1. Wave Behavior BY JON

2. The Physics of Waves  All waves follow the laws of physics no matter what type  Waves can be reflected, refracted, diffracted

3. Reflection  Reflection happens when a wave bounces off an obstacle. Specular reflection: smooth surface  Angle of incidence = angle of reflection Diffuse reflection: rough surface  Reflection in all directions because angle of incidence varies over the surface due to its roughness

4. Law of Reflection angle of incidence= angle of reflection

6. Reflection  An echo - example of a reflection  Radar uses this principle to determine the size, characteristics of, and distance to an object Radar

8. Refraction  Occurs as waves move from one medium into another or within a medium, like air, that varies in density or temperature  Waves bend toward the normal when they move from a less optically dense medium (faster) to a more optically dense medium (slower)normal  Waves bend away from the normal when the opposite is true

9. Refraction θ1θ1 θ2θ2

10. Dispersion The index of refraction of real materials actually depends on the frequency of the light being bent. Dispersion is the explanation for rainbows: Each color has its own frequency  Each gets slowed down differently  Each comes out at a different angle

11. Waves can be classified into three types:  Mechanical waves  Electromagnetic waves  Matter waves

12. Mechanical waves  Mechanical Waves act as the propagation of a disturbance through a material medium due to the repeated periodic motion of the particles of the medium about their mean positions, the disturbance being handed over from one particle to the next.  Examples: vibration of string, vibration of string, the surface wave produced on the surface of solid and liquid, sound waves, tsunami waves, earthquake P-waves, ultra sounds, vibrations in gas, and oscillations in spring, internal water waves, and waves in slink etc.

13. Electromagnetic waves  The existence of medium is not essential for propagation. The Periodic changes takes place in electric and magnetic fields hence it is called Electromagnetic Wave.  Properties: In vacuum E.M waves travel with light velocity.  E.M waves can be polarized.  E.M waves are transverse in nature.  Medium is not required for propagating the E.M waves.  E.M waves have momentum.  Example : Radio waves, light waves, thermal radiation, X ray etc.

14. Matter waves  These are also called De Broglie waves. They show or depict the wave nature or wave like nature of all matter, everything that makes up our body, the atoms etc.  wavelength of matter waves is very small.  The frequency of these waves is directly depends on their kinetic energy.

15. Question?  Which of the three waves deals with tsunami waves? a) Mechanical waves b) Electromagnetic waves c) Matter waves  Which wave property deals with echoing? a) reflected b) refracted c) diffracted

16. Question?  These are also called De Broglie waves a) Mechanical waves b) Electromagnetic waves c) Matter waves  is the explanation for rainbows a) reflected b) refracted c) diffracted

17. Question?  Radio waves and light waves are an example of? a) Mechanical waves b) Electromagnetic waves c) Matter waves