration promoted through delivery of WATSAN infrastructure and services; ii.Pro-poor WATSAN investments in the secondary urban centers in the Lake Victoria Basin supported; iii.Institutional and human resource capacities at local and regional levels for the sustainability of improved water and sanitation services enhanced; Estimated budget: USD 156,000,000 Duration: Four Years

24. 2. Solid Waste Management Introduction The proportion of solid waste generated in urban centres far higher than the waste collected. The collection efficiency is low leading to indiscriminate dumping Goal To provide an efficient and sustainable SWM system through creation of an enabling environment for multi- stakeholder participation and adoption of ISWM technology for cleaner and safer towns

25. 2. Solid Waste Management cont… Objectives To strengthen institutional and organizational capacity of Municipalities and stakeholders on SWM To promote pro ‐ poor solid waste management technologies in the towns in LVB To promote solid waste compositing and use in local farming systems in LVB To promote private sector participation in SWM in the towns in LVB To educate and sensitize the public on the importance and value of SWM

26. 2. Solid Waste Management cont… Key Outputs A regional ISWM strategy for LVB developed Improved waste management standards Increase in the amount of waste recycled A well informed public adequately participating in SWM in the towns Solid waste infrastructure sustainably managed Improved health status and livelihood of the local community Estimated budget: USD 15 million Program Duration: 5 Years

27. 3. Population, Health and Environment Introduction Island inhabitants constitute a major category of disempowered communities in the Lake Victoria The meagre services available are implemented using vertical approaches hence compromising efficiency The proposed PHE project will integrate health and environmental conservation initiatives in order to seek synergistic successes for greater conservation and human welfare outcomes than single- sector approaches. Goal To promote integrated population, health, safe water, sanitation and environmental conservation approaches on the islands of Lake Victoria

28. 3. Population, Health and Environment cont… Objectives Facilitate a shared definition and understanding among stakeholders Enhance capacity of communities to sustainabily manage ecosystem resources to improve livelihoods and wellbeing Improve reproductive health, maternal, neonatal and child health of island inhabitants Promote advocacy and policy interactions for integrated PHE approaches

29. 3. Population, Health and Environment cont… Key Outputs A PHE Framework for Cooperation developed around which state and non-state actors coalesce A regional PHE strategic plan for LVBC developed Integrated PHE community champions/groups trained and networks established and offering RH/FP and conservation services Integrated health and environment policy frameworks harmonized Appropriate cost-effective WASH and environmental conservation technologies developed and implemented Estimated budget: USD 4,050,000 Duration: Three Years

30. 4. Trans-boundary water supply and sanitation program in LVB Introduction Enhanced WATSAN management around Lake Victoria offers one of the incentives for stimulating economic growth and improving the livelihoods and health of communities in the basin. A trans-boundary WATSAN Program would fill the gap between the low WATSAN services supplied and the high demand while simultaneously meeting the MDG targets. Goal To meet MDG targets in water and sanitation for selected transboundary towns in the five Partner States and by so doing promote EAC integration

31. 4. Trans-boundary WATSAN program in LVB cont… Objectives To support pro-poor water and sanitation investments in the secondary urban centers in the Lake Victoria Basin; To build institutional and human resource capacities at local and regional levels for the sustainability of improved water and sanitation services; To facilitate the benefits of upstream water sector reforms to reach the local level in the participating urban centers; and To reduce the environmental impact of urbanization in the Lake Victoria Basin and improve watershed and water resources management.

32. 4. Trans-boundary WATSAN program in LVB cont… Key Outputs i.EAC integration promoted through delivery of water and sanitation infrastructure and services; ii.Pro-poor water and sanitation investments in the secondary urban centers in the Lake Victoria Basin supported; iii.Institutional and human resource capacities at local and regional levels for the sustainability of improved water and sanitation services enhanced; Estimated budget: USD 62,000,000 Duration: Four years

33. 5. Integrated HIV/Reproductive Health Introduction Enhanced population mobility is directly linked to increased vulnerability to HIV. RH related conditions and other diseases catalyse the spread of HIV hence the need for an integrated approach in management of HIV Goal To contribute to the reduction in the prevalence of HIV&AIDS and Reproductive Health (RH) related diseases among mobile populations within the Lake Victoria Basin (LVB).

34. 5. Integrated HIV/Reproductive Health cont… Objectives i.To strengthen the management and coordination capacities of organizations/institutions and networks of mobile populations to respond to HIV&AIDS/RH issues. ii.To enhance adoption of best practice interventions in integrated HIV&AIDS/RH service delivery iii.To enhance regional integrated cross-border health service delivery and HIV/AIDS/RH surveillance iv.To promote gender and rights based mainstreaming activities within the institutions and networks of mobile populations in LVB v.To enhance information generation, sharing and dissemination on HIV&AIDS and reproductive health issues among mobile populations in LVB.

35. 5. Integrated HIV/Reproductive Health cont… Key Outputs i.Regional HIV&AIDS/RH coordination structures for mobile populations established and strengthened. ii.Integrated cross-border HIV&RH surveillance system established and operational iii.Integrated one-stop wellness centres at border points and beach landing sites established and offering integrated HIV/RH services iv.Gender mainstreaming activities implemented in the institutions/organizations of mobile populations Estimated cost: USD 8,287,309 Duration: Four Years

36. Conclusions The WATSAN, PH and SWM challenges in LVB are manageable but require concerted effort for effective interventions There is need for integration of sectors and approaches to simultaneously address the challenges There is need to implement projects/programs that will increase access and harness utilization of the resources in a sustainable manner Experience shows that projects/programs so far implemented have improved the quality of life

37. Conclusions (cont’d) The existing infrastructure projects have build confidence of the PS towards achieving stronger integration and hence better sustainability of trans-boundary projects and need for up-scaling; The projects have also boosted EAC Regional Cooperation and even beyond to the Nile Region; Partner States are Committed to all the mentioned Projects and seek for the support of Development Partners to further strengthen the EAC region and improve the livelihoods of the communities. We look forward to your new and continued partnerships

38. Partnership

39. Summary Project ConceptWhy?Estimated budget (USD) Duration Up-scaling LVWATSAN Will contribute to realization of MDGs and improved livelihoods 156,000,0004 years Solid Waste Management All towns in LVB lack appropriate SWM technologies Will promote SW composting 15,000,0005 years Population, Health and Environment (PHE) Integrated PHE will facilitate synergistic successes for greater conservation and human welfare 4,050,0003 years Transboundary WATSAN Will promote EAC integration and realization of Sustainable development 62,000,0004 years Integrated HIV/Reproductive Health (IHARP) Population mobility is a major catalyst for HIV/RH IHARP Will strengthen effective management and coordination of HIV/RH responses for mobile pops. 8,287,3094 years