1. The 1920’s Chapter 5 Lesson 19 TCAP Coach

2. The 1920’s  Quality of life in the US improved following WWI. Factories increased production to satisfy a growing demand for goods. Many Americans worked in factories. Their wages gave them buying power. The American economy was booming. The period was called the Roaring Twenties.

3. Improved Standard of Living  The US became the richest country in the world.  Serviceman returning from WWI went back to work, and the economy grew.  Factories turned from making materials for war to making consumer goods such as cars, radios, and cosmetics.

4. Improved Standard of Living  Soon more and more products were made by means of mass production.  In mass production, all products of a certain type are exactly the same.  This is done by using parts that are exactly the same and putting the parts together in the same order for every item.  Mass production makes it easier to control quality. This is called standardization.

5. Improved Standard of Living  Mass production allowed many more products to be made at one time.  This decreased the price of many products people needed, such as clothing and shoes.  Working people could now afford items such as cars and household appliances such as washing machines, refrigerators, and vacuum cleaners.  These goods had once been luxuries that only the rich could afford.  As people bought an increasing amount of goods, business profits soared, and so did workers’ wages.

6. Buying on Credit  Credit and installment plans enabled people to buy expensive goods even if they could not afford them.  Credit allows people to borrow money and then pay it back in monthly payments.

7. Buying on Credit  Stores started offering customers the chance to buy goods on installment plans.  Under such plans, a buyer could purchase a product by paying only part of the cost, called a down payment.  The buyer would then take the product home and make monthly payments, or installments, until the price of the product was paid in full.

8. Buying on Credit  Credit and installment plans included a finance charge, also called interest, in addition to the purchase price.  A finance charge is a percentage of the total cost of a product.

9. Automobiles and Airplanes  By 1927, the Ford Motor Company had sold more than 15 million Model T cars.  Gas stations, tire shops, repair shops, and motels seemed to appear everywhere.  People’s lives changed, too.  Suddenly, people could travel almost anywhere, quickly and easily.

10. Automobiles and Airplanes  Commercial aviation began around 1913.  Airmail delivery in the US began in 1918.  People paid to travel in the same planes with the mail.  After World War I, factories mass produced airplanes.  Many companies offered plane flights all over the US.  However, airplane travel did not become widespread until the 1950’s.

11. Prohibition  In 1919, the 18 th Amendment was added to the Constitution. This amendment started Prohibition.  The amendment made it illegal to make, sell, and transport alcoholic beverages.  The law did not make drinking alcohol a crime, but there was no alcohol to drink, at least legally  The truth, however, was that alcohol was almost as easy to get as before Prohibition, but now many the criminals sold it.

12. Prohibition  In 1933, the 21st Amendment to the Constitution repealed, or did away with, the Eighteenth Amendment.  Once again it was legal to make, sell, and transport alcohol.

13. Women’s Suffrage  Many advances in technology and culture occurred during the early 1900’s.  Despite this progress, one large group of people was left out of a very important aspect of public life.  Federal law still did not allow women to vote.  In the 1800’s, leaders such as Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucy Stone, and Susan B. Anthony founded organizations to demand suffrage, or voting rights, for women.

14. Women’s Suffrage  In the late 1800’s and early 1900’s, Carrie Chapman Catt, and Maud Wood Park inspired middle-class women to set up local suffrage groups and to lobby lawmakers in Washington, DC.  Other leaders, including Harriet E. Stanton Blanch, organized marches, pickets, and other protests.

15. Women’s Suffrage  Protests often landed the suffrage leaders in jail  In jail, many of them went on hunger strikes.  From 1878 to 1919, every session of Congress proposed a women’s suffrage amendment to the Constitution.

16. Women’s Suffrage  Finally, in 1919, the amendment passed Congress.  In 1920, the states ratified the 19th Amendment, and women’s suffrage became the law of the land.  The amendment says, simply,”The right of citizens of the US to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the US or by any State on account of sex.”

17. Harlem Renaissance  By the 1920’s, a number of African Americans were prospering for the first time.  Some people whose parents or grandparents had lived through slavery were now educated and held good jobs.  In the New York City neighborhood called Harlem, African American culture blossomed between 1920 and 1930.

18. Harlem Renaissance  The Harlem Renaissance, as it was called, was an exciting time for African American musicians, dancers, politicians, writers, and artists.  People across the country and around the world and began to recognize the accomplishments of the creative community that arose in Harlem.

19. Harlem Renaissance  The poet Langston Hughes was one of the best known Harlem Renaissance writers.  His poems portrayed African Americans in a proud and hopeful light.  Zora Neale Hurston’s novels described southern African American folk customs.  Duke Ellington and Louis Armstrong became two of the country’s top jazz musicians.

20. 1. Which of the following did not help make more useful and better quality products available? A. mass production B. standardization C. Prohibition D. credit and installment payments

21. C. Prohibition

22. 2. The Harlem Renaissance had an impact in the United States on A. poetry, jazz music, and dance B. Classical music, television, and radio C. Mass production and women’s suffrage D. The Nineteenth Amendment

23. A. poetry, jazz music, and dance

24. 3. The Twenty- first Amendment A. Gave women the right to vote B. Repealed Prohibition C. Made it illegal to sell, make, and transport alcoholic beverages D. Allowed people to buy on credit or with installment plans

25. B. Repealed Prohibiton