1. Ancient Civilizations 6
Ancient Greece
Ancient Civilizations 6

2. Warm-Up (29 March 2011) Look at the map on page 167
Answer the Identify
Draw conclusions question
How did the geography of Greece effect the way in which people lived?

3. Warm-Up Look at the map on page 167
Answer the Identify
Draw conclusions questions
How did the geography of Greece effect the way in which people lived?

4. Greece’s Geography
Peninsula with smaller peninsulas and islands

5. Greek Geography Most if Greece is mountainous
Only about 1/5 of Greece is good for farming
Greeks=islanders
Real islands surrounded by H2O or land islands
Each community developed its own customs and beliefs
***All Greeks shared a common heritage, spoke same language and worshipped same gods

6. Santorini

8. Warm-Up (31 March 2011)
Why was Crete an ideal location for the Minoan civilization to develop trading connections with people from other countries?
Where did the geographical center of influence shift when the Mycenaens came to power?
Why were the Illiad and the Odyssey important to the Greeks?

9. Minoan Civilization Lived on Crete from 3000-1100 BC
Developed a sea-trade network
Traded with Greece, Greek islands, Egypt and Sicily
Advanced culture
Writing, lavish homes, statues of goddesses
Probably invaded by Mycenaens

10. Minoan Civilization Lived on Crete from 3000-1100 BC
Developed a sea-trade network
Traded with Greece, Greek islands, Egypt and Sicily
Advanced culture
Writing, lavish homes, statues of goddesses
Probably invaded by Mycenaens

11. Mycenaeans Mainland and island cultures blended
Located on the mainland of Greece
1400 BC controlled the Aegean Sea a parts of Med. Sea
Developed an early form of the Greek language
Main source of power=conquest
Ex. Trojan War (story based on a true story)

12. Dark Ages of Greece 1100s-750 BC dark ages of Greece
Follows Trojan war and collapse of Greek civilization
People were poor, forced to move to Asia Minor
So concerned with survival, they forgot writing
Forced to depend on word of mouth to keep traditions and history=myths

13. Greek Dark Ages
Families resettled in places to grow crops and raise animals
Favored places with rocky and protected hills
Built fortified cities on hills=acropolis (meaning “upper city”)

14. Warm-up (4 April 2011)
How did aristocrats use their wealth to get power?
Why would the middle class want some say in the government of their cities?
How do you think that voting helped strengthen Athenian democracy?

15. City-states of Ancient Greece
750 BC villages in Greece grew into city-states
Originally most city-states were ruled by aristocrats
Eventually military strength shifted from aristocrats to merchants/artisans
The shift resulted the overthrow of the aristoctaic gov. by tyrants

16. Democracy
Rule of many tyrants=too harsh, so they were overthrown and cities adopted democracy
Athens: first city-state to fully develop a democracy
594 BC Solon, an Athenian, won the power to reform laws
1. canceled all debts or monies owed to others and freed citizens enslaved bc of debt
2. male 18 or older able to debate important laws

17. Citizenship in Athens 1 in 5 people were citizens Rich or poor
Only males
Must have an Athenian mother and father
Enslaved, women or foreigners could not be citizens

18. Warm-Up (12 April 2011) What was the goal of Greek art?
What is a tragedy?
Who were some important authors of tragedies in Ancient Greece?
Why did the Greek architects use the Golden Rectangle?

19. The Parthenon
Acropolis in Athens was destroyed in 480 BC then rebuilt including the Parthenon by Pericles in the 5th century=height of Greek architecture
Parthenon-temple to Athena
Made of marble, used golden rectangle, columns
Statue of Athena and sculpted scenes filled the inside
Characteristics:

20. Dramas First people to write dramas
Great plays produced during Athens Golden Age
most famous Greek dramas= tragedies
Important authors: Euripides, Aeschylus, Sophocles
Role of the chorus?
Performances were during the festivals

21. Comedies
Written to make fun of well-known citizens and politicians or jokes about the day
Most famous author of comedies= Aristophanes

22. Warm-Up (13 April 2011) What was the purpose of Athenian comedies?
What is an agora?
Where might the Agora be located in Athens?
Why do you think the Agora was the center of public life in Athens?

23. Class work With a partner, read pages 186-187
Answer the following questions:
Which building in the agora would Athenians probably have gone to for a religious ceremony? Why?
Where would Athenians probably have gone to conduct business?
How was the layout of the agora of Athens different from some others? What do you think accounted for this difference?
What are some historic events that took place in the Athenian agora?

24. Warm-Up (4 May 2011)
How did Alexander earn the title of Alexander the Great?
Why do you think that Alexander the Great named so many cities after himself?
When did the Hellenistic Age begin?
What was the greatest of all Hellenistic cities? Why?

25. Macedonia 359 BC King Philip unites Macedonia
He builds an army even stronger than Sparta
336 BC King Philip was assassinated and Alexander (his son) becomes King
Alexander the Great rules Macedonia until 323 BC

26. Alexander the Great
Invaded and conquered the much of the Persian Empire
Spent all of his time conquering new lands, establishing cities that he named after himself
Army finally grew weary and tired-refused to travel further east than Babylonia
323 BC Alexander the Great dies of a fever

27. Hellenistic Age Alexander’s empire began to decline
His empire was divided up into three kingdoms (Hellenistic)
Hellenistic comes from Hellas Greek for “land”
Greek culture was predominantly in the Hellenistic kingdoms
Cities modeled after Greek cities
Greek language
Greek kings
Greek temples and agoras

28. Alexandria, Egypt Founded by Alexander the Great in 332 BC
Considered to be the learning capital of the Greek world
Math and science flourished
Geometry
Astronomy (Aristarchus concluded that the earth revolved around the sun in 250 BC)