1. Topic #4 – The Nile Valley Chapter 2 Section 1
RAP: Look in your text book and write down 3 things you will learn in
Chapter 2 Section 1 (pages 34-46).

2. Chapter 2 Section 1 “The Nile Valley”

3. Topic #4 – The Nile Valley Chapter 2 Section 1
Settling the Nile
Between 6000 BC and 5000 BC, hunters and food gatherers moved into the region
The Nile is the world’s longest river (4,000 miles long)
River delta is the most fertile area
Surrounded by desert with Mediterranean Sea to north and the Red Sea to east (good for trade and protection…why?)

4. The River People
Regular, gentle flooding made it easier for Egyptians to farm better and live more securely
Planted wheat, barley, and flax
Used irrigation systems to trap flood water and dug canals from the basins to the farm lands
Developed tools and methods to improve farming and lifestyle (ex- shadoof, surveying, papyrus)
Developed form of writing called hieroglyphics

5. Topic #4 – The Nile Valley WIO
Answer the questions:
Page 39 – Geography skills #1 and #2
Page 40 – Summarize
Page 42 - Identify

6. Mini Quiz on Friday! Topic #4 – The Nile Valley
RAP: Answer the Study Guide questions 1-5.
Mini Quiz on Friday!

7. A United Egypt
Villages united to form small kingdoms - later formed into larger kingdoms.
3100 BC, the two kingdoms united under Narmer
Egypt would be ruled by 31 dynasties (empires or rulers) over a period of 2800 years
By 4000 BC, Egypt was made up
of two large kingdoms:
Lower and Upper Egypt

8. A United Egypt 3 main time periods: Old Kingdom Middle Kingdom
New Kingdom

9. Traders, artisans, shopkeepers, and scribes
Early Egyptian Life
Egypt’s Social Classes
Pharaoh
Priests and nobles
Traders, artisans, shopkeepers, and scribes
Farmers and Herders
Unskilled Workers

10. Family Life Men: head of the family
Women: could own and pass on property, buy and sell goods, make wills, and obtain divorces (upper class women were in charge of temples and could perform religious ceremonies)
Few children went to school (daughters were taught household duties and boys learned farming or skilled trades)

11. Topic #4 – The Nile Valley WIO
Read Chapter 2 section 1.
Answer Questions p 46, 1-6 only

12. TOPIC #5 - The Old Kingdom
Chapter 2 Section 2
RAP: Define the vocabulary
WORD
DEFINITION
PICTURE
pharaoh
deity
embalm
mummy
pyramid

13. Topic #5 Egypt’s Old Kingdom Chapter 2 Section 2
2600 BC-2300 BC
Egypt grew and prospered: built cities, expanded trade, and set up strong governments
Capital: Memphis
Pharaoh: his word is law!!!

14. Why follow the Pharaoh?
People believed the unity of the kingdom depended on a strong leader.
The Pharaoh was the son of sun god Re.
Thought their pharaoh was a god on earth who controlled Egypt

15. Egypt’s Religion
Worshipped many deities (gods) and believed they controlled nature and human activities (polytheistic!)
Important gods: Re, Hapi, Isis, and Osiris
Believed in life after death

16. Egypt’s Religion (cont.)
Egyptians studied the Book of the Dead to get life after death
Embalming and mummification
Created first medical books which increased knowledge of the human body

17. Topic #5 Egypt’s Old Kingdom WIO
*Write a step-by-step Comic Strip for “Making a Mummy”. Follow the directions according to the worksheet.
*Use details from the text pages 49-50, “Life After Death”.
*Include the following vocabulary words:
deities, embalming, mummy.

18. QUIZ ON FRIDAY!!! Chapter 2 Section 2
Topic #5 Egypt’s Old Kingdom
Today’s RAP
1) Why did the pharaohs hold so much power?
2) Copy the chart and identify each of the
following gods: (page 49)
QUIZ ON FRIDAY!!! Chapter 2 Section 2
Name
Who they are?
Picture Re
Hapi
Isis
Osiris

19. Topic #5 Egypt’s Old Kingdom
The Pyramids
Protect and preserve bodies of dead pharaohs so they could move on to the afterlife.
Took thousands of people and many years to build.
Square base with entrance facing north!
Moved huge stone blocks sometimes 100’s of miles to Nile River and floated them to the building sites.

20. Topic #5 Egypt’s Old Kingdom
The Pyramids (cont.)
Construction required great math skills
Base 10 number system
365 day calendar
Geometry and fractions

21. The Great Pyramid one of the “7 Wonders of the World”
Stands 500 feet high (size of a 48 story building)
9 football fields wide
2 million stone blocks, 2.5 tons each
No help from tools, beasts of burden, or even the wheel!

22. Topic #5 Egypt’s Old Kingdom WIO
Work on your comic strip for making a mummy! Due on Friday!!
Study for Mini Quiz Ch. 2.2
on Friday!!