1. 12 May 2004 Rafael Lucas Navigation Applications and Users Service Office Rafael.Lucas.Rodriguez@esa.int The Exploitation of ESTB to Demonstrate Satelite Navigation Capabilities in the Several Transport Domains

2. 12 May 2004 Summary EGNOS System Test Bed (ESTB) Maritime Applications Rail Applications Road Applications Aviation Others

3. 12 May 2004 ESTB Operations in Parallel to EGNOS Development EGNOS TEST BED (ESTB) Development Operations System Detailed Design System HW/SW Developments Site Preparation System Deployment System Technical Validation System Operational Validation PDR SIS FQRORR EGNOS TEST BED (ESTB) Development Operations System Detailed Design System HW/SW Developments Site Preparation System Deployment System Technical Validation System Operational Validation System Detailed Design System HW/SW Developments Site Preparation System Deployment System Technical Validation System Operational Validation PDR SIS FQRORR 00 01 03 04

4. 12 May 2004 ESTB Stations (Europe and Extensions)

5. 12 May 2004 ESTB Performance

6. 12 May 2004 ESTB Performance

7. 12 May 2004 LOPOS DGNSS- Antenna EGNOS GNSS- Antenna Harbour Trials (with ESTB) Trials carried out in the Hamburg harbour in December 2002 EGNOS proved to be a reliable system even under unfavourable conditions, compared to Radar Positioning, True Heading, Angular Velocity and Acceleration and radius of turn was possible with specific set-up (two antennas on each side of the vessel)

8. 12 May 2004 EGNOS-AIS Trials Trondheim (N) in June 2003 Accuracy of EGNOS after adaptation to AIS was comparable to IALA DGPS (1-2 m). EGNOS accuracy can support AIS alarming system to prevent ships collision. *) EGNOS –TRAN project: KONGSBERG Seatex

9. 12 May 2004 In-land Waterways Transport Pilot Project under development in the Danube river. Integration of AIS information in a River Information System. EGNOS disseminated via AIS. Trials with ESTB in China (see video at www.esa.int)

10. 12 May 2004 Maritime Conclusions Based on our experience with the EGNOS Test-Bed (ESTB), GPS+EGNOS accuracy is similar to existing coastal DGPS services to support ship navigation. Applications to improve the situational awareness on the ship are being introduced based on AIS (Automatic Identification System). GNSS is an adequate input of position for AIS. When AIS-based applications are used in critical environments the integrity of EGNOS is very important.

11. 12 May 2004 Maritime: some of the challenges Dissemination of EGNOS data in restricted field of view environments (e.g. fjords). – Dissemination via AIS comm channel. – Dissemination via EGNOS pseudolite. – Dissemination via GPRS. Standardization Combination of AIS information with radar (different quality, different reference systems).

12. 12 May 2004 Maritime Conclusions Appart from AIS, other maritime applications deserve attention: High precision, high reliability: e.g. off-shore platforms. Regulated applications: fishing, customs,…

13. 12 May 2004 Rail Transport Applications GNSS is being already widely used for not critical applications (e.g. fleet management). The challenge is to introduce GNSS as a technology for safety critical functions: train control (e.g. to know that trains occupying the same track are sufficiently separated). Different requirements depending on the density of traffic. High integrity requirements: risk due to wrong position < 10 -11 /hour The benefit is the reduction of operational cost by reducing the need of rail-track side equipment (balises) with intelligent on-the-train units in areas of low density traffic. Interoperable GNSS-based, rail-track side equipment appears to be the way forward. Some low density traffic lines may not be equipped with any equipment at all, relying on manual operations (e.g. unguarded train crossings). Several projects have been launched to support the introduction of GNSS (EGNOS first and then Galileo) in train control applications.

14. 12 May 2004 Rail Transport Applications GNSS has always being used: Combined with odometer (wheel sensor) to cope with lack of availability (I.e. tunnels), Constraining the position of the train to the known track (track matching). This improves integrity and availability but problem when parallel tracks. In addition other approaches: a) Integrate GNSS with inertial to improve integrity, b) Exploit the redundancy in the constellation to improve integrity: Only two satellites are needed to compute a train fix on the known track. c) A combination of both. Trials executed or on-going.

