1. Chinese Dynasties Geography of Growth and Decline

2. AP Period I AP Period I To 600 BCE To 600 BCE

3. Xia Dynasty 2070-1600 BCE

4. Mythological dynasty Mythological dynasty Written accounts from Shang tell their story Written accounts from Shang tell their story Located along Yellow River Located along Yellow River

5. Shang Dynasty 1523-1028 BCE

6. Yellow River Yellow River Oracle Bones show first written language Oracle Bones show first written language Horse chariots, spoked wheel, pottery, silk developed Horse chariots, spoked wheel, pottery, silk developed Decimal system and accurate calendar Decimal system and accurate calendar Ancestor worship Ancestor worship

7. Zhou Dynasty 1027-256 BCE

8. Longest lasting dynasty 900 years Longest lasting dynasty 900 years Mandate of Heaven Mandate of Heaven Feudal system Feudal system Kingdoms develop that lead to fall Kingdoms develop that lead to fall Confucius (551-479 BCE) Confucius (551-479 BCE) Yin and Yang, Ren and Li Yin and Yang, Ren and Li Laozi founds Daoism (the way) Laozi founds Daoism (the way)

9. 5 Relationships of Confucianism 1. Ruler to subject 2. Father to son 3. Husband to wife 4. Older brother to younger brother 5. Friend to friend

10. Period II Period II 600 BCE to 600 CE 600 BCE to 600 CE

11. Qin Dynasty 221-206 BCE

12. 10 years long – shortest dynasty 10 years long – shortest dynasty Iron developed Iron developed First Emperor Shihuangdi First Emperor Shihuangdi Unified kingdoms Unified kingdoms Built Great Wall Built Great Wall Standardized laws, currency, weights and measures, writing system Standardized laws, currency, weights and measures, writing system Harsh ruler used “Legalism” Harsh ruler used “Legalism” Dynasty falls 1 year after his death Dynasty falls 1 year after his death

13. Han Dynasty 206 BCE-220 CE

14. Expansion of Empire Expansion of Empire North Vietnam, Korea and Central Asia control North Vietnam, Korea and Central Asia control Tribute system developed Tribute system developed Trade along Silk Road booms Trade along Silk Road booms Civil Service examinations based on Confucianism Civil Service examinations based on Confucianism Invention of paper, sundials, broaden use of metals Invention of paper, sundials, broaden use of metals

15. Six Dynasties “Warring States” 220-586 CE Period of turmoil and disunity. Characteristics of the period are: Period of turmoil and disunity. Characteristics of the period are: Wars Wars Plague Plague Political instability Political instability People begin to question traditional belief systems People begin to question traditional belief systems

16. Sui Dynasty 581-618 CE

17. Buddhism popular Buddhism popular Confucian civil service exams Confucian civil service exams Grand Canal started Grand Canal started Rebellions end empire Rebellions end empire

18. Period III 600 CE to 1450 600 CE to 1450

19. Tang Dynasty 618-906 CE

20. Focus on scholarship over soldiers Focus on scholarship over soldiers Known for poetry Known for poetry A mini Golden Age A mini Golden Age Expanded influence to Tibet, Manchuria, Mongolia and Korea Expanded influence to Tibet, Manchuria, Mongolia and Korea Tribute system used Tribute system used Confucian exams continued Confucian exams continued Visited by Byzantines and Arabs Visited by Byzantines and Arabs Rise of warlords ends dynasty Rise of warlords ends dynasty

21. Five Dynasties Period “Warring States” 907-960 CE Brief and unremarkable in terms of military activity and economic progress. Two Artistic Advances: “white ware” porcelain “white ware” porcelain “monumental ink landscape” “monumental ink landscape”

22. Song Dynasty 960-1279 CE

23. Copied Tang model Copied Tang model Developed moveable type printing Developed moveable type printing Influenced Japan and Korea through literature Influenced Japan and Korea through literature Gunpowder invented Gunpowder invented Mini industrial revolution in production of iron Mini industrial revolution in production of iron Used water wheel powered furnaces Used water wheel powered furnaces Champa rice Champa rice Population doubles Population doubles Foot binding Foot binding Neo Confucianism – borrowed Buddhist ideas of soul and individual Neo Confucianism – borrowed Buddhist ideas of soul and individual

