1. Unit 1: The Language of Science  communicate and apply scientific information extracted from various sources (3.B)  evaluate models according to their limitations in representing biological objects or events (3.E)  communicate valid conclusions supported by the data through various methods (2.H)

2. Unit 2: Cell Structure and Function  describe the specialized parts of a cell and their specific functions (4.B)  compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (4.A)  investigate and explain homeostasis (4.B)  investigate and explain energy conversions (4.B)  investigate and explain active and passive transport of molecules (4.B)  investigate and explain synthesis of new molecules (4.B)

3. Unit 3: Cell Growth and Differentiation  describe the stages of the cell cycle (5.A)  explain and model deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication (5.A)  explain and model mitosis (5.A)  relate the cell cycle to the growth of organisms (5.A)  examine and characterize specialized cells, including roots, stems, leaves, blood, muscle, and epithelium (5.B)  describe the roles of DNA, ribonucleic acid (RNA), and environmental factors in cell differentiation (5.B)

4. Unit 4: Disease and Immunity  summarize the role of microorganisms in both maintaining and disrupting the health of organisms (11.C)  compare the structures of viruses to cells (4.C)  describe viral reproduction (4.C)  describe the role of viruses in causing diseases (4.C)  describe the interactions that occur among systems that perform the functions of defense from injury or illness in animals (10.A)  recognize that disruptions of the cell cycle lead to diseases such as cancer (5.D)

5. Unit 5: Genes  identify components of DNA (6.A)  describe how information for specifying the traits of an organism is carried in the DNA (6.A)  recognize that components that make up the genetic code are common to all organisms (6.B)  explain the purpose and process of transcription and translation using models of DNA and RNA (6.C)  recognize that gene expression is a regulated process (6.D)  identify and illustrate changes in DNA (6.E.)  evaluate the significance of changes in DNA (6.E)

6. Unit 6: Heredity  predict possible outcomes of monohybrid crosses (6.F)  predict possible outcomes of dihybrid crosses (6.F)  predict possible outcomes of non-Mendelian inheritance (6.F)  explain and model meiosis (6.G)  recognize the significance of meiosis to sexual reproduction (6.H)  describe how DNA fingerprinting is used to study genomes (6.H)  describe how chromosomal analysis is used to study genomes (6.H)  describe how genetic modifications are used to study genomes (6.H)

7. Unit 7: Evolutionary Theory  analyze and evaluate how evidence of common ancestry among groups is provided by the fossil record and biogeography (7.A)  analyze and evaluate how evidence of common ancestry is provided by anatomical, molecular, and developmental homologies (7.A)  analyze and evaluate scientific explanations concerning any data of sudden appearance, stasis, and sequential nature of groups in the fossil record (7.B)  analyze and evaluate scientific explanations concerning the complexity of the cell (7.G)  analyze and evaluate the effects of other evolutionary mechanisms, including genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, and recombination (7.F)

8. Unit 8: Natural Selection  analyze and evaluate how natural selection produces change in populations, not individuals (7.C)  analyze and evaluate how inherited variation results in differential reproductive success (7.D)  analyze and evaluate how the potential of a population to produce more offspring than can survive results in differential reproductive success (7.D)  analyze and evaluate how a finite supply of environmental resources results in differential reproductive success (7.D)  analyze and evaluate the relationship of natural selection to adaptation and to the development of diversity in and among species (7.E)

9. Unit 9: Taxonomy  define taxonomy (8.A)  recognize the importance of a standardized taxonomic system to the scientific community (8.A)  categorize organisms using a hierarchical classification system based on similarities and differences shared among groups (8.B)  compare characteristics of taxonomic groups, including archaea, bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, and animals (8.C)

10. Unit 10: Metabolic Processes  compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids (9.A)  compare the reactants and products of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in terms of energy and matter (9.B)  identify and investigate the role of enzymes (9.C)  analyze and evaluate the evidence regarding formation of simple organic molecules and their organization into long complex molecules having information such as the DNA molecule for self-replicating life (9.D)

11. Unit 11: Interactions of Systems  describe the interactions that occur among systems that perform the functions of regulation in animals (10.A)  describe the interactions that occur among systems that perform the functions of nutrient absorption in animals (10.A)  describe the interactions that occur among systems that perform the functions of reproduction in animals (10.A)  describe the interactions that occur among systems that perform the functions of transport, reproduction, and response in plants (10.B)  analyze the levels of organization in biological systems and relate the levels to each other and to the whole system (10.C)

12. Unit 12: Stimulus and Response  describe the role of internal feedback mechanisms in the maintenance of homeostasis (11.A)  investigate and analyze how organisms, populations, and communities respond to external factors (11.B)  summarize the role of microorganisms in both maintaining and disrupting the health of both organisms and ecosystems (11.C)  describe how events and processes that occur during ecological succession can change populations and species diversity (11.D)

13. Unit 13: Interdependence  interpret predator/prey relationships among organisms (12.A)  compare and contrast parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism, and competition among organisms (12.A)  analyze benefits and consequences of competition among organisms (12.A)  compare variations and adaptations of organisms in different ecosystems (12.B)  recognize that long-term survival of species is dependent on changing resource bases that are limited (12.D)  describe how environmental change can impact ecosystem stability (12.F)

14. Unit 14: Interactions in Ecosystems  analyze the flow of matter and energy through trophic levels using food chains (12.C)  analyze the flow of matter and energy through trophic levels using food webs (12.C)  analyze the flow of matter and energy through trophic levels using ecological pyramids (12.C)  describe the flow of matter through the carbon and nitrogen cycles (12.D)  explain the consequences of disrupting the carbon and nitrogen cycles (12.E)