1. Definitions SolubilityLabPotpourriSolutions 100 200 300 400 500

2. 100 Definitions A homogeneous mixture of substances in a single phase Answer Answer

3. Definitions 100 Answer = solution

4. 200 Definitions A solution in which the amount of solute present is less than the maximum possible at that temperature Answer Answer

5. Definitions 200 Answer = unsaturated solution

6. 300 Definitions molarity Answer Answer

7. Definitions 300 Moles of solute per liter of solution

8. 400 Definitions The word “dissolution” means Answer Answer

9. Definitions 400 dissolving

10. 500 Definitions Describe the structure of a surfactant and how it works. Give an example of a surfactant. Answer

11. Definitions 500 Answer A surfactant is a large molecule with one polar end and one nonpolar end. It enables mixing of immiscible substances. Shampoo is a surfactant.

12. 100 Solubility What is meant by the phrase “like dissolves like”? Answer Answer

13. Solubility 100 Answer Substances of similar polarity are miscible. Polar dissolves polar. Nonpolar dissolves nonpolar.

14. 200 Solubility Explain the equilibrium that exists in a saturated solution Answer Answer

15. Solubility 200 Answer: solute particles are dissolving and recrystallizing at equal rates

16. 300 Solubility Explain how you would use a crystal of solute to determine whether the solution of that solute is saturated, supersaturated or unsaturated. Answer Answer

17. Solubility 300 Answer: A crystal added to the solution will: –dissolve in an unsaturated solution –sink to the bottom in a saturated solution –cause recrystallization to occur in a supersaturated solution

18. 400 Solubility What units are generally used to indicate solubility of a substance in water? Answer Answer

19. Solubility 400 Answer: g of solute/100 g water

20. 500 Solubility Describe the trends in gas solubility as: a). Pressure increases b). Temperature increases Answer Answer

21. Solubility 500 Answer: As pressure of the gas above the liquid increases, solubility of the gas in the liquid increases. As temperature of the liquid increases, solubility of the gas in the liquid decreases.

22. 100 Lab What solvent will dissolve both polar and nonpolar substances? Answer Answer

23. Answer 100 Lab Ethanol, because it has a polar OH end and a nonpolar hydrocarbon end.

24. 200 Lab What is the rapid escape of a gas from a liquid in which it was dissolved? Answer Answer

25. 200 Lab Answer Effervescence

26. 300 Lab An aqueous sample of Fe 2+ would show what series of colors when mixed with reagents K 3 FeCN 6 K 4 FeCN 6 KSCN Answer Answer

27. Answer 300 Lab Fe 2+ (aq) plus K 3 FeCN 6 K 4 FeCN 6 KSCN Deep blue light blue peach

28. 400 Lab What mass of NaCl (MM = 58.44 g/mol) is needed to make 75.0 mL of 2.00M solution? Answer Answer

29. Lab 400 Mole= M x L = 2.00 M x 0.0750 L = 0.15000 mol g = 0.1500 mol x 58.44 g = 8.77g NaCl mol

30. 500 Lab Describe at least 3 safety precautions to follow when diluting a strong acid. Answer

31. Lab 500 Answer: Wear gloves, goggles, apron or lab coat. Do it under the fume hood, fan on. Always add acid to water.

32. 100 Potpourri Designate each of the following as an acid or a base: H 3 PO 4 NH 3 LiOHHBr Answer Answer

33. 100 Potpourri Answer: H 3 PO 4 NH 3 LiOHHBr Acid BaseBaseAcid

34. 200 Potpourri What are the three types of solute particles? Answer Answer

35. 200 Potpourri Atoms, ions, molecules

36. 300 Potpourri Substance A dissolves in water. Substance B dissolves in oil. Substances A and B are immiscible. Make a generalization about the polarities of substance A and substance B. Explain! Answer Answer

37. 300 Potpourri Since H 2 O is polar, substance A must be polar. Since A and B are immiscible, as are oil and water, B must be nonpolar.

38. 400 Potpourri Name the most accurate pieces of glassware for: A. making a solution of a specific volume B. measuring a small volume of solution which will be diluted. Answer Answer

39. 400 Potpourri Answer A. Volumetric flask B. Pipet

40. Answer The solubility of ammonia, NH 3, is 90 g/100 g of water at 0 o C. Draw the solubility curve for this substance.

41. Answer Potpourri 500

42. 100 Solutions Give an example of a solution in which the solvent is a solid. AnswerAnswer

43. Answer 100 Solutions Alloys such as brass, bronze, sterling silver, white gold are all solid solutions.

44. 200 Solutions What volume of 2.00 M NaOH contains 10.0 g of solute? (MM of NaOH = 40.00 g/mol) AnswerAnswer

45. Answer for Solutions 200 Moles = 10.00 g X 1mole = 0.250mole 40.00 g L = moles = 0.250 mole = 0.125 L Molarity 2.00 M

46. 300 Solutions What volume of 6.0M HCl is needed to make 3.00 L of 0.500M HCl? Answer in mL. Answer Answer

47. Solutions 300 Answer: M C V C = M D V D 6.0 M x Vc = 0.500 M x 3.00 L Vc = 0.25 L = 250 mL of 6.0M HCl

48. 400 Solutions Describe 3 ways of increasing the rate at which a substance dissolves. Answer Answer

49. 400 Solutions Answer Increase surface area Stirring/shaking Temperature change (usually increase temp)

50. Solutions 500 Answer Give the solubility of potassium nitrate at 50 0 C. Estimate to the ones place.

51. Solutions 500 Answer: 82 g KNO 3 / 100 g H 2 O