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Progressivism & Social Changes
**Prohibition
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What was prohibited by “Prohibition” in the U.S.?
Alcohol consumption Chinese Immigration Women voting Child labor NOTICE! Prohibition ≠ prohibition
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Poll Before you started studying this chapter, did you know that the U.S. had once banned alcohol? Yes. No!
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Question Alcohol was prohibited in the U.S. during most of the Progressive Era. True False
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Questions I will answer in today’s lecture:
How, when & why was alcohol prohibited in America? Why was Prohibition repealed (cancelled) later? What was life like in America during the Prohibition Era?
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Social Change Movements (Progressivism)
Women were especially vocal about moral issues: Suffrage (equal voting rights for women) Social Work (helping the poor) Temperance (Not drinking alcohol)
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II. The Temperance Movement (1850s – 1919)
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Problems with Alcohol 1 - Too many saloons (1 per 150 people)
Saloons couldn’t make $$$ Added gambling Added prostitution
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Problems with Alcohol 2 - Social workers saw family problems
Men wasting money at saloons Violence toward wives / children
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Problems with Alcohol 3 - Alcohol-related disease
Alcoholism (addiction) Liver Damage Early Death
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Temperance Campaign (1850 – 1920)
1. Temperance Beliefs: Alcohol = Evil Even 1 drink addiction! All problems caused by alcohol (unemployment, poverty, crime, immorality, violence, disease, inequality of women) 2. Solution: Make America “dry”
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Temperance Campaign 3. Also an Anti-Immigrant campaign Irish (whiskey)
“Cultures of drink” Irish (whiskey) Germans (beer) Italians (wine) Russians (vodka)
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4. The role of women in the Temperance Movement
Vocal & politically active
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The role of women in the Temperance Movement
Vocal & politically active
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The role of women in the Temperance Movement
Vocal & politically active Won men’s support for equal voting rights 1920 – 19th Amendment = universal suffrage
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III. Anti-Alcohol Legislation
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Anti-Alcohol Legislation
1850s – Many local laws The Volstead Act (national law) Prohibited the production, sale, & transport of alcohol for drinking th Amendment to the Constitution (a.k.a “Prohibition”- effective as of 1920)
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Progressive Era ≠ Prohibition Era
NOTE! Progressive Era ≠ Prohibition Era
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IV. Prohibition Era in America (1920-1933)
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Alcohol Vocabulary Liquor = alcohol Booze (slang) = alcohol
To go on a bender = (slang) to drink a lot A speakeasy = a secret, illegal club or bar that served alcohol during Prohibition
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Bootleg (adj) / Bootlegger (n. person)
Original meaning Prohibition Era Today
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Documentary – Homework Check
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Comprehension Questions
Who made a lot of money during Prohibition? The U.S. Government The Police Organized criminal gangs Temperance leaders
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Comprehension Questions
According to the video, drinking ____________ during the Prohibition Era. increased stayed the same decreased
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Documentary – Images of Prohibition What did you see in the video?
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V. The Repeal of Prohibition
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Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933?
1. Crime soared Bootleggers and gangsters made a fortune. Al Capone Most powerful gangster in Chicago
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Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933?
2. Drinking actually increased Glamorous speakeasies (for women too!) Maybe!
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Increase in Drinking is Disputed!
Source: U.S. Alcohol Epidemiologic Data Reference Manual (Vol. 1, Rockville, Md. : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 1985): Accessed at:
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Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933?
3. Alcohol-related deaths increased Homemade alcohol was dangerous.
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Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933?
4. Public Pressure
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Why was Prohibition repealed in 1933?
5. Enforcement took too much time and $ Lawyers Police
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What was happening in America in 1933?
The Great Depression Very weak economy High unemployment Repeal of Prohibition = Gov’t could collect liquor taxes Jobs!
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VI. Drinking in America Today
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What is the legal drinking age in the U.S. today?
16 18 20 21 No limit
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What is the legal drinking age in your country?
None. Anyone can drink legally. 18 19 20 None. It is illegal to drink alcohol.
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