1. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold 1 Creating a Diverse Workforce

2. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold2 Diversity in Computing ŸDiverse participation encourages creativity ŸDesign of products and services by a diverse group yields products and services that benefit a broad range of consumers ŸFortune 500 companies with a high number of female executives deliver 34% higher return to shareholders than companies with the fewest women

3. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold3 The Incredible Shrinking Pipeline Adapted from “The incredible shrinking pipeline, Communications of the ACM, vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 103-110, Oct. 1997, Tracy Camp Colorado School of Mines

4. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold4 Questions ŸWhat is the incredible shrinking pipeline? ŸWhy does the incredible shrinking pipeline exist? ŸIs it a problem? Why or why not? ŸIf yes, what is being done to solve the problem? ŸDoes the incredible shrinking pipeline exist outside the United States?

5. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold5 Total B.A./B.S. Degrees Awarded

6. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold6 Percent B.A./B.S. Degrees to Women

7. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold7

8. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold8 B.A./B.S. Degrees awarded in CS, and Percentage awarded to women (1980-81 to 1999-00)

9. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold9 Math/Stats increased by 8.9% Bio/Life Sciences increased by 20.7% Engineering increased by 38.3% Physical Sciences increased by 44.6% Computer Science decreased by 24.5% Changes in the Percentage of Degrees Awarded to Women (1983-84 to 1999-00) The Incredible Shrinking Pipeline

10. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold10 Goal

11. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold11 Why does the Incredible Shrinking Pipeline exist in Computer Science and not other Science/Engineering fields?

12. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold12 Retention: Top 10 Reasons for Why Left Computer Science 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Choice Teaching Advising Other Majors Interest Lifestyle HS Preparation Career Options Overwhelming Poor Grades Source: NSF 1996 %Women %Men

13. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold13 1. not enough role models 2. women have other interests 3. don't know about the industry 4. limited opportunity 5. negative media 6. too nerdy Recruitment: Priming the Pipeline Andrea Jepson and Teri Perl Why are girls less likely to pursue computer science careers?

14. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold14 Reasons for the ISP 1.PC games in the 80's were mainly developed by and for males 2.Perception of CS became hacker/nerd/anti- social in the early 80's 3.Women in CS faced gender discrimination 4.Mentors began encouraging boys to major in CS more than girls 5.Too few women in computing in the 70's became professors

15. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold15 Is the Incredible Shrinking Pipeline a problem?

16. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold16 The IT Shortage ŸIT industry accounts for more than 1/3 of the U.S. economy Ÿ3 of the top 10 fastest growing jobs are in information technology ŸIT job growth far exceeds expected degree production through 2012 (145,000 new jobs compared with 75,000 degrees)

17. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold17

18. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold18 Does the Incredible Shrinking Pipeline exist outside the United States?

19. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold19 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 197519851990 Source: Wright 1997, Women in Computing Percentage United States Canada Japan Spain Turkey Italy Finland Hungary Korea Germany Malaysia Percent of Women in CS by Country

20. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold20 What can be done to reverse the Incredible Shrinking Pipeline trend?

21. CS 4001Mary Jean Harrold21 What is being done to reverse the Incredible Shrinking Pipeline trend?