2. Introduction to Humanities Computing Spring 1999 Lecture Two

3. Introduction to Humanities Computing François Lachance 416 326-2524 (o) TSH 205 (drop off) lachanc@mcmaster.ca

4. Types of Computers Yes / No ? One who computes; a calculator, reckoner; spec. a person employed to make calculations in an observatory, in surveying, etc. Oxford English Dictionary

5. Types of Computers Yes ! One who computes; a calculator, reckoner; spec. a person employed to make calculations in an observatory, in surveying, etc. Oxford English Dictionary ?

6. A 20th century definition A calculating-machine; Especially an automatic electronic device for performing mathematical or logical operations

7. Computer & System

8. F Peripherals Monitor Keyboard Mouse Sensors Robots F CPU Central Processing Unit F Peripherals Monitor Keyboard Mouse Sensors Robots F CPU

9. Components of a Definition F General Purpose F Stored-Program F Electronic F Binary Digits F Calculating Machine

10. General Purpose Is a PDA like this a computer? Is it dedicated to one purpose if it can do any type of calculation? Would a calculator be a computer?

11. Stored-Program How are programs and data loaded into the device? ENIAC Programmed Manually EDVAC Stored-Program

12. Electronic Does it have gears, vacuum tubes, or chips? Babbage’s engines were mechanical

13. Binary Digits How is information stored and manipulated in the computer? Hi! My name is C3P0. 12 23 45 01 94 89 59 0111011010101000 Alphanumeric (Letters & Numbers) Decimal - 10 Possible Settings Binary Digits - 2 Possible Settings

14. Binary Digits How is information stored and manipulated in the computer? 0 1 1 0 1 0 Switch on/off What is hexadecimal?

15. From binary model... …to machine

16. Types of Computer F Mainframe F Mini(computer) F Workstation (UNIX) F Microcomputer Personal Computer (PC) F Laptops & PDAs F Game computers F Terminals (NCs) Other Types?

17. Think of the uses of computers Remind me to tell you the story about the fan... Is the computer just a tool? How is it a cultural artefact?

18. Some computer uses F As a fancy calculator F As a fancy typewriter F As a controller for other devices F As an extension of your TV F As type of toy F As a fancy telephone Use the OED online to look up the etymology of “machine” -- how is a computer a machine?

19. Perspectives on Computers F Types F Uses F Components F When a computer starts F Input/Output Computer as city of circuits

20. F System Unit Motherboard FCPU (Central Processing Unit) FRAM Hard Drive and Floppy Drive Power Supply Daughterboards F Keyboard F Monitor F Peripherals Parts of the Computer

21. Power Supply Socket Power Supply Motherboard Hard Drive Floppy Drive Monitor Keyboard Electricity Data

22. Bus Bus (PCI, SCSI, USB) Central Processing Unit RAM/ROM Hard Drive Daughter Boards Floppy Disk Drive ModemMonitor the electric connection linking internal components of the computer Data 16 bit 32 bit

23. Starting-up Hardware (RAM) IBM Class Intel (X86,Pentium) Mac Motorola (Power PC) Mac OS MS DOS Operating System Program/File Management Windows (Program Manager) Finder Program Document(s) Booting Running Opening

24. Input and Output F How does information get into the computer? F How does the computer return information? Input Devices Storage Devices Output Devices Processor CPU

25. (Input & Output) OR (Output & Input) F Output Screen Printer Speaker Computer Robot F Input Keyboard Mouse Scanner Microphone (Audio digitizer) Video digitizer

26. Metaphors The Mind - Processing = Thinking MemoryConsciousness (Hard Drive)(RAM)

27. More metaphors Office - Processing = Working Deleting Running, Opening, Loading Storage

28. Even more metaphors What is your favorite metaphor for a computer ?

29. End Just the beginning 101 = 5