1. INTEGRATED NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (INRM) UNDER MGNREGA
INTEGRATED NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (INRM) APPROACH FOR CONVERGENCE IN MGNREGS
INTEGRATED NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (INRM) UNDER MGNREGA
DR. NITIN. B. JAWALE, IAS
DIRECTOR SPECIAL PROJECTS, ODISHA
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

2. The highland region of Orissa
Covers more than three-fourth of state
Undulating topography, poor soil
Good rain but frequent dry spells, high runoff
Low irrigation
High BPL and ST/SC population
Low population density, urbanization and female literacy
Subsistence agriculture, paddy: major crop, low productivity, lack of food sufficiency
Livestock for draught power and buffer
Forest based livelihoods and low return wage employment
Considerable work participation of women as compared to male members
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

3. Vicious cycle of poverty
Low
productivity
Traditional
agriculture
Poor
husbandry
Poverty
Resource
degradation
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

4. INRM APPROACH OF CONVERGENCE TO MGNREGS
“A conscious process of incorporating multiple aspects of natural resource use into a system of sustainable management to meet explicit production goals of farmers and other land users as well as goals of the wider community”
An approach for rational utilization of land, water and forest as an integrated system to achieve and sustain potential agricultural productivity
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

5. A typical village in the highlands of Odisha
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

6. MGNREGA & INRM MGNREGA & INRM
Recognizes right to work as fundamental to leading a life of dignity
INRM measures are included in the permissible works under MGNREGA
Generates sufficient employment in the village and can provide Rs 60,000-70,000 per year to a family
Potential to transform people from wage employment to self employment
Being labour intensive it looks to be a right approach under MGNREGA for poverty reduction in HIGHLANDS
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

7. PLAN & STRATEGY PLAN & STRATEGY
Educating & organizing community about MGNREGA and INRM
Helping them prepare village development plan for livelihood enhancement
Encouraging them to attend pallisabha and demand for its execution
Simultaneously sensitizing officials
Enhancing the capability of NREGA implementers on INRM measures and together designing people friendly systems
Training GSs to help community prepare and implement INRM plans
Orientation of NGOs
Enhancing the income of villagers through efficient land use and improved agriculture activities
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

8. Systematic approach in Kandhamal
Allocation of villages to selected NGOs
Placement of teams by NGOs
Allocation of GS by govt
Baseline survey (village level and household level)
Fortnightly review at block level and monthly review at district level
Indicators for assessment
Allocation of villages to selected NGOs
Placement of teams by NGOs
Allocation of GS by govt
Baseline survey (village level and household level)
Fortnightly review at block level and monthly review at district level
Indicators for assessment
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

9. Village level planning
The plans for village Ballisuga of Kandhamal district:
Demands for ponds, 30X40 model with plantation, land leveling, dugwell, gully plugs
Requires Rs 16,49,528, 78% of which is labour cost
Generates 14,253 labour-days of employment
Can engage 86 households of the village for two years
Our experience suggests that an Rs 18,000/- per ha is required (at minimum wage Rs 90/-) for comprehensive land and water resource development, where nearly 80% is towards wages
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

10. COMMUNITY BASED RESOURCE MAPPING
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

11. A Coherent Approach to Change
Enabling Environment for people
Govt.
NGOs
Strategy
[2 clicks - 1st click) strategy visual; 2nd click) remaining visuals]
To do this [catalyze change], strategies need to encompass changes in the enabling environment, in institutional roles, and in management instruments.
Enable countries to approach this change within the context of achieving larger goals, and lay out a well thought-out sequence for change.
Considers:
What changes must happen to achieve agreed-upon goals?
Where is change possible given the current social, political, and economic situation?
What is the logical sequence for change? What changes need to come first to make other changes possible?
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

12. Visualized goals Reduced dependency on unskilled labor
Reduced uncertainty in and increased returns from agriculture
Sustainable and remunerative use of land and water resources
Pallisabha is in charge of planning, execution and monitoring
Improved quality of life for rural community
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

13. Role of NGOs Beyond watchdog
Educating community and motivating them to act
Focusing on both employment as well as asset creation
Showing the way for addressing people’s issues
Sensitization of govt officials
Jointly smoothen process in the interest of people
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

14. Govt role & support to NGO
Recognizing NGOs’ role and legitimizing it with proper guideline
Selection of experienced NGOs
Clear-cut procedure for inclusion of activity in shelf of projects, approval of people’s plans, their execution, measurement, timely payment and closure
Regular review mechanism for timely redressal of issues
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

15. Indicators Job cards to all interested households
Bank/PO account for all the registered households
100 days of employment to all interested
Capacity building of GS
Protection of kharif crops against drought
Increase in area under second crop
Increased coverage under plantation
Reduction in distressed migration
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

16. Possible interventions
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

17. Implementation flowchart
Pallisabha approves and submits with GP
PRADAN NGO
Village committee prepares plans with GS’s help
JE/AE/EE & BDO approve
Work starts
Work order issued to GS
MR issued to GS
Bill preparation, MR submission
Payment through bank/PO
Measurement by JE
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN 17

18. Activities
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

19. WATER HARVESTING TANK
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

20. Horticulture
Fruit tree plantation: Rs 46,500/- per ha, 63% labour, 221 pds
Timber plantation: Rs 33,000/- per ha, 66% labour component, 175 pds
Grassland dev: Rs 4,100/- per ha, 66% labour component, 30pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

21. Staggered Trench
Rs 16,000/- per ha, 171 pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

22. Gully Plugging Rs 6,000/- per plug, 25% labour component, 16 pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

23. 30-40 with Plantation Rs 9,000/- per ha, 90 pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

24. Land Levelling & Bunding
Rs 20,000/- per ha, 210pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

25. Low land tank
Rs 5,500/- per tank, 89pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

26. WHT (5% model)
Sarabani Patra had 10months food security from 2 acres of land. She constructed a WHT (25X25X8ft) and did SRI. She got 4.8q in place of 2.5q.
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

27. Land leveling
Kunimani patra has 5 acres of agricultural land but could only use 3 acres. She levelled 0.75 acre of unused land and got 6q of paddy
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

28. 30-40 model
Sapita dandia treated 50d of her land with model and constructed a well. She started cultivating Potato, Brinjal, Bitter-gourd, Tomato, Beans and Pea and earned Rs 68,000. She purchased land, got her daughter married and repaid the loans.
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

29. Changing cropping practices
SL No
Verity crops& SRI
Before 1
SRI 15 40 60 2
Brinjal 3 8 25
Tomato 6 11 20 4
Potato 9 35 5
Pea 30 45
Beans 10
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

30. Change of income
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

31. 5% Model
Rs 38,000/- per ha, 400 pds
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

32. Other benefits 33 families completed 100 days’ employment
72 families got more than 80 days’ employment
Migration is zero
6 families could meet the expenses of their daughters’ marriages without loans
Image of village has changed
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN

33. Thanks
PR DEPT ODISHA & PRADAN