1. Federal Aviation Administration The Next Generation Air Transportation System – NextGen or Destination 2025 - For Airports Presented to: The Eastern Region Airports Conference By: Nancy Risso Eastern Region Flight Standards Division NextGen Branch Manager Date: April 3, 2012

2. 2 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Flight Standards Role at the Certificate Management Office (CMO) or Flight Standards Field Office (FSDO) Level Approve avionics equipment installation in the aircraft (ADS-B, Datalink, GPS including RNP AR, Electronic Flight Bags or EFB, EFVS, etc.) Approve Maintenance Program for equipment Approve Pilot Training Program for use of the equipment Approve Manuals for use of the equipment Approvals are mostly done through Operations Specifications (OPS Specs) which is a “contract” between the operator and the FAA

3. 3 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Elements of NextGen Performance Based Navigation (PBN) –RNAV –RNP –RNP SAAAR (RNP/AR) Surveillance (2020) –ADS-B In / ADS-B Out –TIS-B / FIS B Aircraft Centric Technology –HUD –EFVS –SVS –EFB Photo courtesy of Chaim Van Pryoon

4. 4 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Electronic Flight Bag Pilot Brain Book –Departures/Arrivals –Approach Charts –Airport Position & Conflicting Traffic –ADS-B/Self Separation

5. 5 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 The Big Picture Operators of small part 91 aircraft (not turbine powered or over 12,500 pounds) can have a paperless cockpit without specific authorization Refer to Advisory Circular 120-76A, page 17 The iPad has been approved for part 135 paperless cockpits

6. 6 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Electronic Flight Bag Moving Map Display Map ViewPilot View

7. 7 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Sample “Warning” Display of Conflicting Traffic from EFB

8. 8 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Super Density Ground Ops & Electronic Taxi Charts Integrity of data for E-Taxi Charts Stringent control of data by airport operator Vehicle control concepts Timely integration of E-Taxi Chart “route” changes in data base EFVS/SVS credit opportunities

9. 9 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 View of Airbus 380 Cockpit

10. 10 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Head-Up Display Provides primary flight, navigation, and guidance information to the pilot in a forward field-of-view on a head-up transparent screen. Reduces flight technical error. Provides for a more stabilized approach. Eliminates head-down to head-up transition time. Eliminates out-the-window accommodation time.

11. 11 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Performance-Based Cockpit Technology in Low Visibility Operations Enhances low visibility flight and ground operations. Increases access, efficiency and throughput at many airports when low visibility is a factor. Reduces infrastructure necessary to support low visibility operations. Low Visibility Landing Provides flight guidance on a HUD Provides a real time display of the outside world in low visibility conditions through the use of imaging sensors (forward looking infrared, millimeter wave, low-light level intensifying, etc.) HUD and EFVS are key enablers for Equivalent Visual Operations. HUD + Sensor Imagery = EFVS

12. 12 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 EFVS/SVS Technology Evolution SVS Research Efforts Underway Emerging EFVS Capabilities Combined EFVS/SVS Today Yesterday

13. 13 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 91.175 EFVS Operations below DH Pilot continues with EFVS and real world visual cues LED lights are not visible in EFVS

14. 14 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Problems with GPS GPS alone does not meet FAA requirements for –Accuracy –Integrity –Availability Nor does it provide the necessary guarantees that its signal will be accurate, available, & safe to use

15. 15 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 GPS Problems PERFORMANCE CATEGORY I ILS Requirements ACCURACY (95%) INTEGRITY AVAILABILITY H. 13 mV. 23 mV 4.0 mH 16.0 m 99.75 % 10 -7 / approach 99% GPS Only Civil Aviation CONTINUITY OF SERVICE 10 -4 / approach ? ?

16. 16 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 GNSS Augmentation Method of improving a navigation system’s attributes (accuracy, reliability, and availability) Augment through the integration of external information into a calculation process Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) ICAO Terminology WAAS=SBAS LAAS=GBAS

17. 17 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 User Segment Consists of the GPS & WAAS- enabled receiver Receives WAAS corrections from the communications satellite to improve its position & time accuracy Accuracy of 7.6 m (25’) both laterally & vertically at least 95% of the time Corrections Calculated Known Reference Location USER

18. 18 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 WAAS Master Station

19. 19 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) Receiver Equipment (antenna) must be installed to receive the WAAS signal. WAAS used for LPV or LP Approaches when properly equipped with instruments capable of displaying LPV or LP scaling. “WAAS box”!

