3. Disasters and What to Do About It

4. Oh $&%#, It’s a Hurricane !

5. Richard C. Harris, AIA State of Texas, Division of Emergency Management Richard.Harris@associates.dhs.gov rcharris@austin.rr.com

6. AGENDA Your Emergency Management Plan Local Emergency Management State Emergency Management Organization for Emergency Operations State Response Resources for Catastrophic Incidents State Agency & Volunteer Group Resource

7. LOCAL EMERGENCY MGMT Mayors & county judges have responsibility for emergency planning & response within their jurisdictions – May appoint an Emergency Mgmt Coordinator to manage the emergency management program Local emergency management (EM) organizations may be organized at the city or county level or on an interjurisdictional basis (multiple cities & one or more counties) –Interjurisdictional EM agencies are typically supported financially by participating governments

8. Your Emergency Mgt Plan Find a template @ www.state.tx.us.gov Talk to your local RLO or Emergency Management Coordinator Annually, review/revise your plan

9. STATE EMERGENCY MGMT The Governor is responsible for dealing with threats to the State posed by natural & technological disasters & homeland security events An Emergency Mgmt Council has been established to advise & assist the Governor in emergency management – 31 state agencies – American Red Cross & the Salvation Army

10. YOUR ROLE IN AN EMERGENCY You are expected to use your plans, incident management procedures, and resources (including mutual aid resources & volunteer group or industry assistance) to respond to a emergency If your resources are inadequate, you may request local or state gov’t assistance through their Disaster District

11. REQUESTING ASSISTANCE Local disaster declaration is not required to obtain state response aid Local disaster declaration & request to Governor for state disaster declaration is needed for recovery assistance –Sample disaster declarations in Legal Annex of local plans & DEM Recovery Manual –Sample letter to Governor & Disaster Summary Outline (DSO) in DEM Recovery Manual

13. ROLE OF THE STATE State Operations Center SOC in Austin monitors current threats & provides warning/notification to state agencies & local govts. SOC monitors ongoing incidents & disseminates periodic SITREPs to state & federal agencies On a daily basis, SOC responds to local requests for state assistance for limited emergencies

14. ROLE OF THE STATE State Operations Center For major emergencies, state Emergency Management Council is convened at the SOC to coordinate state response SOC coordinates with Governor’s Office –State disaster declarations & requests for federal declaration –Requests for use of National & State Guard –Requests for assistance from other states & federal government

15. REQUESTING ASSISTANCE LOCAL GOVT DISASTER DISTRICT Governor STATE EOC Volunteer Groups Business/Industry Individuals Other StatesFEMA Other Local Govts Volunteer Groups Business/Industry Emergency Management Council Mutual Aid Interstate Compacts

16. The Process Disaster is Declared Ask for Assistance from the Local or State Govt FEMA will determine eligibility, scope, value of assistance, write PW and transfer funds to State State will disperse funds and monitor repairs

17. COMMUNICATIONS

18. EVACUATION

19. FIREFIGHTING

20. LAW ENFORCEMENT

21. SHELTER & MASS CARE

22. SEARCH & RESCUE

23. HAZMAT & OIL SPILL RESPONSE

24. RADIOLOGICAL RESPONSE

25. TRANSPORTATION

26. DONATIONS MANAGEMENT

27. HEALTH & MEDICAL SERVICES

28. PUBLIC WORKS & ENGINEERING

29. ENERGY & UTILITIES

30. Where the RLOs Work... 23 locations statewide; work within DPS Region & District Offices Liaisons with all political subdivisions within their area

31. RLO Role in Response Gathers & reports information to the Disaster District Committees (DDC) & State Operations Center (SOC) Advises and supports the DDCs and local government officials On-scene at emergency events to facilitate coordination of state resources & disseminate information

32. RLO Role in Recovery Views affected areas for damage & needed programs of assistance Facilitates state & federal damage assessment surveys Advises county judges/mayors in preparation of disaster declaration & reporting documents

33. HAZARD MITIGATION

34. Texas is vulnerable to, and at risk from three main hazard categories : 1. Natural Hazards Floods, Hurricanes, Tornados, Wildfires, Ice Storms, Droughts,etc. 2.Technological Hazards Hazardous Materials,Dam Failures, Nuclear Accidents, Power Failures, Fires (uncontrolled- residential,commercial, and Industrial) 3. Human-caused Hazards Terrorists Attacks (NBC, WMD, etc.), Civil Disorder, etc. HAZARD MITIGATION

