2. WORTH:

3. 100 200 300 400 500 Conflicts/ Church and State Literature Science Reformers Philosophers The Birth of Modern European Thought

4. WORTH: Who was H.G. Wells? He is considered the Father of Science Fiction Literature. 100 200 300 400 500 SUBJECT: Literature MAIN

5. WORTH: Who was Victor Hugo? He wrote The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Les Miserables as well as the famous Han of Iceland. 100 200 300 400 500 SUBJECT: Literature MAIN

6. WORTH: Who was Honore de Balzac? He wrote The Human Comedy 90 stories about society and its effects on the individual. 100 200 300 400 500 SUBJECT: Literature MAIN

7. WORTH: Who was Marcel Proust? He wrote Remembrance of Things Past a massive work that takes intestinal fortitude to finish and has a lot to do with madeleines or French cookies. 100 200 300 400 500 SUBJECT: Literature MAIN

8. WORTH: Who was Claude Henri de Saint-Simon? He was the French writer who influenced August Comte. 100 200 300 400 500 SUBJECT: Literature MAIN

9. WORTH: What was the Kulturkampf? This is the name given to Bismarck’s program to restrict the Catholic Church. 100 200 300 400 500 SUBJECT: Conflicts Between Church and State MAIN

10. WORTH: Who was Jules Ferry? He was the French Reformer who sponsored a series of educational laws that replaced religious instruction with civic instruction. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Conflicts Between Church and State

11. WORTH: Who was Pope Pius IX? He was the Catholic Pope who opposed Italian unification and was forced to flee Rome in 1848 and issued a papal bull rejecting modern science. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Conflicts Between Church and State

12. WORTH: What were the Wahhabi movement in Saudi Arabia, the Madhist movement in the Sudan, and Sanussiya movement in Libya? These were the Islamic religious movements that rejected modern science and the western world. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Conflicts Between Church and State

13. WORTH: What was the Education Act of 1902? This was the British Law which allocated government funds for both religious and nonreligious schools and held them to the same standards. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Conflicts Between Church and State

14. WORTH: Who was J.J. Thomson? He developed the theory of the electron, the “ Plum pudding theory” and the conduction of electricity by gases. 100 200 300 400 500 SUBJECT: Science MAIN

15. WORTH: Who was Max Planck and the quantum theory of energy? He said that energy was released in packets or released in discrete quantities. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Science

16. WORTH: Who was Max Weber? He was the German sociologist who regarded the emergence of rationalism as the major development of humanity and believed in bureaucratization. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Science

17. WORTH: Who were Marie and Pierre Curie? ( She died of radiation poisoning he was run over by a horse drawn carriage) They were the Polish wife and husband scientists who discovered radium. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Science Her notebooks are still radioactive

18. WORTH: Who was Wilhelm Roentgen? He was the German scientist who discovered X-Rays. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Science

19. WORTH: Who was Theodore Herzl? He was the publisher of the pamphlet The Jewish State, who lived during the Anti-Semitism that was associated with the Dreyfus Affair. 100 200 300 400 500 SUBJECT: Reformers MAIN

20. WORTH: What was the Mother’s Protection League? This was the German organization which contended that both married and unmarried mothers required the help of the state. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Reformers

21. WORTH: Who was Josephine Butler? She was the English reformer who campaigned relentlessly to repeal the Contagious Diseases Act, which dehumanized poor women and prostitutes. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Reformers

22. WORTH: Who were Karen Horney and Melanie Klein? These were the two distinguished women psycho-analysts who challenged Freud’s views on women. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Reformers

23. WORTH: Who was Marie Stopes? This was the woman who pioneered the use of contraceptives and her advocacy of contraception in the poor communities of London. ( She forbid her son to ride a bicycle because it would damage his testicles and also made him wear a skirt until he was 11.) 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Reformers

24. WORTH: Who was John Maynard Keynes? He was the economist and member of the Bloomsbury group who challenged economic theories and offered government assistance to stimulate the economy ( sound familiar) 100 200 300 400 500 SUBJECT: Philosophers MAIN

25. WORTH: Who was Leo XIII? He was the Pope who declared that employers pay a fair wage, permit them to unionize, and proposed that modern society be organized in corporate groups. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Philosophers

26. WORTH: Who was Karl Lueger? He was the Anti-Semitic mayor of Vienna who influenced many Austrians to join the Christian Socialist Party. ( Influenced Hitler and the birth of the Nazis). 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Philosophers

27. WORTH: Who was Count Arthur de Gobineau? He was the reactionary French diplomat that stated in his four volume essay that the decline of western civilization was caused by the degeneration of the Aryan Race. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Philosophers

28. WORTH: Who was August Comte? French Philosopher who was influenced by St. Simon and was the founder of positivism, and considered to be the Father of Modern Sociology. 100 200 300 400 500 MAIN SUBJECT: Philosophers