1. Small Business Aspects of New Commercial Space Dr. Don Platt President & CEO Micro Aerospace Solutions 907 East Strawbridge Ave Suite 103 Melbourne, FL 32901 dplatt@micro-a.net Micro Aerospace Solutions

2. Why do it from space? Many phenomena are best observed with a global view (synoptic) Atmosphere and ocean dynamics Geological structure Biological phenomena Can observe over a long time period (seasonal or climatic change) Can observe inaccessible areas Can observe the entire globe (or most of it) within a relatively short period of time. Measurements can be repeated over and over again Why do business in space?

3. Space-Based Remote Sensing A 50 kg can provide ~2.5m resolution on ground from a polar 700 km orbit A smaller satellite (5kg cubesat) may be able to provide 7.5 m resolution (not demonstrated) Multi-wavelength remote sensing can provide information about: Plant health/stress levels Nutrient requirements Vegetation coverage Soil condition Silt levels in water

4. Small Satellites Defined as satellites with mass < 100 kilograms Nanosatellites 1 kg to 10 kg Picosatellites 1 kg (cubesats) These satellites are becoming more sophisticated Need propulsion for pointing, attitude control and Delta-v

5. Small Remote Sensing Satellites Complete spacecraft under 10 kilograms mass Can create sensor webs Swarms can map the Earth or other objects from many perspectives at once Redundant and disposable spacecraft

6. Background Micro Aerospace Solutions (MAS) Small business established in 2000 with offices in Melbourne, Florida & KSC Engineering company experienced in the cubesat and small satellite industry Propulsion system research and development Avionics and electronics system design, development, build & test Systems engineering and project management Space Act agreement with NASA KSC for use of test facilities Space-based software development and flight projects

7. Propulsion Systems MAS designed, developed, built and is testing a unique tridyne warm gas propulsion system for small satellites Other systems include hydrazine, hydrogen peroxide and gel-based systems Our propulsion system expertise involves interfacing with vendors for system components including valve, electronics and machine shop suppliers to ensure timely system development

8. Avionics and Electronics Design, build & test radiation tolerant, low-cost electronics for space applications Microcontroller systems, control systems, imaging systems, scientific sensors and display systems Implement radiation mitigation techniques to allow commercial electronics to be used in space applications Designing avionics and leading avionics systems management for NASA Sunjammer mission Contract with Space Florida to develop a cubesat deployable antenna

9. NASA Certified Flight and Ground Software Development Micro Aerospace Solutions is compliant with all NASA mission critical software requirements including NPR 7150.2A, NASA-STD 8719.13, and NASA-STD 8739.8 Developing flight and ground software for the NASA Sunjammer solar sail mission PRCU verified ISS EXPRESSRack interfaces for ISS experiments Tablet-based decision support systems for exploration Developed software for Zero-G airplane flight experiments

10. MAS IMU Product Line Micro Aerospace Solutions has developed MEMS-based inertial sensor technology into inertial measurement units (IMUs) for small satellite attitude detection systems We have developed the MASIMU01, MEMS- based inertial measurement unit which flew in space on the University of Texas’ FASTRAC microsatellite for the Air Force Research Lab (AFRL). Launch was in November 2010 Developed specialized units for a variety of aerospace applications ITAR licensed for export

11. Biotube/MFA ISS Experiment Designed the command and data handling system and flight software for the Biotube/MFA experiment that flew onboard Columbia on STS-107 Updated all flight and ground software for the ISS EXPRESSRack Interface Successful flight operations on ISS, May 2014

12. MAS Summary 15 years in the aerospace industry Diverse engineering capability Innovative & low-cost customer solutions Knowledge in commercial and government space domains

13. Small business challenges Funding Facilities Know-how Cash flow Intellectual property Life cycles

14. Funding How to fund your business? Venture capital is there any for space businesses? Bootstrap How do you get your first customer? Government contracts SBIRs – innovation but difficult to commercialize 6 to 7% fee (profit) Can take a while to get funded

15. Facilities Launch pads aren’t just lying around Manufacturing Tight tolerances Composites 3-D printing Skilled labor Test EMI Vibration Thermal-vac Could collaborate with government entities Subject to vagaries of agency needs and priorities

16. Know-how Do everything in-house? Such as SpaceX Need many disciplines Farm out work Whats your core capability? Use contract hires to meet short term needs How to attract and retain good talent? Benefits Flexibility Involvement/engagement

17. Cash flow What to do about slow payers? Short term loans Lines of credit Negotiate better terms? Use SBIRs to keep people busy, pay bills Again need to think about commercialization How to pay for a launch that may fail?

18. Intellectual Property How to safeguard your ideas Large companies have many lawyers Patents care costly and even more costly to enforce Attractive if you want to license technology to someone else Be careful someone else doesn’t already own your great idea

19. Life Cycles Space typical involves long life cycles Missions may take years to launch What if you want to mine asteroids that are a long way from Earth? Courtship with large organizations can take years to see fruition

20. Skybox Teaming with Google to offer strategic imaging Commodity, commercial electronics to change the cost of doing business in space Acquired by Google for $500M

21. Planet Labs 28 satellite Earth-imaging constellation in space (cubesats) Global imaging network Ability to understand and respond to change at a local and global scale

22. Prometheus 8 Cubesat constellation Determine whether a constellation of CubeSats working together can meet the needs of America’s Special Operation Forces Use as “gap fillers” to meet urgent needs Take audio, video and data files from remote monitoring units on the ground and transfer them to military units

23. NRO Cubesats Lower cost and in a quicker time frame than traditional NRO programs September 13, 2012, 7 NRO CubeSats launched payloads on NROL-36

24. Student Involvement

25. Mass Production Cost-effective as apposed to customization (lean) Constellations increase numbers – leads to mass production Skybox using an auto assembly line

26. Standard Buses Cubesat standard Standard data interfaces Issue of flexibility vs rigidization Allows mass production

27. 3D Printing Made In Space 3D printing on ISS 3D print cubesats on the ISS

28. Conclusion Small Satellites are a big part of the future of commercial space Constellations are driving new manufacturing techniques (mass production, 3D printing) Florida is playing a big part in this new domain

29. Questions? Dr. Don Platt President & CEO Micro Aerospace Solutions 907 East Strawbridge Ave Suite 103 Melbourne, FL 32901 321 243 4633 dplatt@micro-a.net