35. Number Principal Cause Percentage Major Disaster Declarations 1953-2004 % 16 Tornadoes 18 % % 23 Hurricanes/Tropical Storms 26 % % 6 Freezing Weather/Hail 7 % 87 Total 100 % TEXAS HAZARDS FACTS % 42 Floods 48 %

36. TEXAS HAZARDS FACTS Floods Major Disaster Declarations: 38/50% 1. Texas has had approximately 4900 flash floods between 1986 - 2004 2. Texas has 10,775,553 Floodplain acres (Louisiana-- 7,795,336) 3. Texas has had 34,657 repetitive structure losses @ $617 Million since 1978 (Louisiana is #1 with 55,323 losses) 4. Texas has 12,053 Repetitive loss structures with 109 of worst 500 in the country 5. 328,259 NFIP Policies have been written with $41.3 Billion in coverage

37. TORNADOES Major Disaster Declarations: 15/20%  Texas has averaged 148 per year between 1950-2004— Florida has averaged 85 per year  Texas averages about 49 tornado days per year (at least one tornado within a 24 hour period)—Florida averages about 31 days per year  There have been 519 Deaths in Texas between 1950 - 2004  The vast majority are F1-F2, only one F5 each decade TEXAS HAZARDS FACTS

38. HURRICANES/TROPICAL STORMS Major Disaster Declarations:17/22%  Texas has had 37 landfalls since 1900 (Florida has had 57)  Landfall average over that time is every 3.7 years  There are 22 Counties with 159 Cities or about 5,400,000 people at risk in Texas--26% of the population  Many tornadoes are spawned from hurricanes and tropical Storms (Allen-29) (Alicia-22) (Gilbert-29) (Beulah-115) TEXAS HAZARDS FACTS

39. HAZARD MITIGATION Mitigate (v.) –To moderate or lessen (a property of, or condition) in force or intensity; to alleviate. Definitions Mitigation (n.) – The sustained action, or actions taken to moderate or lessen (a property of, or condition) in force or intensity; to alleviate. Hazard Mitigation (n.) –To reduce, and/or eliminate, long-term risk to people, and property from hazards, and their effects.

40. HAZARD MITIGATION The purpose of mitigation is twofold: 1. To protect people and structures, and 2. To minimize the costs of disaster response and recovery. MITIGATION (purpose)

41. HAZARD MITIGATION The consequences of hazards are the root cause of disasters. Mitigation Actions are Pro-active. Preparedness, Response, and Recovery actions are reactive.

42. HAZARD MITIGATION Mitigation is the Foundation of an effective, comprehensive emergency management program. Mitigation’s Place in Emergency Management Planning

43. HAZARD MITIGATION Hazard Mitigation can: Save lives, Reduce human suffering, Reduce the costs of future disasters. Reduce property and infrastructure damages, and

44. There are Three Building Blocks to Successful Mitigation: HAZARD MITIGATION The Mitigation Action Plan (MAP) itself including Hazard Analysis, and The Annex P of the Jurisdictions Emergency Management Plan The Continued update of the MAP

45. Building Block #1 HAZARD MITIGATION  Identifies Mitigation Coordinator and Mitigation Team  Assigns responsibilities and tasks to the Team members  Describes on-going program activities  Consolidates resources and data  Establishes Public Outreach Annex P (the Hazard Mitigation part of the Emergency Management Plan)

46. Building Block #2 HAZARD MITIGATION  Identifies hazards  Quantifies vulnerability and risk  Prioritizes mitigation and preparedness needs  Identifies actions needed and potential projects.  Prioritizes actions/projects based on risk.  Describes benefits, costs, funding sources, work schedule,  and the primary agent for pre- and post- disaster projects. Mitigation Action Plan:

47. MITIGATION ACTION PLAN The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000), Continued Eligibility for PDM and HMGP Mitigation Grants After November 1, 2004 : … 1. If the Local Plan is State and FEMA approved The Sub-applicant is eligible for… HMGP Planning & project grants, and PDM Planning & project grants 2. If the Local Plan is not approved by State and FEMA, The Sub-applicant is eligible for… Only a PDM Planning grant or HMGP Planning grant

48. Building Block #3 HAZARD MITIGATION Insures continued attention to problems (increase of hazard risk or vulnerability) Insures actions (applications and their projects) are ‘Ready to Go’ when political will crystallizes, and Documents successes for continued support Updating The MAP:

