1. What You Need to Know About Sexually Transmitted Diseases
STDs
What You Need to Know About Sexually Transmitted Diseases

2. Definition of STDs
Are infectious diseases that spread from person to person
If left untreated some STDs can cause permanent damage, such as infertility and even death
STDs spread easily because you can’t tell whether someone has an infection. In fact, some people with STDs don’t even know that they have them.

3. STD Statistics
More than half of all people will have an STD at some point in their lifetime
Each year, 1 out of 4 teens contracts an STD
1 out of 2 sexually active persons will contract an STD by the age of 25
1 out of 20 people in the United States will be infected with Hepatitis B at some point in their lifetime. It is 100x more infectious than HIV
1 in 5 Americans have genital herpes

4. Chlamydia
Is the most common STDs in the U.S. because it is spread easily and often causes no symptoms
75% of women and 50% of men have no symptoms
It is especially common in men and women under the age of 25

5. About Chlamydia What is Chlamydia? How is it spread?
It is an infection caused by a kind of bacteria that is passed during sexual contact.
How is it spread?
Sexual Contact
From mother to infant during birth
*It is not spread by casual contact

6. Signs and Symptoms of Chlamydia
**Usually Chlamydia has no symptoms**
Males:
Painful or difficult urination
Swollen or tender testicles
Pus, watery or milky discharge
Females:
Pain in lower abdomen
Painful urination
Painful intercourse
Low-grade fever
Need to urinate more frequently than normal

7. Treatment and Prevention of Chlamydia
Antibiotics
Can either be given in one dose or for seven days
Prevention
ABSTINENCE

8. Gonorrhea

9. Gonorrhea Also called “the clap” or “the dip”
It is the 2nd most commonly spread STD in the U.S. after chlamydia
It infects more than 800,000 men and women in the U.S. each year.
If left untreated it can be a serious health risk
People diagnosed with Gonorrhea often have Chlamydia at the same time.

10. About Gonorrhea What is Gonorrhea? How is Gonorrhea Spread?
An infection caused by a kind of bacteria that is passed during sexual contact
Can infect the penis, vagina, cervix, anus, urethra or throat
How is Gonorrhea Spread?
Sexual Contact
Mother to infant at birth
**It is not passed through casual contact.**

11. Signs and Symptoms of Gonorrhea
Often times there are no symptoms. This is especially true for women
Male
Female
Frequent painful urination
Yellow discharge from the urethra
Tenderness in the groin or testicles
**Typically no signs – 4/5 women have no signs
Pain in lower abdomen
Painful Intercourse/Urination
Menstrual irregularities
Yellowish or Yellow-Green vaginal discharge

12. Treatment and Prevention of Gonorrhea
Antibiotics
If left untreated it can be a serious health threat for both men and women
Can Cause:
Infertility
Arthritis
Prevention
ABSTINENCE

13. Hepatitis B

14. Hepatitis B Facts
About 46,000 American Men, Women and Children become infected with Hepatitis each year
Most of the infections occur between the ages of 20 to 49

15. About Hepatitis B? What is Hepatitis B? How is Hepatitis B Spread?
Hepatitis is an infection of the liver caused by caused by a group of viruses
3 Types of Hepatitis viruses can be spread through sexual contact but the most common is Hepatitis B.
How is Hepatitis B Spread?
Person to another through blood and other bodily fluids
Dirty Needles
Pregnant woman can pass hepatitis B to her unborn baby
*You cannot get Hepatitis from an object. For example you cannot get it from a toilet seat

16. Signs and Symptoms of Hepatitis B
Flu-like symptoms
Extreme tiredness
Vomiting
Joint Pain
Headache
Fever
Yellowing of skin and eyes(Jaundice)
Dark Urine

17. Treatment and Prevention of Hepatitis B
There is no medicine that can cure Hepatitis B
In most cases it goes away by itself within 4-8 weeks
“Carriers” of Hepatitis B cannot get rid of the infection and it can lead to severe liver disease including liver cancer and liver damage
Can be controlled with antibiotics
Prevention
ABSTINENCE
Get the Hepatitis B Vaccine – Given as an infant
Don’t share needles

18. Herpes

19. Herpes More than half of American adults have oral herpes
1 out of 6 American adults have genital herpes
Millions of people do not know they have herpes because they do not notice or have never had the symptoms

20. About Herpes What is Herpes? How is Herpes Spread?
It is caused by two different but closely related viruses
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2
It remains in the body for life and are easy to contract
The symptoms can come and go
How is Herpes Spread?
Sexual Contact
Can be passed by kissing or skin to skin contact
Most contagious when sores are open, moist, or leaking fluid
*The virus does not live outside the body for long so you cannot catch from an object, such as a toilet

21. Signs and Symptoms of Herpes
Itching or pain
Typically followed by sores that appear a few hours to a few days later
Feel burning when urinating
During the Initial Stages
Flu-like Symptoms:
Fever
Headache
Swollen Lymph Nodes
Chills
Tired
Initial Herpes Sores heal in about 2-4 weeks
The virus stays in the body and can flare up again

22. Treatment and Prevention of Herpes
No cure but there are medications to ease the symptoms
The medication helps speed up the healing of sores and helps prevent them from returning
While there is no cure outbreaks do become weaker and fewer over a few years
Prevention
ABSTINENCE
Don’t touch the sores it may spread it from one person to another and one body part to another

23. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

24. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
There are more than 100 types of HPV
40 types of HPV can infect the genitals
HPV is so common that nearly all sexually active men and women get it at some point in their lives but most people don’t know it

25. About HPV What is HPV? How is HPV Spread?
It is a virus and is a common infection.
Most HPV infections have no harmful effects
Some types of HPV cause genital warts
Some types of HPV cause cervical cancer
How is HPV Spread?
Spread by skin to skin contact.

26. Signs and Symptoms of HPV
Genital Warts:
Small bumps or group of bumps in the genital area
Cancer:
Usually does not have any symptoms until it is too late
This why screenings are done routinely

27. Treatment and Prevention of HPV
There is no treatment for the virus itself
Most do not require treatment and go away themselves
Warts can be removed by the patient with medication
Cancer – Diagnose and treat early
Prevention:
ABSTINENCE
Get the vaccination - It can protect women against 2 of the HPV types that cause 70% of all cases of cervical cancer
3 shots given over 6 months
Routine screenings for cancer

28. Syphilis

29. Syphilis
About 36,000 men and women become infected with syphilis each year.
Men suffer 1.5 times more than females
Mostly occurs between people ages 20 – 39 years old

30. About Syphilis What is Syphilis? How is Syphilis Spread?
Bacteria caused by a microorganism that are passed sexually. It can be a serious health risk if not treated.
How is Syphilis Spread?
By contact with syphilis sores
Especially contagious in the early stages of the disease
The liquid that oozes from the sores is very infectious
Mother to infant prior to birth
Including latent untreated syphilis
**You cannot catch syphilis from a towel, doorknob or toilet seat

31. First Stage (Primary Stage) Later Stage (Secondary Stage) Final stage
(Late Stage)
Small red bumps at the point of infection (chancre)
Painless sore
Swollen Glands
These symptoms can come and go for up to 2 years:
Rash (Palms of hands/soles of feet)
Joint Pain
Mild Fever
Hair Loss
Fatigue
Weight Loss
Damage to nervous system, heart, brain or other organs
Difficulty walking
Numbness
Gradual blindness
Possibly even death

32. Treatment and Prevention of Syphilis
Antibiotic – during early stages easy to treat
Any damage done during later stages cannot be undone
Prevention:
ABSTINENCE