1. Non- infectious Disease
By: Ms. Pellicano

2. Vocabulary Noninfectious disease: diseases not cuased by pathogens
Allergy: disorder immune system overly sensitive to foreign substance
Allergy: substance causes allergy
Histamine: chemical responsible for symptoms of allergy
Asthma: disease in which airways narrow
Insulin: substance enables body to take glucose from blood and use it as energy

3. Vocabulary
Insulin: substance enables body to take glucose from blood and use it as energy
Diabetes: pancreas produces too little, or doesn’t produce insulin properly
Tumors: abnormal mass of cells
Carcinogens: factors in environment that cause cancer

4. Asthma, Allergies, Diabetes
Cannot be transmitted person to person
Cardiovascular disease, cancer 2 leading causes death
Allergies
Asthma
Diabetes
Not fatal, reappear frequently
Cause an inflammatory response by body
Asthma affects breathing
Diabetes effects glucose levels

5. Allergies Sneeze a lot Pollen Dust Mold Pet dander Meds
Get into body by inhaling, eating them, touching them
Histamines responsible for coughing, rash, sneezing, runny eyes
Antihistamines help adverse effects

6. Asthma Wheezing Coughing Shortness breath Stress Heavy exercise
Tobacco smoke
Air pollution
Strong odors
20 million effected

7. Asthma continued Muscles around airways tighten
Inner walls, red, swollen
Produce mucus
Make breathing difficult
Inhaler helps open airway

8. Diabetes Diabetes Pancreas produces insulin
High levels glucose in body
Not enough in body cells
Lose weight
Weak, hungry
Thirst
Urinate often
1: childhood, little, no insulin
Need injections
II: adults, pancreas doesn’t work right
Control symptoms through diet, weight control, exercise

9. Cancer develops Disease in which cells multiple uncontrollably
Destroys healthy tissue
Treatments
surgery
radiation
drugs (chemo)
Can spread to blood, lymph vessels
Unless stopped, spreads to other parts of body

10. Causes/Treeatments Hereditary Cigarette smoke Tumors- surgery
Radiation, drugs
Radiation: high energy waves to kill cells
Chemo-> drugs

11. Cancer prevention Avoiding carcinogens Smoke, sunlight Low fat diet
Lots of fruits, veggies
Regular checkup s
Black spot melanoma skin cancer
Avoid sunburn

12. Some Infectious Diseases You Should Know
Colds
Flu
Strep Throat
Athlete’s Foot
AIDS

13. Colds
Illness caused by a viral infection located in the respiratory system
The cold virus multiplies and attacks the mucous membranes of the nose and throat causing the common effects of the cold (sore throat, runny nose, fever…)
Cold can not be treated with an antibiotic because it is caused by a virus

14. Flu
Influenza, commonly known as “the flu”, is a highly contagious viral disease of the respiratory system
Typically causes fever, muscle aches, and a more severe cough than the common cold and usually lasts longer

15. Athlete’s foot Common fungal infection of the skin of the feet
May be contracted from public environments
Grows in the warm and moist environment usually between the toes
Difficult to cure

16. AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
The virus attacks the cells in the immune system making the organism unable to fight off other pathogens that may attack the body

17. Strep Throat Contagious disease caused by bacterial infection
Symptoms include fever, pain, redness and swelling of the throat and tonsils
May produce mild or severe symptoms

18. Let’s follow the journey of a pathogen as it attacks its victim!

20. What type of pathogen is Salmonella?

21. What was the source of the pathogen?
Salmonella
is a bacterium
What was the source of the pathogen?

23. What is the first defense?
Source of the pathogen
Contaminated food
What is the first defense?

25. What does the body do next to try and get rid of the pathogen?
Stomach acid destroys some of the bacteria
Macrophages try to destroy the Salmonella
What does the body do next to try and get rid of the pathogen?

27. How does Salmonella attack the body?
Enters the cells of the villi and destroys them
The destroyed cells release distress chemicals
What causes the diarrhea?

29. How does Salmonella cause your body to ache?
The waves of peristalsis are so rapid that the large intestine is unable to absorb the water
How does Salmonella cause your body to ache?

31. Does the medicine kill the Salmonella?
The chemicals released from the cells leak into the blood stream and go into the muscle tissue
Does the medicine kill the Salmonella?

33. How does the immune system begin to respond to the Salmonella invasion?

35. The immune system identifies the pathogen and produces helper cells
Helper cells “help” the macrophages to do their job – destroy the Salmonella

37. Non-infectious Diseases
Not caused by pathogens in the body
Not spread from organism to organism

38. Non-infectious Diseases are caused by malfunctions in the body.
Heredity – information you get from your parents
The environment – examples are sun, radiation, chemicals
Lifestyle choices – smoking, drugs, alcohol

39. Types of Noninfectious Diseases
Diabetes
Asthma
Parkinson’s disease
Skin Cancer

40. Diabetes
A disease that results in glucose (sugar) level being higher than normal.
It is caused by the person’s inability to either produce or use properly a natural chemical made in the body (pancreas) called insulin.

41. Diabetes may lead to
Kidney disease
Heart disease
Vision problems

42. High levels of blood sugar lead to disorders
Like an increase in problems with circulation

43. Parkinson’s Disease
Disease of the nervous system that occurs when nerve cells in the brain stop functioning properly, affecting the muscular system

44. Parkinson’s Disease Major symptoms At present, there is no cure
Severe shaking (tremors)
Disabilities involving movement
At present, there is no cure

45. Skin Cancer
Disease in which skin cells found in the outer layers of the skin become damaged.

46. Factors that lead to Skin Cancer
Damaging ultraviolet rays (UV) from the sun or tanning beds
heredity

47. Asthma Affects the lungs and the airways that deliver air to the lungs
Causes periodic attacks of wheezing and difficulty breathing

48. Asthma attacks
Occur when the airways become inflamed in response to a stimulus, such as dust, mold, pets, exercise, or cold weather
Some attacks start for no apparent reason

49. Resources
Body Story: Germs. Discovery Channel School unitedstreaming. 5 December 2006 <

50.
moon.ouhsc.edu
tiee.ecoed.net
colds.upmc.com