49. What Do I Do Next? HAZARD MITIGATION Get Your Jurisdiction to Appoint a Hazard Mitigation Coordinator Organize or Participate in a Community Hazard Mitigation Team Adopt an Annex P (EMP) Develop and Implement a Mitigation Action Plan (MAP)

50. HAZARD MITIGATION Successful mitigation requires a long-term commitment, active participation, and funding.

51. Remember! Hazard Mitigation saves lives, homes and memories!!! HAZARD MITIGATION

52. FEMA 364: Planning for a More Sustainable Future FEMA 386-2: Understanding Communities Risk – Identify Hazards & Determining Risk FEMA 386-3: Developing the Mitigation Plan – Identifying Mitigation Actions & Implementation Strategies FEMA 386-7: Integrating Human Caused Hazards into Mitigation Planning The following is a FEMA “Frequently Asked Questions” site on mitigation planning: http://www.fema.gov/fima/planfaq.shtmhttp://www.fema.gov/fima/planfaq.shtm The following is a link to Annex P, Annex P Planning Notes and Checklist P (State Standards): http://www.txdps.state.tx.us/dem/documents.htm#annexp http://www.txdps.state.tx.us/dem/documents.htm#annexp Resources The following documents are located at http://www.fema.gov/fima/planresource.shtm: http://www.fema.gov/fima/planresource.shtm:

53. Planning Grants Develop, improve, and implement emergency plans required under the Emergency Planning and Community Right- To-Know Act (EPCRA) –Develop Response procedures –Perform a hazards analysis Assessment of flow patterns of hazardous materials through your jurisdiction –What do you have –How does it get there

54. Planning Grants Conduct hazardous materials transportation related emergency drills and exercises. Any other planning project relating to the transportation of hazardous materials which is recommended by DEM and approved by the SERC.

55. The Process Decide on your project –Must be able to complete in about 6 months –Voted on and approved by your LEPC –Financial Agent Develop a submission package –Send the package to DEM

56. Law Enforcement Terrorism Prevention Program (LETPP) Provides support to state and local law enforcement agencies to help detect, deter, disrupt and prevent terrorism.

57. DallamLipscomb Moore Hemphill Potter Gray Parmer Cochran Yoakum Hall Hale Motley LubbockDickens Andrews King Terry Sherman Hansford Ochiltree Hutchinson Wheeler RandallArmstrong Donley CastroBriscoe Childress Cottle Hardeman Foard Hartley Roberts Oldham Carson Deaf Smith Collingsworth Bailey Swisher Lamb Floyd Hockley Crosby Gaines Knox Lynn GarzaKentStonewall El Paso HudspethCulberson Jeff Davis Reeves LovingWinkler Ward Ector Dawson Martin Mitchell Zavala UvaldeKinney Edwards Val Verde Presidio Brewster McMullen La Salle Dimmit Jim Wells Webb Brooks Kenedy Starr Hidalgo Willacy Cameron Bowie Cass Camp Titus Frankli n Morris Rains Marion Kaufman Harrison Panola Gregg Rusk Bell Williamson Milam Sabine Trinity Upshur Wood Van Zandt Navarro Hill Cherokee Freestone McLennan Falls Shelby Nacogdoches San Augustine Jasper Jefferson Tyler Walker Polk Robertson Madison Brazos Hardin San Jacinto Grimes Liberty Chambers Montgomery Burleson Lee Ellis Goliad Bee Live Oa k Maverick Refugio Nueces San Patricio Kleberg Duval Zapata Jim Hogg Smith Henderson Anderson Leon Limestone Travis Hays Comal Houston Angelina Newton Orange Cooke Grayson Fannin Collin Denton Hunt Lamar Delta Hopkins Dallas Red River Rockwall Nolan Baylor Jones Shackelford Stephens Archer Young Taylor Fisher Haskell Throckmorton Callahan Eastland Scurry Howard Borden Parker Erath Palo Pinto Montague Clay Wichita Wilbarger Wise Jack Upton Brown Coleman Runnels Coke Sterling Glasscock Midland Crane Menard McCulloch Concho Sutton Schleicher Tom Green Crockett Pecos Irion Reagan Comanche Hood Bosque Somervell Hamilton Kimble Mason Mills San Saba Blanco Burnet Lampasas Johnson Gillespie Terrell Llano Coryell Tarrant Washington Fayette Lavaca Jackson Wharton Colorado Austin Fort Bend Brazoria Harris Bastrop Matagorda Kerr Real Bexar Wilson Karnes Caldwell Guadalupe Gonzales DeWitt Waller Calhoun Victoria Kendall Atascosa Frio Medina Bandera Galveston Aransas Texas UASI DFW Metropolitan UASI Jurisdictions within and including the counties of Dallas, Collin, Denton, Kaufman, Rockwall, Tarrant, and Wise. The Counties of Parker and Johnson, North Central Texas COG, DFW Airport and the DFW Hospital Council actively participate, but are not core (voting) members. Houston UASI Jurisdictions within and including the counties of Harris, Fort Bend and Montgomery. The counties of Brazoria and Galveston, The Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County and the Port of Houston actively participate, but are not core (voting) members. San Antonio UASI Jurisdictions within and including the counties of Bexar and Comal. The Alamo Area Council of Governments actively participates, but is not core (voting) member.