15. 12 May 2004 Automated Level Crossing Simple fusion of EGNOS, odometer and map matching by interpolation. Barrier activated by radio. Improves road traffic flow by adapting the activation of the barrier to the actual speed of the train. Example of GNSS being applied as an efficient solution to automatize level crossings in sparcely populated areas (ECORAIL project)

16. 12 May 2004 Adapting the GNSS position calculation algorithm (LOCOPROL/LOCOLOC Project) Only two satellites used for computing the position of the train. Three pairs of satellites used for determining the region where the train is more likely to be (200 m width) Only GNSS and odometer used.

17. 12 May 2004 Integration with other sensors (INTEGRAIL Project, using ESTB) Hybrid, fault tolerant position determination via GPS/EGNOS receiver, odometer or along-track accelerometer, azimuth sensor, and digital track map. Precision of the hybrid position solution:  10m along-track;  1m cross- track (2 sigma) for safe discrimination of adjacent tracks.

18. 12 May 2004 Road Transport Applications In-car navigation systems are starting to be introduced now in mass-market. Focus of ESA activities is on applications leading to a public benefit: Road tolling (short to medium term) Improve traffic flow (long term) Improve road safety (long term) European Directive on Interoperability of Road Tolling Systems approved in April 04. Recommends to use GNSS + GPRS in all new tolling systems as from 2007.

19. 12 May 2004 Road Tolling based on GNSS requires a system to monitor the integrity of GNSS (EGNOS for GPS, Galileo for its own), otherwise invoices could be challenged and/or accuracy not sufficient. Road Tolling is not a real-time application: need to know where the vehicle has been with high integrity. Other technical challenges: Enforcement (e.g. jamming of GNSS signals) Availability, when road tolling extended to area tolling in urban and sub-urban areas. ESA is exploring those critical issues in coordination with related EC and GJU projects. The goal is to arrive to a standard, interoperable solution across Europe. Road Transport Applications

20. 12 May 2004 ARMAS project Regional Navigation Control Centre Demonstrator In-Car System Demonstrator Demonstrations carried out in Lisbon. Analyses of critical issues is on-going.

21. 12 May 2004 EGNOS-VDL-4 Trials Trials carried out at Kiruna airport in March 2003 Dissemination of EGNOS data via standard ground-air and ground- ground VHF link (VDL-4). Low cost alternative to deployment of local differential stations. Aircraft navigation. Surveillance of vehicles at the airports. *) EGNOS-TRAN project: Telespazio(I), Swedavia (S)

22. 12 May 2004 Urban Areas - SISNET Dissemination of EGNOS messages via internet. EGNOS data available even in urban environment. SISNET technology is particularly well suited for Location Based Services (LBS)

23. 12 May 2004 Blind pedestrian navigation. CPU GPS Voice Synthesizer Map Database Braille Keyboard Example of SISNET Application *) TORMES project: GMV(E)

24. 12 May 2004 Conclusions A wide range of satellite navigation applications have been covered. ESTB has played a fundamental role to prepare the EGNOS applications. EGNOS is being used as a path finder for developing the GALILEO applications: Developing expertise Assessing feasibility Building up of business models

25. 12 May 2004 AIS is a new international system mandatory for all SOLAS vessels in order to enhance safety at sea, harbours and in-land waterways. Main purpose: Collision avoidance Costal surveillance Improved efficiency Search and Rescue Automatic Identification System (AIS)

26. 12 May 2004 Data is exchanged between vessels and ground base stations. A picture of the maritime traffic can be composed at the base stations (improves traffic safety). Self-organizing communications protocol. AIS Data communication capability can be used to re-broadcast EGNOS data. AIS Concept *) EGNOS –TRAN project: KONGSBERG Seatex

27. 12 May 2004 EGNOS-AIS Architecture *) EGNOS –TRAN project: KONGSBERG Seatex