1. Telecommunications Issues for Wind Power Facilities Interdepartment Radio Advisory Committee Presentation June 14, 2005

2. Presentation Outline Telecommunication Issues Involving Wind Power Facilities Review of Analysis for Spectrum Users Operating Under FCC Jurisdiction Example of Previous Project Options for Government Spectrum Users Next Steps Summary

3. Potential Telecommunications Issues Involving Wind Power Facilities Wind Power facilities create possible line-of-sight blockage to point-to-point microwave links Turbines potentially alter propagation characteristics of nearby telecommunications facilities Turbines potentially affect the electromagnetic characteristics of surrounding telecommunications facilities Wind Power Developers Are Pro-Active In The Early Planning Stages Of Facilities To Quantify and Minimize Any Disruption To Existing Telecommunications Networks

4. Telecommunication Issues Government Spectrum Microwave point-to-point communications RADAR Land mobile radio (LMR) Cellular and PCS telephones

5. Microwave Point-to-Point Communications Potential line-of-sight (LOS) path blockage Evaluate Wind Power facilities with respect to:  All licensed and coordinated microwave links  Critical Information  Coordinates, Ground Elevation, Antenna Centerlines, Frequencies of Operation, etc.  Location of wind turbines (geographic area)  Dimensions of individual turbines (tower height and blade diameter) Evaluate Fresnel zones of microwave paths for potential path blockage

7. RADAR Issues Potential signal blockage in sector of wind turbines Overload of Doppler processor Target detection capability reduction Range and target tracking degraded

8. LMR, Cellular and PCS Issues Wind facility has minor affect on LMR, cellular and PCS coverage Repeater antennas for LMR can be located on wind turbine or utility towers Cellular and PCS base station antennas can be located on wind turbine or utility towers

9. Possible Corrective Actions Microwave  Relocation of wind turbines  Relocation or re-engineering of microwave facility LMS, Cellular, PCS, RADAR  Relocation of wind turbines  Re-engineering of communication facility  Insure separation distances from turbines based on application

10. Proposed Distance Separations Verse Frequency Band Frequency RangeRadius (mi) 10 – 20 MHz2 mi 20 – 225 MHz5 mi 225 – 400 MHz10 mi 400 – 900 MHz20 mi 900 – 2000 MHz25 mi 2.0 – 8.4 GHz30 mi 8.4 – 15.0 GHz20 mi 15.0 – 40.0 GHz5 mi > 40.0 GHz2 mi

11. Example of Previous Project

12. Options For Government Spectrum Users No Action – Risk possible blockage, disruption of service and cost/time to resolve after the fact Wind Power developer to provide details of Wind Power facility to NTIA / IRAC for analysis by interested parties on an ad hoc basis Provide Wind Power facility data to NTIA / IRAC as part of a formal, to be defined, coordination process Comsearch, or others, to be provided limited access to GMF on an as-needed basis to perform analysis on behalf of operators (results provided to customer and NTIA / IRAC) Implement a “blind” automated system fashioned after the 70 - 90 GHz band Perform on-site measurements to determine government spectrum usage in the area Combinations of above

13. Next Steps NTIA / IRAC discussion and feedback on process for dissemination of Wind Power Developers’ plans Identify desired options to address issues and establish framework for analysis and response Establish NTIA / IRAC points-of-contact for processing requests Establish and implement methodology to provide NTIA / IRAC with Wind Power facility information for analysis and response

14. Summary Wind Power facilities are being developed in increasing numbers to provide an alternative source for power generation Wind Power facilities have the potential to disrupt near-by telecommunications networks due to their large geographical and individual turbine height footprints Wind Power developers are aware of the potential issues and desire to implement a process to facilitate coordination with all telecommunication operators Solutions exist for all telecommunication users (commercial and government) by taking pro-active steps in the planning of the Wind Energy facility