1. Bacteria Infections and how it spreads,
Unit 5 lesson 2-B
Bacteria Infections and how it spreads,

2. Key Terms Contagious or communicable disease (P) Infection
Local Infection
General Infection
Asymptomatic Carrier
Virus
Human Hepatitis B (HBV)
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

3. Infection Contagious or communicable disease
Occurs when disease-producing (pathogenic) bacteria or viruses enter the body and multiply to the point of interfering with the body’s normal state.
Contagious or communicable disease
Can be transmitted from person to person through touch or through the air
Ahhh chooo!
Bloodborne pathogens are disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through blood or body fluids
Chapter 2.1 Salon Ecology
Microbiology

4. Infection Local General Small, confined area
Pus-filled boil, pimple or inflamed area
General
All parts of the body (systemic)
Circulatory system carries bacteria and toxins
Chapter 2.1 Salon Ecology
Microbiology

5. Infection Common ways of spreading infection in the salon: Open sores
Unclean hands and implements
Coughing or sneezing
Common use of drinking cups and towels
Use of same implements on infected areas and noninfected areas
Unsanitary salon conditions
Chapter 2.1 Salon Ecology
Microbiology

6. Infection Asymptomatic Carrier Carries disease but shows NO SYMPTOMS
This is why it is important to use the same infection control procedures on all clients (universal precautions)
Universal Precautions
Chapter 2.1 Salon Ecology
Microbiology

7. 1. Staphylococci
Most common human bacteria; can be picked up on door knobs, countertops, by hand shaking, or unclean implements

8. Viruses Sub-microscopic particles; much smaller than bacteria
Cause familiar diseases like the common cold, measles, hepatitis, HIV
Sally will not be in school today because she has the measles.
Dear Mrs. Jones,
Sue Swanson
Chapter 2.1 Salon Ecology
Microbiology

9. Viruses Human Hepatitis B (HBV)
Highly infectious disease that infects the liver
Vaccine-preventable disease
Personal service workers are often asked to be vaccinated
Unlike HIV , Hepatitis can live on a surface outside the body for long periods of time
Chapter 2.1 Salon Ecology
Microbiology

10. Hepatitis A Illness lasts about 3 weeks.
Symptoms similar to flu; may cause yellowing of skin and eyes in adults.
Spread through close contact; poor sanitation and personal hygiene, contaminated food, milk, water, and shellfish; infected food handlers; sexual contact.
A vaccine is available.

11. Hepatitis B (HBV) Can cause long-term hepatitis, effects the liver .
There may be no symptoms or flulike symptoms. It is primarily transmitted through sexual contact or blood transfusions or when infected needles are shared.
A vaccine is available.

12. Hepatitis C (HCV)
Progresses slowly; about one-third of those with the illness show no symptoms. When symptoms exist they include fatigue and stomach pain.
It is also transferable through parenteral contact and sexual activity with infected partners.
No vaccine is available.

13. BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
Disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through the body in the blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV, are called bloodborne pathogens

14. Viruses Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Caused by HIV
Affects the body’s natural immune system
Spreads by body fluids entering blood stream of uninfected individual
Chapter 2.1 Salon Ecology
Microbiology

15. HIV passed through blood and body fluids through:
a. unprotected sexual contact
b. sharing of needles with infected drug users
c. accidents with needles in health care facilities
d. cuts and sores
Could occur from sharp implements in the salon; however there are no documented reports of such transmission.

16. Methods that DO NOT transmit the HIV
a. hand holding
b. hugging
c. kissing
d. sharing food or household items Like telephones or toilet seats. There are no documented cases of the virus being transmitted by food handlers, insects, or casual contact.

17. Key Terms External Parasites Parasitic fungi Tinea Barbae Nail Fungus
Parasitic mites (insects)
Animal parasites
Pediculosis capitis
Scabies
Natural Immunity
Passive Immunity

18. External Parasites Parasitic mites (insects)
Organisms that live on or obtain nutrients from another organism
Parasitic fungi (molds and yeasts)
Produce contagious diseases such as ringworm, honeycomb ringworm and nail fungus
Produce noncontagious conditions such as dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis
Parasitic mites (insects)
Produce contagious diseases such as itch mites and head lice
Chapter 2.1 Salon Ecology
Microbiology

19. Tinea barbae (barber’s itch)
can be caused from unclean clippers.
Nail fungus
can be spread by unclean implements or not preparing the nail plate before applying enhancement products.

20. External Parasites Head Lice /Pediculosis Capitis
Transmitted directly from one person to another or by contact with articles that have come in contact with an infested person
Accompanied by head scratching, redness or small bite marks on the scalp
Controlled by pediculicide shampoo
Chapter 2.1 Salon Ecology
Microbiology

21. Animal parasites Responsible for contagious diseases.
A parasite carried by mosquito causes malaria.
Insects that carry diseases from one person to another are known as. disease vectors.
The itch mite burrows under skin
Scabies is another contagious skin disease caused by the itch mite

22. External Parasites
Professionals prevent the spread of contagions (fungi, bacteria and mites) through proper disinfection procedures
Chapter 2.1 Salon Ecology
Microbiology

23. Immunity
Ability of the body to destroy infectious agents that enter the body
Natural Immunity
Passive Immunity
Partially inherited
Natural resistance to disease
Production of white blood cells and antitoxins by body
Skin is first line of defense
Acquired immunity
Injection of antigens stimulates the body’s immune response
Chapter 2.1 Salon Ecology
Microbiology