1. A Finmeccanica Company 04/2000/1 EUSO Development Philosophy EUSO General Meeting Max Planck Institute for Physics Munich, November the 20th 2003

2. A Finmeccanica Company 04/2000/2 Introduction l Alenia contribution, in support of Instrument System responsibility, covered, during the phase A study, the following aspects: – Development approach and associated model philosophy – System Verification Tasks outline – Provisions of guidelines for the various equipment, sub-assemblies and subsystems, as provided by the Scientific Consortium, called for sake of comprehension: Customer Furnished Equipment (CFE) l The presentation addresses, therefore: – Development Philosophy – Guidelines for Equipment/Sub- assemblies/Subsystems – Open Areas to be covered in the following Program Phases – Schedule Outline

3. A Finmeccanica Company 04/2000/3 Development Philosophy - General l The Development philosophy for the EUSO Instrument has as sustaining pillars: – an Assembly, Integration and Verification Program – and a Model Philosophy l The objectives of the AIV Program are primarily to: – qualify the design, – ensure that the products are in agreement with the qualified design and free from workmanship defects and acceptable for use, – verify that the overall system (including tools, procedures and resources) will be able to fulfil mission requirements, – achieve the delivery in due time of the flight model, – minimise the overall development costs.

4. A Finmeccanica Company 04/2000/4 Development Philosophy - General l The methods of verifications are the standard ones, i.e.: – test, analysis, review of design and inspection. Note (1) l The stages of the verification process encompass the development, qualification and acceptance phases. l The levels will be: – Equipment, – Subsystem and/or Sub-assembly (e.g. structure, harness etc…), – EUSO Integrated Instrument, – EUSO Integrated Payload, i.e.: EUSO Instrument + Mission/Launch Specific Items. Note (1): The test methodology will be the main method of verification and will be used when analytical techniques cannot provide reliable results.

5. A Finmeccanica Company 04/2000/5 Development Philosophy - Instrument level l The AIV Campaign is based primarily on: – an Instrument STM – an Instrument PFM. l Three major verification steps are preliminarily identified: – Instrument thermo-mechanical qualification on the Instrument Structural Thermal Model (STM) – Instrument functional qualification on the Instrument Protoflight Model (PFM) – Integrated Payload qualification on the EUSO Payload PFM

6. A Finmeccanica Company 04/2000/6 Development Philosophy - Guidelines for Subsystems l Equipment/Subsystem Developers (CFE) are to provide their development plans in order to harmonise and make them compatible with the overall EUSO Instrument development. l As far as models and associated development phases are concerned, the following approach is proposed: – B.B./D.M./T.M. can be used to develop technology and demonstrate design adequacy – E.M. (Either Engineering or Electrical Models) to demonstrate Items functionality and interface adequacy. – PFM to qualify the items. It will be accepted also an EQM/QM and FM approach, if necessary. l Developers are requested to provide an STM to the EUSO Instrument Integrator. In certain cases, STMs can be used to achieve qualification of design, e.g. primary structure.

7. A Finmeccanica Company 04/2000/7 Development Philosophy - Overall Logic

8. A Finmeccanica Company 04/2000/8 Development Philosophy OC = Operational Configuration (Platform/Instrument)

9. A Finmeccanica Company 04/2000/9 Development Philosophy LC = Launch Configuration (Platform/Carrier/Instrument)

10. A Finmeccanica Company 04/2000/10 Development Philosophy - Instrument level EUSO Instrument STM  Overall structural and thermal model (inclusive of thermo-structural dummies of avionics, optics, EUSO P/L PDGF and PMCAS): static, modal survey, TV/TB, including cycling of LID cover/mechanism opening/closure in extreme environmental conditions, physical properties, alignment before and after environmental tests PFM  Refurbishment of STM structure  Complete functional verification, there including calibration  Proof test  Physical properties  EMC conducted tests  Grounding/bonding EUSO Payload System level on STM Model:  Vibro-Acoustic test System level on Protoflight Model:  Physical properties, including I/F requirements by Inspection (OC/LC);  Radiated EMC test (OC);  TB/TV (OC);  Vibro-Acoustic test (OC);  Modal Survey test (LC);  Functional, Performance tests (OC/LC) LC = Launch Configuration (Platform/Carrier/Instrument) OC = Operational Configuration (Platform/Instrument)

11. A Finmeccanica Company 04/2000/11 Open Areas Instrument Review l EUSO Instrument development approach is generic and lacks visibility on equipment/subsystems specific developments. – It is a specific activity for the next Program Phases. However some improvements can be done with the co-operation of the various developers in the near term. Mission Review l System Electrical Model missing – Noted. Introduction to be assessed and is possible in the next Program Phases. l EMC tests at Instrument and PSE (Payload Service Electronic) level missing – Noted. It is introduced l Proof Test of Instrument PFM missing – Point taken. If CFRP confirmed for the primary structure, proof test will be executed on the PFM Structure Subsystem.

12. A Finmeccanica Company 04/2000/12 Open Areas Mission Review (cont’d) l Modal Survey Test at PFM Launch configuration missing – It will be introduced l Instrument PFM must be a new structure, not a refurbishment from STM – Noted. It depends on several aspects. A trade-off will be carried out in the future Program phases. l End-to-End verification to be performed with dedicated SCOE. – Point will be covered in the future.

13. A Finmeccanica Company 04/2000/13 EUSO INSTRUMENT - SCHEDULE OUTLINE Assy and subsystem level qualification models. For ALS responsibility HW: o LID Assy reliability test and functional tests (extreme temperature conditions) o overall structural and thermal model (inclusive of thermo-structural dummies of avionics, optics, EUSO P/L PDGF and PMCAS, etc...) tests - static (protoflight level) - modal - thermal vacuum (solar fluxes simulation) in open / close configuration; - physical properties (mass, cog, fit checks etc...) - alignments and light tightness checks before and after environmental tests System level PFM AIV process based on o refurbishment of STM structure; o lenses installation, alignment and calibration (optics responsible in optics facility) o completion of PFM integration in Alenia Spazio facilities o complete functional verification o phisical properties (mass, inertia, cog, fit checks etc...) o EMC tests (conducted) o alignments and light tightness checks before shipping for integration on EUSO P/L o grounding/bonding Instrument and Payload joint PFM AIV process based on o acoustic test o thermal vacuum o EMC tests (radiated) o functional tests o alignments and light tightness checks before and after environmental tests o grounding/bonding LIST IS INDICATIVE