58. Information Technology and Evaluation Program (ITEP) A competitive program intended to foster and evaluate uses of existing, “state-of- the-market” information technology that will demonstrate how to remove barriers and improve information sharing and integration. NCTCOG received a grant for a wireless integration project at Dallas Love Field.

59. Emergency Management Performance Grant (EMPG) The program supports comprehensive emergency management at the state and local levels. The program encourages preparedness for all hazards.

61. On Site Visits Process Communicate with sub-recipient within 3 weeks of visit. Communication with COG regarding visit. Follow up with e-mail and guidance on what visits will consist of. Send formal letter.

62. On Site Visits Auditing/Compliance of sub-grantees is required by grant guidelines Found discrepancies will be noted Follow up visits Failure to achieve compliance can jeopardize current and/or future funding

63. SAA On Site Visits Announced visits Unannounced visits Follow Up visits –Phone call to COG; followed by e-mail –COG representatives may accompany Audit/Compliance Specialists

64. Contact Information HSGP Section Manager Ben Patterson (512)424-7802 E-mail ben.patterson@txdps.state.tx.us Grant Operations Unit Supervisor Mike Sheffield (512)424-7803 E-mail mike.sheffield@txdps.state.tx.us Audit and Compliance Unit Supervisor Edwin Staples (512)424-7805 E-mail edwin.staples@txdps.state.tx.us Business Operations Unit Supervisor Oralia Huggins (512)424-7818 E-mail oralia.huggins@txdps.state.tx.us

65. Preparing the Plan

66. Overview  Planning Document Review Process  Plan Maintenance  Preparedness Levels  Jurisdiction Profiles  Review of Previous Modules  Course Knowledge Survey

67. Planning Document Review Process Plans Unit RLO EMC

68. Basic Preparedness Level  Definition:  Minimum level of preparedness  Provides a basic capacity for direction and control, and population protection  Meets Federal SARA Title III requirements  Planning Requirements:  All legal documents  A Basic Emergency Management Plan that meets required state planning standards  Annexes (next slide)

69. Basic Preparedness Level  Current Functional Annexes For: A -- Warning B -- Communications C -- Shelter & Mass Care E -- Evacuation I -- Emergency Public Information M -- Resource Management N -- Direction & Control O -- Human Services Q -- Hazardous Materials & Oil Spill Response V – Terrorist Incident Response

70. Basic Preparedness Level  Training Requirements  Public Official’s Conference on Emergency Management (DEM Course G200) OR  Basic Emergency Management Workshop (DEM Course G610)  Exercise Requirements  One exercise annually, either a tabletop, functional, or full-scale

71. Intermediate Preparedness Level  Definition:  Provides enhancement over a basic capacity through inclusion of additional emergency support services and functions.  Provides an increased capability for responding to and managing emergencies and disasters. Planning Requirements:  All documents required at the Basic Level  Plus Additional Annexes (next slide)

72.  Additional Current Annexes For: D -- Radiological Protection F -- Firefighting G -- Law Enforcement H -- Health & Medical Services J -- Recovery K -- Public Works & Engineering L -- Utilities R -- Search & Rescue S -- Transportation Intermediate Preparedness Level

73.  Training Requirements  Training required at the Basic Level  Emergency Planning (G235)  Texas Disaster Recovery (G620)  Exercise Requirements  Tabletop Exercise AND  Functional Exercise that exercises multiple emergency functions both within the last calendar year