24. Yuan Dynasty 1280 1365 CE

25. Kublai Khan Kublai Khan Dismissed Confucian scholars Dismissed Confucian scholars Imported Islamic administrators Imported Islamic administrators Forbid marriage between Mongols and Chinese Forbid marriage between Mongols and Chinese Banned Chinese from learning Mongol language Banned Chinese from learning Mongol language Chinese not allowed to “Mongolize” Chinese not allowed to “Mongolize” Pax Mongolia = trade increases Pax Mongolia = trade increases Paper money Paper money Tax farming Tax farming

26. Period 4 1450-1750 1450-1750

27. Ming Dynasty 1368-1644 CE

28. Return to Confucian principles Return to Confucian principles De-mongolization De-mongolization Zheng He explored S.E. Asia, Indian Ocean to E. Africa 100 years before Europeans. Zheng He explored S.E. Asia, Indian Ocean to E. Africa 100 years before Europeans. “Single whip” system = 1 currency silver “Single whip” system = 1 currency silver Ming porcelain (China) Ming porcelain (China) Problems – Mongols to northwest, pirates off coast, Portuguese arriving, famine Problems – Mongols to northwest, pirates off coast, Portuguese arriving, famine Hired Qing Manchu soldiers to help in Korea Hired Qing Manchu soldiers to help in Korea

29. Period 5 1750-1900 1750-1900

30. Qing China 1644-1912 CE

31. 1773 Opium War 1773 Opium War 1800 White Lotus Rebellion (Buddhists) 1800 White Lotus Rebellion (Buddhists) 1850 Taiping Rebellion 1850 Taiping Rebellion 1860 Self-strengthening movement 1860 Self-strengthening movement 1883 Sino-French war lose Vietnam 1883 Sino-French war lose Vietnam 1893 Sino Japanese war lose Korea and Taiwan 1893 Sino Japanese war lose Korea and Taiwan 1900 Boxer rebellion 1900 Boxer rebellion 1901 foot-binding abolished 1901 foot-binding abolished 1905 2,000 year old examination system abolished 1905 2,000 year old examination system abolished

32. Period 6 1900 to Present 1900 to Present

33. Republic of China 1912-1949 CE

34. 1911 Democratic Revolution 1911 Democratic Revolution Sun Yat-Sen establishes a republic Sun Yat-Sen establishes a republic Kuomindang party (KMT) Kuomindang party (KMT) Westernization Westernization 3 principles = nationalism, socialism, democracy 3 principles = nationalism, socialism, democracy Chiang Kai-shek 1925 military leadership after Sun Yat-Sen dies Chiang Kai-shek 1925 military leadership after Sun Yat-Sen dies WWII KMT and Communists (Mao) fight Japanese WWII KMT and Communists (Mao) fight Japanese 1949 Mao and Communists defeat KMT 1949 Mao and Communists defeat KMT

35. Modern China 1949-Present

36. Mao Zedong Mao Zedong People’s Republic of China People’s Republic of China 1955 Great Leap Forward = agricultural communes (failed) 1955 Great Leap Forward = agricultural communes (failed) 1964 develop nuclear bomb 1964 develop nuclear bomb 1965 Cultural Revolution = remove western influence = forced egalitarianism, “little red book” (failed) 1965 Cultural Revolution = remove western influence = forced egalitarianism, “little red book” (failed) 1972 U.S. President Nixon visits China 1972 U.S. President Nixon visits China 1976 Mao dies 1976 Mao dies

37. 1976 Deng Xiaoping 1976 Deng Xiaoping Restored traditional education, restructured economy Restored traditional education, restructured economy 1980 1 child per family policy 1980 1 child per family policy Westernization Westernization Joint trade with foreign companies Joint trade with foreign companies 1989 Tiananmen Square massacre 1989 Tiananmen Square massacre

38. Comparison of China and USA

39. China: Language Map