1. NCSSM NASA HUNCH From Durham, North Carolina

2. Peristaltic Pump Abstract Peristaltic Pump: The failure frequency of pumps in astronomical applications is significant. Consequently, a pump with fewer moving parts could decrease the failure rate, allow more efficient replacement of broken parts, and decrease mission expenses. Peristaltic motion, a technique used biologically to propel fluids through the human digestive tract, can be mechanically mimicked to create a pump with few moving parts. The contraction of nitinol wires in sequence compresses a tube, forcing fluids forward. By using resistive heating and the structural properties of shape memory alloy crystals such as nitinol, this product can be integrated into electrical systems more easily, have greater control over fluid motion, and be subject to fewer mechanical failures. A novel development in the field of aerospace engineering, this product can be employed in a wide range of environments and conditions to meet the needs of specific customers.

3. Spinal Project Abstract Spine: Astronauts have reported instances of pain in their lower backs during spaceflight. Because of this we plan to create a model of the lumbar region of the spine. There are two main possible sources of lower back pain: unusual forces between intervertebral discs and the creation of gasses in the intervertebral fluid. Using intervertebral force sensors, we will measure magnitudes of compression and contraction forces exerted on the five lowest vertebrae in the back under microgravity compared to under normal conditions. We will work with area orthopedists to better model the spine ­­ we plan to introduce more realistic muscle tensions and head­ and pelvis­weights. Along with the spine we will fly a column of a liquid representative in viscosity of intervertebral fluid and will monitor its phase and volume to see whether it could be a potential source of pain. With these data we hope to be able to quantitatively determine how much force affects the lumbar region and open up an avenue of research on intervertebral fluid changes in order to support further research on how to best mitigate pain in astronauts.

4. NCSSM NASA HUNCH Durham, North Carolina NASA HUNCH Seminar

5. First, an electrical signal is sent to a nitinol wire. Next, the board rests for a defined length of time. A pulse is then sent to the next wire in sequence. This sequence of pulses continues down the series of wires and is repeated a number of times. The length of time between contractions and duration of each contraction is modified. Ω Meanwhile, the value of a photo resistor is evaluated and associated calculations are made.