74. Advanced Preparedness Level  Definition  Highest level of preparedness  Provides the jurisdiction with the greatest capability to respond and manage disasters and emergencies  Requirement for participation in the Emergency Management Preparedness Grant (EMPG) program  Planning Requirements  All documents required at the Basic and Intermediate Levels plus additional four

75.  Current Functional Annexes For: P -- Hazard Mitigation T -- Donations Management U -- Legal Advanced Preparedness Level

76.  Training Requirements  Training required for Basic & Intermediate Levels  Principles of Emergency Management (G230)  Texas Hazard Mitigation (G710)  Developing Volunteer Resources (G244)  Texas Exercise Design & Evaluation (G920)  Debris Management (G202)  Incident Command System (G193)  Donations Management (G288)

77. Exercise Requirements  Conduct Annually Tabletop Exercise AND Functional or Full Scale AND Full-scale exercise at least once every four years Advanced Preparedness Level

78. Requesting Assistance Johnna Cantrell 512-424-2452 Will O’Neill 512-424-2598 David Larner 512-424-2449 Josh Miller 512-424-2589 Jeannie Lecklider 512-424-5989 Veronica Bradshaw 512-424-5379 Jim Ogden 512-424-5677 E-Mails: first name.last name@txdps.state.tx.us Lee Bergeron 512-424-2588 Rex Ogle 512-424-2549 Justin Lopez 512-424-2449

79. Stafford Act Authorizes Federal Assistance to supplement the efforts of State and local governments. 44 Code of Federal Regulations

80. Objectives Factors jurisdictions need to consider before requesting assistance. The proper flow of requests for assistance. The declaration process and the factors considered by FEMA.

81. Response Vs. Recovery Define response and recovery: Response – Activities taken immediately before, during or directly after an emergency that save lives, minimize property damage or improve recovery. Recovery – Activities that restore vital life-support systems to minimum operating standards and long-term activities that help return life to normal.

82. Response Vs. Recovery Response Assistance – Must be routed through the Disaster District Committee (DDC). Assistance can range from Tx. DOT for debris removal to Salvation Army. Recovery Assistance – Must be routed through the DDC. Financial assistance can range from the Office of Rural Community Affairs to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)

83. Requesting Recovery Assistance The most important question that a jurisdiction needs to answer is: Can the jurisdiction recover without aid from the State and/or Federal government? Once a damage assessment is complete and the results have been compiled, a decision can be made if outside aid is needed.

84. Recovery Considerations 1.What is the impact on the tax base? If a large number of homes and businesses are destroyed, they may have to be removed from the tax rolls, severely restricting income for both short and long-term recovery periods.

85. Recovery Considerations (cont.) 2.Budget Status Does the jurisdiction’s budget have sufficient funds to make needed repairs to public property? If not, can the jurisdiction reprioritize non-disaster related projects and use those funds to recover?

86. Recovery Considerations (cont.) 3.Volunteer Agency Availability Can local charitable organizations take care of the needs of families whose homes are damaged? 4.Status of Utilities Are basic utilities operational? Priority must be given to repairing water and sewage facilities. Electricity must be brought online quickly too.

87. Recovery Considerations (cont.) 5.Labor Force Are labor forces sufficient to handle all repairs in a reasonable amount of time?

88. 4 Levels of Participation City – City requests to the County County – County requests to the State State – State requests to other State Agencies or Federal Federal City County Federal State

89. Governor’s Request for A Presidential Declaration The request is based on finding that The situation is of such severity and magnitude that effective response is beyond State and local capabilities and Federal assistance is necessary to supplement State and local government efforts to save lives; to protect property public health, and safety; or to lessen or avert the threat of disaster.

90. Governor’s Request (Continued) The request includes information containing Confirmation that the State Emergency Plan was executed; A description of response efforts and resources of State and local governments and other Federal agencies used or to be used; and Types and extent of additional Federal aid required.

91. Declaration Request Factors… FEMA will consider –Amount and type of damage –Impact of the disaster –Available resources w/o the declaration –Availability of insurance –Imminent threat to life and property –Disaster history –Other federal agencies that might assist

92. If Declaration is Approved Local governments, GDEM and FEMA begin coordination for the deployment of recovery assistance. Before any federal recovery assistance can be provided, the State and FEMA must agree to the terms of a FEMA/ State Agreement as to how the disaster will be managed.

