2. Description of  Telenursing  Technology used in Telenursing  Information system used in Telenursing  Role and function of nurse informatics in Telenursing  Legal and ethical issues surrounding Telenursing  Advantages/Disadvantages of Telenursing

3.  The practice of nursing over a distance using telecommunication technology (National Council of State Boards of Nursing NCSBN, 1997)  Nurse/Patient interaction through a telecommunication device

4.  Phone  Interactive Video  Phone Triage  Internet Support  Remote Telemonitor

5. Hardware (physical computer body)  Computers (laptops, desktops)  Palm computers  Telephones  Graphic’s card  Sound cards  Internal Memory ( RAM)  External Memory ( flash drives)

6.  Wireless technology increases a computer’s portability  May be used in hospitals or other community nursing settings  Allow nurses remote access to medical records  Allows electronic documentation in remote locations  May be used in two way audio/video conference

7.  Monitor, keyboards, mouse, printer  Web cameras, speakers, microphone  Email, database, word-processing, internet, browsing, conference calls Example: Digiscope-program to collect patient info related to diabetes.

8.  Provides wireless networking between hospital computers  Allows for wireless Internet access  Used in Video conferencing between nurse and patient  Used in emails, Instant messaging, and

9.  Efficiency strongly depends on server  Software design varies between medical facilities  Usability is dependant on internet access at home

10.  Ring sensor worn by patient 24hrs/day  Transmits wireless data  Home computer analyzes data  Sends warning signals to telenursing center  Signal provides diagnostic information

11. Review of System  Used for clinical purposes  Used by medical professionals (doctors, nurses, ect)  Monitoring and diagnostic function  Local Area Network

12.  Collecting data from Patient  Assessing data using knowledge  Document all retrieved data  Utilize critical thinking skills  Provide nursing interventions  Continue to monitor and utilize available technology

13.  Increase public access to health care  Provide access in rural areas  Decrease wait times  Decrease unnecessary hospital visits  Decrease Healthcare costs  Increase continuity of care  Increase patient compliance with aftercare

14.  Decreased face-to-face interaction  Risk of decreasing quality of care  May increase liability  Concerns with security  Concerns with maintaining confidentiality

15.  Maintaining patient privacy  Verifying consent  Compliance with HIPAA regulations  Nursing Licensure across state lines  Maintaining compliance with scope of practice

16.  Maintaining autonomy (identity, privacy)  Maintaining patient’s integrity  Prevent harm to a patient

17. Ongoing development of new Technologies provides endless Possibilities in the future of Nursing care.

18. Bohnenkamp, Sk., McDonald, P., Lopez, AM. Krupinski, E., & Blackett, A., (2004). Traditional versus telenursing outpatient management of patients with cancer with new ostomies. Oncology Nursing Forum, 31(5), 1005-10. Retrieved on June 1, 2010, from http://www.medscape.com/medline/abstract/15378102 http://www.medscape.com/medline/abstract/15378102 Yang, B., Rhee, S., & Asada, H., (1998). A twenty-four hour tele- nursing system using a ring sensor. Robotics and Automation. Retrieved from http://www.sokwoo.com/ICRA98paper.pdfhttp://www.sokwoo.com/ICRA98paper.pdf Hoglund, A., & Holmstrom, I. (2004-2010). Ethical Issues In Telenursing. Retrieved June, 1, 2010 from http://www.ihe- online.com/index.php?id=2695http://www.ihe- online.com/index.php?id=2695 McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. (2009). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

19. National Council of State Boards of Nursing ( NCSBN). (1997). Retrived June 1, 2010 from https://www.ncsbn.org/TelenursingPaper.pdf https://www.ncsbn.org/TelenursingPaper.pdf Registered Nurses’s Association of Nova Scotia. (2000, November). Guidelines for Telenursing Practice. Retrived June1, 2010 from http://www.rnans.ns.cahttp://www.rnans.ns.ca Schlachta-Fairchild, L., Elfrink, V., & Deickman, A., ( 2008, April). Patient Safety, Telenursing and Telehealth. Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidenced-Based Handbook for Nurses, 3(48). Retrieved June 1, 2010 from http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/nurseshdbk/docs/SchlachtaL_PST T.pdf http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/nurseshdbk/docs/SchlachtaL_PST T.pdf

20. Wachter, G., (2002, May). Interstate licensure for telenursing. Telemedicine and Telehealth Articles. Retrieved June 1, 2010 from http://www.tie.telemed.org/articles/article.asp?path=article& article=telenur http://www.tie.telemed.org/articles/article.asp?path=article& article=telenur