2. Catalyst August 3 3 + 3(5) 1. What are the 2 characteristics of a good hypothesis? (Friday’s notes) 2. What word should you use when writing a hypothesis to show that you have a reason for your guess? 3. CHALLENGE SAT QUESTION!!!! (Try it!) CAUSE is to EFFECT as INDEPENDENT VARIABLE is to _____________________. Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Catalyst! HW on your desk, please!

3. Objectives  By the end of today, SWBAT…  Dominate variables.  Identify lab equipment and describe their use.  Write a quality procedure.

4. Today’s Agenda  Catalyst  HW check  Variables Blitz  Lab Equipment and Quick Safety Breakdown  Procedures + Mystery Goo!  Exit Question

5. HW Check 4. IV = Amount of cigarette use / How many times a person smokes DV = Chance of developing lunch cancer / How likely person is to develop lunch cancer Constants = Type of cigarettes, Health of patients at start of study, Doctor checking for lung cancer, etc.

6. HW Check 5. IV = Amount of breakfast eaten DV = ACT test scores Constants = Type of breakfast, Time breakfast is eaten, ACT test, Location of test, etc.

7. HW Check 6. IV = Color of sugar water DV = How fast the water is drunk Constants = Amount of sugar, Amount of water, Type of food coloring, Size of container, etc.

8. Doing SCiEnCE!  Question: “What’s going on around me?”  Hypothesis: “__________ BECAUSE __________.”  Variables:  IV – Changed by experimenter; CAUSE  DV – Changes as a result; Depends on IV; EFFECT  Constant – Stays the same

9. IV, DV, and Constants  Dr. Brown wants to see if a medicine she invented will improve her patients’ health. So she gives 100 patients her new medicine, and records how long it takes for them to become healthy. IV = DV = Constants = Type of medicine Measure of health Amount of medicine…

10. IV, DV, and Constants  Gavin thinks that water will evaporate faster in a warm place than a cool one. He puts out two identical bowls of water, one in a warm place and one in a cool place. Then, he times how long it takes the water to evaporate. IV = DV = Constants = Temperature of location Time for evaporation Amount of water…

11. Chemistry Lab

12. Beakers

13. Chemistry Lab Beaker Tongs

14. Chemistry Lab Graduated Cylinder

15. Chemistry Lab Erlenmeyer Flask

16. Chemistry Lab Flask Tongs

17. Chemistry Lab Glass Funnel

18. Chemistry Lab Micro Spatula and Scoop Spatula

19. Chemistry Lab Stirring Rods

20. Chemistry Lab Hand Test Tube Holder

21. Chemistry Lab Test Tube Rack and Small Test Tubes

22. Chemistry Lab Standard Test Tubes

23. Chemistry Lab Test tube brushes

24. Chemistry Lab Bunsen Burner

25. Chemistry Lab Ring Stand and Clamps

26. Chemistry Lab Wire Gauze with Ceramic Center

27. Chemistry Lab Triple-Beam Balance

28. Chemistry Lab Analytical Balances

29. Chemistry Lab Mortar and Pestle

30. Chemistry Lab  Droppers

31. Chemistry Lab  Pipets and Pipet bulb

32. Chemistry Lab  Thermometers

33. Chemistry Lab  Wash bottle

34. Safety Equipment  Goggles

35. Safety Equipment  Apron

36. Safety Equipment  Gloves

37. Safety Equipment  Fire extinguisher

38. Safety Equipment  Safety blanket

39. Safety Equipment  Eye wash

40. Safety Equipment  Safety shower

41. What could happen if we don’t follow safety guidelines?

42. Wear your safety goggles!

43. Chemical burn….

44. Frayed cord? Unattended fire?

45. HOMEWORK, Pt 1: Safety Contract

46. ONTO PROCEDURES!

47. Importance of a Good Procedure We must read and follow directions all the time… JUST THINK ABOUT DRIVING!

48. Importance of a Good Procedure Key Point #1: Anyone can understand and duplicate a good procedure.  Understand: The procedure is easy to read and has simple language  Duplicate: The procedure can be repeated

49. When Things Go Wrong…

50. Key Point #2: You must always have a plan while performing an experiment.  This prevents problems  It is important to always read ALL directions and think before beginning an experiment ANTICIPATION

51. Words My definitions Ms. S’s definitions Now, divide your paper into three sections. 1. Experiment 2. Materials 3. Procedure

52. Ms. S’s Definitions  Experiment: a test you do to answer a question and test a hypothesis

53. Ms. S’s Definitions  Materials: the things you need to perform an experiment (including safety equipment)

54. Ms. S’s Definitions  Procedure: the instructions you need to follow to perform an experiment

55. How to plan a procedure…. Key Point #3: Characteristics of a quality procedure… 1. Materials (including safety equipment) 2. Step-by-step instructions 3. Each step is numbered 4. Specific and clear

56. Is this a quality procedure?

57. Materials: -Beaker-Water -Tongs-Red dye -Syringe-Stirrer Procedure: Place the beaker on the lab bench. Pour 25 mL of water into the beaker. Add 5 drops of red dye to the water and stir with the stirrer. Heat the beaker up using a hot plate.

58. Is this a quality procedure? Materials: -Funnel -Filter Paper -Glass rod -Erlenmeyer flask -Water/sand mixture Procedure: 1. Place the filter paper in the funnel. 2. Place the funnel in the Erlenmeyer flask. 3. Use the glass rod to help pour the water/sand mixture into the funnel. 4. Collect the filtrate in the Erlenmeyer flask. 5. Clean up.

59. Mystery Goo Ms. S stayed after school last night and mixed corn starch and water together. Afterwards, she noticed that the goo had some strange properties. Sometimes it acted like a liquid, and sometimes it acted like a solid. She wanted to find out how to make the best goo possible for her students, so she planned an experiment. Then, Ms. Edwards told Ms. S she heard a rumor that you all wanted to do labs. Ms. Edwards convinced Ms. S to let you do the experiment, too!

60. Mystery Goo Directions: With your group, select what materials you will use and plan your procedure to make… …a perfect mixture that is 30 mL of water and 1/4 cup of corn starch. Don’t forget safety equipment! ***Write it on a separate piece of paper first!***

61. Available Materials  Corn starch  Water  Graduated cylinder  Beaker  Bowl or cup  Stirring rod  Measuring cup  Gloves  Apron  Goggles Can you think of anything else you might need?

62. Exit Question Select the materials and plan the procedure to: (CHOOSE ONE) Tuesday Exit Questions Materials: | Procedure: | make Kool-Aid OR make a sno-ball