1. Concept: Conflict Creates Change
SS7H2c Describe how land and religion are reasons for continuing conflicts in the Middle East.
Concept:
Conflict Creates Change

2. Vocabulary Words To Know
Arab-Israeli Wars
Camp David Accords
Intifada
Palestinians
P.L.O.
Refugee

3. ARAB - ISRAELI WARS
series of wars between 1948 and 1973 that were fought between Israel and the Arab countries of Iraq, Syria, Egypt, Jordan, and Lebanon (fought over control of territory in Palestine)

4. CAMP DAVID ACCORDS
1979 peace agreement between Egypt and Israel hosted at Camp David, Maryland by President Jimmy Carter

5. INTIFADA
revolt by Palestinian Arabs to protest Israeli occupation of Palestinian-claimed land

6. PALESTINIANS
Arabs who live in the region occupied by Israel. They are fighting for independence.

7. P. L. O.
Palestinian Liberation Organization formed in 1964; organization formed to protect the rights of Palestinians

8. REFUGEE
a person forced to seek refuge or safety in another country because of war or other political or natural disruption in their home country

9. Conflicts in the Middle East
OVER LAND
Israeli – Arab Wars
Kurds wanting independence from Turkey, Iran, Syria, and Iraq
Iraq invading Iran and later Kuwait for oil
OVER RELIGION
Israeli (Jews) vs. Arab (Muslims) Wars
Sunni Muslims vs Shi’ites Muslims in Iraq

10. So, is it Palestine or Israel? Depends on WHEN you ask...
BEFORE 1948
AFTER 1948

11. Can BOTH flags fly in the same region?
Palestinian – Arab Flag
Israeli – Jewish Flag

12. The United Nations in 1947 created a plan to create a Palestinian State and a Jewish State.

13. So, what has happened between THEN (1947) and NOW (2008)?

14. Why are they still fighting?
Arab-Israeli Wars
Why are they still fighting?

15. 1948- First War
Arab Palestinians REJECT the partition plan and creation of Israel
Other Arab Muslim nations from the Middle East support the Palestinians
1948 – First Arab-Israeli War (between Isreal & 6 other Arab Muslim nations in the Middle East)
Israel wins

16. 1967
Second Arab-Israeli War
“Six Days War”
Israel wins again

17. 1973 Yom Kippur War Third Arab-Israeli War
surprise attack on Yom Kippur (the Jewish holy day)
Egypt & Syria crossed the cease-fire lines in the Sinai & Golan Heights, which had been captured by Israel in 1967 during the Six-Day War[
Israel defends it borders
Strangely paves way for peace process

18. Let’s look at this map again

19. Concept: Conflict Creates Change
SS7H2c ESSENTIAL QUESTION Will the fighting between Arabs and Jews over the same holy land ever end?
Concept:
Conflict Creates Change

20. Conflict Creates Change & Conflict Resolution
WAR
Independence War
Suez Canal Crisis
Six Days War
Munich Massacre
Yom Kippur War
st Intifada
nd Intifada
– 2nd Lebanon War
– Gaza War
Countless massacres and suicide bombings
PEACE
1964 – Creation of the PLO
1978 – Camp David Accords
1979 – Israel & Egypt peace treaty
1993 – Oslo Accords
1994 – Israel & Jordan peace treaty
2006 – Cease Fire between Syria, Lebanon, and Israel

21. The P.L.O. (Palestine Liberation Organization) was formed to
Protect the rights of Palestinian refugees
Provide political leadership
Get rid of Israel by force
Create a country for the Palestinian Arabs
Yassir Arafat

22. Why would Israel NOT accept the formula for peace according to the map on the right?

23. Important People
Bill Clinton- US President helped negotiate peace between Israel and PLO in 1993.
Jimmy Cater- US President helped negotiate Camp David Accords between Israel and Egypt in 1979.
Yitzhak Rabin- Israel prime minister part of peace agreement with PLO. Later assassinated by Israeli extremist.
Anwar Sadat-Egyptian president part of Camp David Accords. 1st time Arabs recognized Israel politically. Later assassinated by Muslim extremist against peace.
Gamal Abdel Nasser- Egyptian president nationalized Suez Canal for Egypt to help pay for Aswan High Dam. This led to Suez Crisis in 1956.
Saddam Hussein- Former dictator of Iraq. Invasion of Kuwait led to Persian Gulf War. My government was overthrown during Operation Iraqi Freedom. I was hung for my crimes against humanity.
George Bush- US President formed coalition of counteies to get Iraq out of Kuwait. Commander and chief during Persian Gulf War.
Menachem Begin-Israel prime minister part of Camp David Accords. I agreed to give Sinai Peninsula back to Egypt in exchange 4 peace.
James Authur Balfour- Represented British Government stating support for Zionism and home state for Jews. Jews back to holy land
Yasser Arafat- Leader of PLO until death 2004 {Responsible for Terrorist attacks} Helped negotiate peace agreement with Israel won Nobel Peace Prize 1994.