1. 3.02 The Information Superhighway
Unit Internet Basics
3.02 The Information Superhighway

2. Introduction
In Lesson 3.01, you learned that computers are networked so that they can share data, programs, and devices.
A computer network may be small or it may be large; the largest network known to us, of course, is the Internet.
The World Wide Web is the collection of information that is available through the use of the Internet.

3. Introduction
Computers are organized and located on a network through their IP addresses.
Just like you have a home address where you can receive snail mail, your computer’s IP address allows to find you.
When a web page is uploaded through a file server, the server computer’s IP address becomes part of that website’s URL address.
Because numbers are difficult to remember, most host computers apply for a domain name for their IP address.

4. Introduction At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe networked computer functions (ACOS #1.B1)
Identify the parts of a URL
Apply Boolean logic to narrow Internet searches
Distinguish between search box and address box

5. Lesson: Untangling the Web
Computer Addresses
Known as Uniform Resource Locators (URL)
Organizes computers on the Internet
No two computers have the same URL address
Enables computers to be located

6. Lesson: Untangling the Web
Parts of the URL
Protocol
Machine Address (a name for its IP number)
Host computer, which is Web server
They accept requests from Web browsers
Folders
That need to be opened
To locate exact file being requested
Slashes (/) represent folders
Last part is the actual filename followed by file extension identifying the file as an HTML file
The basic structure of a URL is:
protocol://server-name.domain-name/directory/filename

7. Lesson: Untangling the Web
What is a Domain Name?
Gives a name to the server computer’s IP number
It identifies the computer that is a server
Have to apply for a domain name
With Internet provider
So that no machines can have the same address
A country code is sometimes, but not always, included
Example: .ac.ukindicates that it’s located on an academic server in the United Kingdom
Many U.S. servers do not have the country code in their UR

8. Lesson: Untangling the Web
Misc.
In the URL, a tilde ~ usually indicated a personal web directory rather than being part of the organization's official web site.
Slashes (/) represent directories
Generally speaking, the more directories, the more complex the site
Domain and server names
not always good clues about the source of information
People can call their servers any name they wish

9. Lesson: Searching the World Wide Web
The Difference Between Search Box and Address Box
There are two text boxes at the top of Web browsers; be sure to key into the correct box
If you know an exact URL address, key it in the Address Box
If you do not know an exact URL address and know only a topic that you want to search, key that search topic in the Search Box

10. Lesson: Searching the World Wide Web
The Difference Between Directories and Search Engines
Directories are human-compiled
Example: Yahoo
Search Engines are machine-compiled and has more content than Directories
Example: Google

11. Lesson: Searching the World Wide Web
Be as specific as possible
Because in broad searches, you will be overwhelmed with information
To narrow down searches
Use operators such as + and -between your search words
Use AND, OR, NOT between search words
To look for exact words in order, enclose them in “ “.

12. Lesson: Searching the World Wide Web
Boolean Searching
OR can be used to search for synonymous terms or concepts.
AND will retrieve records in which BOTH of the search terms are present
NOT excludes records from your search results

13. Lesson: Searching the World Wide Web
Now let’s see if you can identify the parts of a
URL,
a Web site,
and an message.
Go to Wisc-Online: Internet Components.
Enter your first and last name
Complete Internet Components Skills Check 3
Take a screenshot once you complete it
Save to your F Drive in your Unit 3 Folder as
3.02 Skills Check 3

14. Lesson: Boolean Logic
Much Internet database searching is based on the principles of Boolean logic.
Boolean logic refers to the relationship among search words, and is named for the British-born Irish mathematician George Boole. It is a way of revising your searches so that you will not be overwhelmed with information.
A Boolean search consists of three logical operators: OR
AND
NOT

15. Lesson: Boolean Logic
Learn more about narrowing your Internet searches,
Go to:
Internet Tutorials: Boolean Searching on the Internet.
Scroll down to the bottom of the page
Take a screenshot of
Quick Comparison Chart: Full Boolean vs. Implied Boolean vs. Search Form
Save to your F Drive in your Unit 3 Folder as
3.02 Boolean QC Chart

16. Lesson: Side Trip
You learned in Unit 1 that the “Brain” of your computer is the Central Processing Unit, and you have just completed the Computer Networking section.

17. Lesson: Side Trip
Have you ever thought about “how you think”?

18. Lesson: Side Trip
The Internet is a network of hyperlinked documents and your brain is a network of thoughts and ideas.

19. Lesson: Side Trip
Have you ever thought about something and that led you to think about something else — and that process continues until you end up thinking about something not at all related to your original thought?

20. Lesson: Side Trip
Well, that is how our brain works—it is a network of 100 billion nerve cells called neurons that act much like the electrical signals in your computer. Thoughts are networked together.

21. Lesson: Side Trip
That is why your teachers have you study concept maps.
A concept map is a special form of a web diagram for exploring knowledge and gathering and sharing information.
A concept map consists of nodes or cells that contain a concept, item or question and links (like hyperlinks).
The links are often labeled and they explain the relationship between the nodes.
How much do you know about your brain?
Take the How Stuff Works Brain Quiz and find out.
Take a screenshot at the end of the quiz after you click on See Results
Save to your F Drive Unit 3 Folder as
3.02 How Stuff Works Brain Quiz

22. Summary
If you know a particular website’s URL, you can key that into the address box.
If you do not know the URL address, then conduct an Internet search using the search box.
When searching on the Internet, use techniques, such as the Boolean operators OR, AND, NOT, to narrow your searches so that you will not be overwhelmed with “hits”.

23. Task Conduct an Internet search of Tim Berners Lee.
How many results did you find?
Now, revise your search and in the search box beside Tim Berners Lee, add the following NOT boolean operators:
NOT invented
NOT Web
NOT hyperlinks.
Your search should read as follows:
Tim Berners Lee NOT invented NOT Web NOT hyperlinks
How many search results are reported now?
Explain in your own words how a computer network is like your brain
(Hint: Slide 18 & 20).

24. Task 1 Continued Answer the 2 questions below as well.
How are computers located on a network?
You are interested in radiation but not nuclear radiation. Using Boolean Logic, how would you enter that into the search box?
Type out the questions and your answers to all 5 questions in complete sentences using proper English.
Save to your F Drive in your Unit 3 Folder as
3.02 Searching the Web Dropbox.

25. So, are you finished? Are you finished?
You should have 7 things saved on your F Drive in your Unit 3 Folder.
3.01 Network Tutorial
3.01 How Networks Work
3.01 History and Internet Dropbox
3.02 Skills Check 3
3.02 Boolean QC Chart
3.02 How Stuff Works Brain Quiz
3.02 Searching the Web Dropbox.
So, are you finished?