20. 20 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 ––––– RNAV SIDs/STAR ––––– RNAV En route Airports with RNAV or RNP The FAA has implemented 81 Q-routes, 73 T-routes; 411 RNAV 1 departures and 369 RNAV 1 arrivals; 2,746 approaches with LPV minima and 292 RNP AR approaches. Current Status of PBN Routes and Procedures in the U.S. National Airspace System

21. 21 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Airports with WAAS LPV Instrument Approaches As of Jan 12th, 2012 - 2,748 LPVs serving 1245 Airports - 1,757 LPVs to non-ILS Runways - 991 LPVs to ILS runways - 1166 LPVs to Non-ILS Airports As of July 2011, there are twice as many WAAS procedures (LPVs and LPs) as there are Instrument Landing System (ILS) glide slopes in the U.S. National Airspace System.

22. 22 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 RNAV 1 and RNP AR Authorization Status RNAV 1 838 U.S. operators and 90 foreign air carriers with RNAV 1 authorization RNP AR 11 airlines (including 2 foreign air carriers) have been approved for RNP AR operations in the U.S. 22 corporate, charter, and fractional operators Approximately 2,300 aircraft associated with RNP AR approvals –Airbus A-320 –Boeing B-737NG, 757, 767, and 777 –Bombardier Q-400 –Embraer E-170/190 –Gulfstream G-350/450/500/550 –B-737NG and B-777 –Cessna Sovereign –Dassault Falcon 900 EASy II (pending final details for ops approval)

23. 23 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 WAAS Avionics Status Garmin: –68,000+ WAAS LPV receivers sold –New 650/750 WAAS capable units brought to market at the end of March 2011 to replace 430/530W units AVIDYNE & Bendix-King: – Avidyne release 9 and IFD 540 (panel mount) introduced at Oshkosh 2012 –SmartDeck glass panel and KSN-770 certification still pending Universal Avionics: –Full line of UNS-1Fw, UNS-1Ew and UNS-Lw Flight Management Systems (FMS) with WAAS LPV certifications –1900+ units sold Rockwell Collins: –Approximately 2,000 WAAS/SBAS with LPV integrated units sold to date CMC Electronics: –Achieved Technical Standards Orders Authorization (TSOA) certification on their 5024 and 3024 WAAS Sensors –Convair aircraft will have WAAS LPV capable units installed December 2011 –Canadian North B-737-300 obtained STC for SBAS(WAAS) LPV using dual GLSSU-5024 receivers. Honeywell: –Primus Epic and Primus 2000 w/NZ 2000 & CMC 3024 TSO Approval, 12 aircraft have SBAS(WAAS) LPV STC certification. –Primus 2000 FMS w/CMC 5024 TSO pending

24. 24 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012

25. 25 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 WAAS Navigation Display of an LPV Approach

26. 26 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 RNAV Equipage Aircraft don’t need to be FMS equipped to fly RNAV SIDs and STARs

27. 27 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Do you have LPV at your Airport? Clear approach surfaces required Infrastructure including Runway Markings required Who are your users?

28. 28 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Performance Based Navigation (PBN)

29. 29 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 On-Board Performance Monitoring and Alerting in RNP RNAV 1 1 Nautical Mile 95% of time Track Centerline RNP 1 1 Nautical Mile 95% of time Track Centerline PILOT ALERT

30. 30 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 RNP AR (Authorization Required) RNP AR is RNAV with the additional requirement of On Board Performance Monitoring and Alerting

31. 31 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Air Carrier and Freight

32. 32 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Business Jet and Regional Airline Jackson Hole, WY Aspen, CO

33. 33 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Helicopters

34. 34 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012

35. 35 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Surveillance

36. 36 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Radar Antenna

37. 37 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 ADS-B Description Datalink technology that transmits precise position and other aircraft or vehicle information once per second –US has Dual Link capability on 1090MHz (Mode S) and 978MHz (UAT) Both links support broadcast of Traffic Information Service (TIS-B) –For situational awareness of surrounding aircraft/vehicles UAT supports the broadcast of Flight Information Service (FIS-B) Full implementation of ADS-B capabilities requires –Aircraft avionics equipage (datalink radio and/or display capability) –Ground stations supporting datalink to aircraft –Air Traffic Control (ATC) automation systems integration

38. 38 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 ADS-B Concepts - Out Out is the broadcast of own ship information via Transponder on 1090Mhz, (required above 18,000 feet) or Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) on 978Mhz (GA) –No special displays required Rule is for ADS-B Out –After JAN 1, 2020 must have ADS-B Out –Rule defines airspace and performance Infrastructure –Ground stations receive the broadcast signals for use by ATC

39. 39 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 ADS-B Concepts - In ADS-B In is capability to receive, process, and display ADS-B transmitted data –Directly from other aircraft in range (on same link) –Ground stations Requires a Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI) Sept. 2011 ADS-B In ARC recommended the FAA not mandate ADS-B In

40. 40 Federal Aviation Administration Airports Conference April 3, 2012 Thank you Questions?