93. Joint Field Office (JFO) Facility where federal, state, local and volunteer groups work together Widespread disaster may require satellite JFOs

94. Request SBA Assistance Governor Co. Judge Mayor SBA Area 3 SBAAdministrator

95. Sequence of Events Summary Disaster requests flow from the City, to the County, to the State and then to the Federal Government. Local governments must look at several factors to see if assistance is needed In order for the State to request assistance from the FEMA, an event must be out of the realm for the City, County and State to respond.

96. Overhead or Administrative Collect Information Demographic Data Property Tax Data Budgetary Information Telephone Sampling Determine Needs and Costs Prepare Mayor’s / Judge’s Request

97. Assessment Environment Political Pressure The Media Resource Availability The Nature of the Disaster

98. Damage Assessment Summary The three types of assessments are rapid, windshield and site. Site assessment being the most resource dependant. Assessment teams will review damages to homes/businesses and infrastructure. It is important to conduct pre-disaster damage assessment training.

99. Small Business Administration (SBA) Loans Home - Up to $ 200,000 Personal Property - Up to $ 40,000 Business - Up to $ 1.5 million SBA makes low-interest loans to homeowners, renters and businesses that were affected by the disaster

100. Crisis Counseling Available to anyone in the designated disaster area Offers two types of Services: 100% FEMA Funded / State Administered: Administered by the Department of State Health Services 1. Immediate Services (up to 60 days) 2. Regular Services (may extend for 9 months from the date of program application approval)

101. Fraud Make sure disaster aid goes to those who deserve it If you suspect someone has filed a false damage claim It is a violation of Federal law to file a false claim Call the FEMA Fraud Hotline at 1-800-323-8603

102. Applicant Eligibility State Agencies and Authorities Local Governments Certain Private Non-Profit Organizations Indian Tribes or Tribal Organizations

103. Private Non-Profit (PNP) Educational Utility Emergency Medical Custodial Care Essential Governmental Service

104. Applicant’s Briefing A State sponsored meeting with local representatives who potentially may be eligible to receive Public Assistance. Attendees should not have to travel more than an hour to attend the meeting.

105. Applicant’s Briefing Cont. The State and FEMA present information on the general requirements of the program. 3 forms are handed out: Request for Public Assistance, Designation of Applicant’s Agent and Direct Deposit Authorization

106. Critical Service PNP Critical Services PNP apply to FEMA “Critical Services” are defined as: power, water (including water provided by an irrigation organization or facility), sewer, waste water treatment, communications and emergency medical care.

107. What The PW Says IB RAR Y L LIBRARY Damage description and location list with actual or estimated costs Scope of work necessary to repair disaster damage. Identifies all special consideration issues

108. Work Eligibility Related to Disaster Active Use Insurance Other Federal Programs Volunteer Resources Mutual Aid Owned $1,000

109. PW Administration Federal Share - Local Share Emergency Work - Permanent Work Large PW - Small PW Large ($55,500 and greater) Actual Costs Small (Under $55,500) Estimate

110. Administrative Allowance 3% of first $100,000 = $3,000 2% of next $900,000 = $18,000 1% of next $4,000,000 = $40,000 1/2% over $5,000,000 = $25,000 +

111. Performing Approved Work Force Account –Salaries & Fringe Benefits –Equipment –Material Contract –Follow State Law –Debarment List –No Cost Plus Contracts –Engineering & Design Costs

112. Alternatives Restore to Pre-disaster Condition Improved Projects –Limited to the PW amount only –Must be approved by GDEM Alternate Projects –Funding limited to 75% of Federal Share –Must be approved by FEMA Uncompleted Work

113. Project Completion Project Listing and Certification Report (P.4) Quarterly Reviews Project Cost Summary Project Review Final Inspections Insurance

114. Appeals Any FEMA determination (60 days) Cost Overrun on Small Projects (10% rule)

115. Documentation Labor Materials Equipment Contracts / Rental Equipment

116. Common problems that come up… Poor Project Accounting Unsupported Costs Duplication of Benefits Excessive Equipment Charges Unrelated Project Costs Unapplied Credits Poor Contracting Practices

117. Public Assistance Summary State agencies, authorities, local and tribal governments and some private non-profit agencies are eligible for PA. Materials, labor, equipment and contracts are all costs that must be tracked. Mitigation is an additional form of funding that should be utilized when making repairs.

118. Questions?