1. Slide 1 of 40 Prokaryotic Cells: Includes only bacteria Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

2. Slide 2 of 40 Most numerous organisms on Earth

3. Slide 3 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall BACTERIA: Most numerous organisms on Earth 1 st forms of life on Earth All are prokaryotic General Traits of all prokaryotes: Lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles. Unicellular (separate or in a colony) Can be autotrophic or heterotrophic Are microscopic 300 side by side = printed period

4. Slide 4 of 40 Bacteri is found EVERYWHERE… fFood Air Soil On and in our body On all objects

5. Slide 5 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 430,000 year old bacteria found in a fresh water lake in Antarctica Deep Ocean

6. Slide 6 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cell wall: -made up of proteins and carbs -protects and gives shape to cell. Cell wall

7. Slide 7 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cell Wall Cell membrane Cell membrane: -regulates what goes into and out of the cell

8. Slide 8 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Outer covering that is sticky. Allows bacteria to adhere to surfaces and prevents WBC’s from engulfing them. Cell Wall Cell membrane Capsule

9. Slide 9 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cell Wall Cell membrane Capsule Cytoplasm Cytoplasm: -liquid solution which suspends the DNA and ribosomes.

10. Slide 10 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cell Wall Cell membrane Capsule Cytoplasm Ribosomes Ribosomes: -uses DNA’s instructions to make all proteins

11. Slide 11 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cell Wall Cell membrane Capsule Cytoplasm Ribosomes DNA DNA: -genetic material -1 loop of DNA

12. Slide 12 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cell Wall Cell membrane Capsule Cytoplasm Ribosomes DNA Flagella Flagella: -1 or more long whip like tails used for movement.

13. Slide 13 of 40 Flagella: for movement.

14. Slide 14 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying Prokaryotes E. coli, a Typical Eubacterium Cell wall Cell Membrane Ribosomes DNA Flagellum Capsule

15. Slide 15 of 40 Ideal Reproductive/Growth Conditions -moisture -warmth -food source -darkness Food and moisture Warm and darkness Ideal warm, dark and moist environment with plenty of food? The human body

16. Slide 16 of 40 Part A of Bacteria lab Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

17. Slide 17 of 40 Endospores A hard, protective case that forms around the DNA of the bacteria cell during unfavorable growth conditions. Spores allow bacteria to survive harsh conditions. (extreme heat, lack of moisture, etc…) Spores can remain dormant for months or years.

18. Slide 18 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Bacteria can be: 1. Heterotrophic -uses other organisms as a food source.

19. Slide 19 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 2. Saprophytic: -live off dead matter -bacteria is the #1 decomposer 3. Autotrophic: -makes their own food through photosynthesis.

20. Slide 20 of 40 Reproduction Binary fission Binary Fission Bacteria copies its DNA and divides in half, producing two identical daughter cells. Form of asexual reproduction Takes about 20 min. in bacteria.

21. Slide 21 of 40 Most people think of bacteria of only being “bad” but bacteria do a lot of good too!!! Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

22. Slide 22 of 40 The GOOD…….. To make medicines Oil eating bacteria To make food #1 decomposer Sewage treatment

23. Slide 23 of 40 The BAD……….. Makes us sick/causes illnesses STD’s: Gonorrhea, Syphilis Chlamydia, Botulism, Lymes Disease, Pinkeye, Tuberculosis, Pneumonia

24. Slide 24 of 40 Can they be stopped? Refrigeration Freezing Heat: canning, cooking, sterilization Dehydration Antiseptics Antibiotics

25. Slide 25 of 40 Set up Part B of lab Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

26. Slide 26 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall You go to the doctors with a sore throat……………..now what happens????

27. Slide 27 of 40 The doctor has to classify the bacteria to know how to treat it. 1. The doctor cultures/grows the bacteria.

28. Slide 28 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Identifying Prokaryotes 2. The doctor determines the shape of the bacteria. Bacilli Rod-shaped prokaryotes are called bacilli.

29. Slide 29 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Identifying Prokaryotes Spherical prokaryotes are called cocci. Cocci

30. Slide 30 of 40 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Identifying Prokaryotes Spiral and corkscrew-shaped prokaryotes are called spirilla. Spirilla

31. Slide 31 of 40 3. The doctor determines its “colony” formation: Strept mean grows in a long chain. Staph means grows in a cluster

32. Slide 32 of 40 Can you identify these bacteria? Steptococcus Round and in a straight line Staphococcus Round and in a cluster.

33. Slide 33 of 40 Part C of the Bacteria lab Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall