1. Organizational Stress : Strategies for Management

2. Definitions of Stress Stress arises when I perceive that I am unable to cope with or meet with either External demands/expectations and/or Internal needs/desires and in all the cases I end up having some negative emotions  Stress is the state of arousal with which the body responds to demands

3. State of Arousal  Tense Muscles  Elevated Pulse  Faster Breathing  Release of Glycogen and Cholesterol from Liver  Release of Adrenalin and Corticosteroid from adrenal glands  Release of blood clotting agents

4. Mediating Factors Stressors Perception Personality (A/B Type, Psychological Hardiness etc.) Past Experience Resources (Health, Job Skills, Money etc.) Support (Within and outside the organization) Experienced Stress

5. Type ‘A’ Personality  DRIVES SELF/OTHERS HARD  SUPPRESSION OF FEELINGS  WORKAHOLIC, NO RECREATION  HIGHLY AMBITIOUS  TAKES UPON EXCESSIVE RESPONSIBILITY  ALWAYS IN A HURRY, RESTLESS  LOOKING SERIOUS AND TENSE

6. Physiological Coping Relaxation : Regular Sleep habits, Rests, Vacations, Deep Muscle Relaxation (Shavasana), Meditation Exercise : Stamina Building (Brisk Walking, Swimming etc.) Suppleness (Yoga, Stretch- ing and bending exercises) Strength (Resistance Equipments, sit ups, push ups etc.) Diet : Moderation, Importance of breakfast, sufficient water intake

7. Psychological Coping  Positive Thinking / Attitude  Disputing Negative thoughts  Contentment  Flexibility  Avoiding perfectionism  Avoiding Comparison Trap  Avoiding Control-mania  Locus of Control  High Self-esteem  Having Realistic expectations from self / others

8. Psychological Coping  Self-efficacy  Psychological Hardiness (control, challenge, commitment)  Accepting self / others  Resilience  Modifying internal dialogue  Power of Beliefs (Prayer)  Power of Imagination (Imagery Training, Aversion Therapy)  Viewing Things in a Whole Life way  Personal value Clarification  Problem Solving Approach

9. Behavioural Coping  Avoid Stressful Circumstances  Change Type A Behaviour  Change your Lifestyle  Balanced Life Activities  Develop Support Network  Behaving Assertively  Helping Others  Having a Passion Outside Work  Goal Planning  Time Management/Paper Management

10. Behavioural Coping  Living Within Means  Improving Job Skills, Social Skills, Communication Skills etc.  Modify Work Environment  Behaviour Modification (Self Monitoring, Stimulus Control & Self Reward)  Focus on Learning, Enjoyment and Performance in whatever you are Doing  Humour/Laughter

11. Feelings Experienced Under Stress Anger : Impatience, Irritation, Annoyance, Indignation, Resentment, Frustration, Outrage, Wrath, Fury, Hostility, Hatred, Guilt Anxiety : Worry, Concern, Apprehen- sion, Foreboding, Misgiving, Dread, Helplessness Fear : Alarm, Fright, Panic, Horror, Terror

12. Managing Anger Anger arises whenever I perceive a threat either to my body or to my psychological being.  Do not store your anger as resentment or hostility  Vent anger with less intensity by delaying your response  Take deep breaths and relax your muscles

13. Managing Anger  Release anger through vigorous exercises, talking to others, writing, laughing etc.  Becoming angry less often by avoiding perfectionism, having realistic expectations, being more flexible, empathising with others and by changing your interpretations.

14. Anxiety Management Anxiety arises on account of fear of hurt or loss (of love, of control, of self-esteem)  Calm down by deep breathing and muscle relaxation  Temporariness of difficult times  Positive Thinking (Trust whatever life brings)  Basic belief that somehow you will manage

15. Anxiety Management  Question the Probability of the feared thing happening  Prepare Well  Problem Solving Approach- What is the worst that may happen in this situation; accept it; improve upon the situation  Let go off fantasies  Take one day at a time.

16. Managing Fear  Change the thoughts to change the feelings  Use Logic and facts to break the fear chain  Act Boldly  Confront the Fear by taking safe risks  Focus on what you want to achieve rather than your fears

17. Sources of Work Stress  Work Overload  Role Ambiguity and Role Conflict  Career Development Concerns  Unpleasant Job Conditions  Poor Interpersonal Relations  Aggressive Behaviour including sexual harassment  Conflict between Work and other Roles

18. Organisational Coping Strategies  Role/Goal Clarification  Job Redesign  Flexible Scheduling  Career Counselling  Improvements in the Physical Work Environment  Improving Communication and Information Sharing  Team Building Exercises  Punish Those Involved in Aggressive Behaviours  Empowerment  Improving Quality of Worklife

19. Thank you