1. Chapter 8, Lesson 3 The World at War Mister Julian’s 5th Grade Class

2. Essential Question  What were the major battles that were the turning points in World War II?

3. Places  Normandy, France  Iwo Jima, Japan  Hiroshima, Japan  Normandy, France  Iwo Jima, Japan  Hiroshima, Japan

4. People  Chester Nimitz  Dwight D. Eisenhower  George S. Patton  Douglas MacArthur  Harry S. Truman  Anne Frank  Chester Nimitz  Dwight D. Eisenhower  George S. Patton  Douglas MacArthur  Harry S. Truman  Anne Frank

5. Vocabulary  Battle of Midway  Battle of Stalingrad  Battle of the Bulge  Concentration Camps  Holocaust  Battle of Midway  Battle of Stalingrad  Battle of the Bulge  Concentration Camps  Holocaust

6. American Soldiers  More than 16 million Americans served in the military during World War II  Thanks to the Navajo language our codes were never broken.  More than 16 million Americans served in the military during World War II  Thanks to the Navajo language our codes were never broken.

7. Major Turning Points  The Battle of Midway was the turning point in the war against Japan.  Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz, Commander of the Pacific, was informed from code- breakers that an attack would happen at Midway.  After the battle Japan’s navy was no longer strong enough to take over new lands.  The Battle of Midway was the turning point in the war against Japan.  Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz, Commander of the Pacific, was informed from code- breakers that an attack would happen at Midway.  After the battle Japan’s navy was no longer strong enough to take over new lands.

8. Major Turning Points  Another turning point came when the Soviet army stopped the German army from advancing at the Battle of Stalingrad.  The German army, for the first time, had to retreat.  Another turning point came when the Soviet army stopped the German army from advancing at the Battle of Stalingrad.  The German army, for the first time, had to retreat.

9. Victory in Europe  By the Spring of 1944, the Soviet army had pushed the Germans out of the Soviet Union.  The Allies had defeated the Axis forces in North Africa and Italy.  American General Dwight D. Eisenhower, commanding Allied forces Europe, chose Normandy, France as the location of the Allied invasion.  By the Spring of 1944, the Soviet army had pushed the Germans out of the Soviet Union.  The Allies had defeated the Axis forces in North Africa and Italy.  American General Dwight D. Eisenhower, commanding Allied forces Europe, chose Normandy, France as the location of the Allied invasion.

10. Victory in Europe  On June 6, 1944 the largest invasion in history would begin with 175,000 soldiers and 6,000 ships.  The battle had heavy Allied loses but they were victorious.  The Allies began liberating towns on their way to Germany.  On June 6, 1944 the largest invasion in history would begin with 175,000 soldiers and 6,000 ships.  The battle had heavy Allied loses but they were victorious.  The Allies began liberating towns on their way to Germany.

11. Victory in Europe  The German’s final attack happened at the Battle of the Bulge, in Belgium.  Both sides had heavy loses but when General George S. Patton’s Third Army came into position, the battle ended with an Allied victory.  As the Allies were approaching German from the west, the Soviet Union attacked from the east.  The German’s final attack happened at the Battle of the Bulge, in Belgium.  Both sides had heavy loses but when General George S. Patton’s Third Army came into position, the battle ended with an Allied victory.  As the Allies were approaching German from the west, the Soviet Union attacked from the east.

12. Victory in Europe  The Soviets captured the capital city of Berlin and reported that Hitler had killed himself.  On May 8, 1945 Germany surrendered.  The Allies named May 8 - “VE-Day” for Victory in Europe.  The Soviets captured the capital city of Berlin and reported that Hitler had killed himself.  On May 8, 1945 Germany surrendered.  The Allies named May 8 - “VE-Day” for Victory in Europe.

13. Victory in Asia  As the war was nearing the end in Europe, the battle for the Pacific still raged on.  General Douglas MacArthur’s plan to victory was called “island hopping.”  The idea was to slowly capture valuable islands closer and closer to Japan.  As the war was nearing the end in Europe, the battle for the Pacific still raged on.  General Douglas MacArthur’s plan to victory was called “island hopping.”  The idea was to slowly capture valuable islands closer and closer to Japan.

