1. The basic unit of all living things
The Cell
The basic unit of all living things

2. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Is credited with inventing the first microscope to look at cells

3. Robert Hooke was the first to name the cell (1665)

4. Schleiden and Schwann Schleiden proved that all PLANTS have cells
Schwann proved that all ANIMALS have cells

5. The Cell Theory
The cell is the unit of structure of all living things.
The cell is the unit of function of all living things.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.

6. Two Major Cell Types
Prokaryotic cells – (bacteria, archae) - NO NUCLEUS
Eukaryotic cells- (plants, animals, fungi, protists) -HAVE A NUCLEUS

7. ANIMAL CELL

8. PLANT CELL

9. CELL MEMBRANE
CELL (PLASMA) MEMBRANE: All cells are covered by a cell membrane-regulates what comes in/goes out of the cell
-Found in both plant and animal cells

10. CYTOPLASM -Found in plant and animal cells
Cytoplasm – jelly like substance that fills cells; made of mostly water; holds the organelles
-Found in plant and animal cells

11. NUCLEUS
Nucleus – contains the cell’s DNA and is the control center of the cell
Found in both plant and animal cells.

12. RIBOSOME
Ribosome – the site where amino acids are hooked together to make proteins
This is the site of protein synthesis
Found in both
plant and animal
cells

13. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM -found in both plants and animals
System of channels that transport proteins in a cell.
Two types Rough-with Ribosomes on them and
Smooth- no ribosomes on them

14. GOLGI BODIES
Responsible for labeling, sorting and packaging chemicals (proteins) and secreting (releasing) them from the cell

15. VACUOLES Vacuoles – store water and other materials
-Found in both plant and animal cells
-Plants have very large vacuoles
-Animals have small vacuoles

16. Plant Vacuole & Animal Vacuoles

17. Mitochondria – Makes Energy for Cell . Energy is also called ATP
Site of Cellular Respiration
It takes in oxygen and glucose and releases Carbon dioxide , water and ATP
Found in both plant and animal cells.

18. Lysosomes

19. Some Organelles are only found in Plant Cells
Do you know which ones?

20. CELL WALL
Cell Wall – the cell wall gives structure and support to the cell membrane.
Only found in plant cells

21. CHLOROPLASTS
All plant cells contain Chloroplasts. They are responsible for photosynthesis
-Photosynthesis uses the sun’s energy to make glucose(sugar)
-Chloroplasts are green due to a pigment called chlorophyll.
-Only found in plant cells

22. There is one organelle found only in Animal Cells….
Can you name it?

23. The Centrioles
These are necessary for animal cell division. Plants manage without them.

24. How do Organelles Work Together?
The nucleus controls the rate of protein synthesis by the ribosomes
The cell membrane regulates the passage of materials into and out of the cell. This includes oxygen that the mitochondria need
After a lysosome digests old organelles, the cell membrane allows materials to enter/leave the cell
The Golgi body produces lysosomes to digest the organelles

25. WRAP UP HEREDITARY INFORMATION IS STORED INSIDE THE: A. RIBOSOMES
B. NUCLEUS,
C. MITOCHONDRIA

26. WRAP UP 2. DIAGRAM TO THE RIGHT REPRESENTS:
A. A CHLOROPLAST CARRYING OUT RESPIRATION
B. A LYSOSOME CARRYING OUT PHAGOCYTOSIS
C. A MITOCHONDRIA CARRYING OUT RESPIRATION

27. WRAP UP
4. Studies of fat cells and thyroid gland cells show that fat cells have fewer mitochondria than thyroid cells. A biologist would most likely infer that fat tissue:
A. Has energy requirements equal to those of thyroid gland
B. Requires less energy than thyroid gland
C. Requires more energy than thyroid gland cells