14. Victory in Asia  In February 1945 the United States Marines landed on the Japanese island of Iwo Jima, Japan.  The battle was the most costly of the entire war.  Following the victory the Americans landed on the island of Okinawa.  American losses were nearly 50,000 and the Japanese were even higher.  In February 1945 the United States Marines landed on the Japanese island of Iwo Jima, Japan.  The battle was the most costly of the entire war.  Following the victory the Americans landed on the island of Okinawa.  American losses were nearly 50,000 and the Japanese were even higher.

15. Victory in Asia  On April 12, 1945, President Roosevelt suddenly died.  Vice President Harry S. Truman was sworn into office.  Truman had the biggest decision any President has ever had to make, use the atomic bomb or not.  On April 12, 1945, President Roosevelt suddenly died.  Vice President Harry S. Truman was sworn into office.  Truman had the biggest decision any President has ever had to make, use the atomic bomb or not.

16. Victory in Asia  If we did not use the atomic bomb, American losses were projected well over 1,000,000 in taking Japan.  However, if we used the “bomb” it would unleash a force never seen before.  On August 6, 1945 an Air Force bomber named the Enola Gay dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan.  If we did not use the atomic bomb, American losses were projected well over 1,000,000 in taking Japan.  However, if we used the “bomb” it would unleash a force never seen before.  On August 6, 1945 an Air Force bomber named the Enola Gay dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan.

17. Victory in Asia  Three days later the U.S. dropped another atomic bomb over Nagasaki, Japan.  The two bombs killed over 150,000 people.  Japan surrendered on August 14, 1945.  This was called “VJ-Day” or Victory over Japan.  Three days later the U.S. dropped another atomic bomb over Nagasaki, Japan.  The two bombs killed over 150,000 people.  Japan surrendered on August 14, 1945.  This was called “VJ-Day” or Victory over Japan.

18. The Holocaust  When Adolf Hitler came into power he hated the Jews and blamed them for all of Germany’s problems.  The Nazi government passed laws that limited the rights of Jews.  Soon these laws required all Jews to report to work camps.  When Adolf Hitler came into power he hated the Jews and blamed them for all of Germany’s problems.  The Nazi government passed laws that limited the rights of Jews.  Soon these laws required all Jews to report to work camps.

19. The Holocaust  These work camps were actually concentration camps where the people were treated harshly.  Many of the people were killed when they arrived and others were tortured, starved, and used as slave labor.  As the allies liberated Europe these camps were discovered to the horror of the troops.  These work camps were actually concentration camps where the people were treated harshly.  Many of the people were killed when they arrived and others were tortured, starved, and used as slave labor.  As the allies liberated Europe these camps were discovered to the horror of the troops.

20. The Holocaust  The Nazi’s murdered about 6 million Jews and about 6 million non-Jews.  This period in history is called the Holocaust.  A Jewish girl named Anne Frank lived in an area of Europe that was taken over by the Germans in 1942.  The Nazi’s murdered about 6 million Jews and about 6 million non-Jews.  This period in history is called the Holocaust.  A Jewish girl named Anne Frank lived in an area of Europe that was taken over by the Germans in 1942.

21. The Holocaust  Anne and her family hid from the Germans instead of going to the concentration camps.  Anne was 13 when she went into hiding.  In 1944, the Germans found the hiding place and sent her, with her family, to the camps.  She died just 2 months before the camp was freed by the Allies.  Anne and her family hid from the Germans instead of going to the concentration camps.  Anne was 13 when she went into hiding.  In 1944, the Germans found the hiding place and sent her, with her family, to the camps.  She died just 2 months before the camp was freed by the Allies.

22. The Cost of War  World War Two was the bloodiest war in the history of the world.  Between 40 and 50 million soldiers and civilians died in the conflict.  The only war where more Americans died was the Civil War.  The world now had a new threat, the atomic bomb.  The bomb will change the world forever!  World War Two was the bloodiest war in the history of the world.  Between 40 and 50 million soldiers and civilians died in the conflict.  The only war where more Americans died was the Civil War.  The world now had a new threat, the atomic bomb.  The bomb will change the world forever!

23. Timeline  June 1944 - Allied forces began liberating Western Europe  May 1945 - Germany surrenders  August 1945 - After two atomic bombs, Japan surrenders.  June 1944 - Allied forces began liberating Western Europe  May 1945 - Germany surrenders  August 1945 - After two atomic bombs, Japan surrenders.

24. Writing Response  Explain one major turning point in world War II.